Small bowel rupture after blunt trauma: Computed tomographic signs and their sensitivity

The purpose of this study is to describe the characteristic computed tomographic (CT) signs of small bowel perforation after blunt abdominal trauma and to evaluate their sensitivity. Nineteen preoperative CT scans were obtained from 16 patients with surgically proven small bowel rupture secondary to blunt abdominal trauma. Only the CT findings described in the original CT reports were used. Eleven of 19 CT scans (58 %) had findings that were unequivocal for bowel rupture (i.e., extraluminal air and/or extravasation of oral contrast medium). Seven CT scans (37 %) had findings that were suggestive of severe small bowel injury (i.e., focal small bowel wall thickening and/or free peritoneal fluid without other accompanying organ injuries). In all, 95 % of cases of small bowel rupture had either pathognomonic or suggestive CT findings. One CT scan did not demonstrate small bowel wall thickening, although a hemoperitoneum was present. CT is a sensitive method for suggesting severe small bowel injury and rupture secondary to blunt abdominal trauma.     

Spontaneous ovarian hyperstimulation mimicking an ovarian tumour

Ovarian hyperstimulation syndrome in a spontaneous singletonpregnancy is exceedingly rare. We report a case of ovarian hyperstimulationpresenting as bilateral ovarian masses in association with spontaneouspregnancy, occurring in a woman with disturbed liver function.A possible mechanism is discussed.     

2010—2021年国内外老年多重慢病研究热点分析

背景 随着人口老龄化进程的加快,同时患有多种慢病已成为老年人的常态,老年多重慢病相关研究也不断丰富,但鲜有对其研究进展及热点进行分析。目的 分析国内外老年多重慢病的研究热点,揭示近十年来（2010—2021年）老年多重慢病领域研究前沿的热点主题,为相关研究者追踪前沿信息提供参考。方法 基于文本挖掘技术和文献计量学等方法,检索Web of Science核心合集、Scopus、中国知网、万方数据知识服务平台、维普网、PubMed、中华医学会期刊全文数据库、APA-PsycINFO美国心理学会数据库中老年多重慢病领域的相关文献,检索时间为2010—2021年。使用CiteSpace 6.1.3、PASW 18、BICOMB 2.04等软件对文献的发文量趋势、来源、作者、机构、关键词等方面进行分析及可视化,并绘制战略坐标图对领域研究热点进行分析。结果 最终纳入老年多重慢病相关文献9 392篇,其中外文文献5 776篇,中文文献3 616篇。2010—2021年老年多重慢病领域中外文献发文量均呈指数型增长,中文文献年增长率为13.27%,外文文献年增长率为15.84%,该领域正处于发展阶段。中...     

Th17细胞分化调控及其治疗自身免疫性疾病的研究进展

辅助性T细胞17(Th17)作为CD4＋T细胞的一个亚群,对包括自身免疫性疾病在内的某些炎性疾病的发生和发展起着重要作用。越来越多证据显示,在多种自身免疫性疾病患者血液中,Th17细胞数量及其相关细胞因子明显上升,靶向Th17细胞分化可能成为一种新的自身免疫性疾病临床治疗方案。本文讨论了Th17细胞与自身免疫性疾病的关系,并总结了调控Th17细胞分化的几个重要因素,以及一些以Th17细胞分化为靶点的自身免疫性疾病的治疗新策略。     

基于太赫兹时域光谱技术的名贵动物药材龟甲的真伪品鉴别

目的： 建立一种利用太赫兹时域光谱和多种化学计量学方法鉴别龟甲真伪的新方法。方法： 选用正品乌龟和伪品红耳彩龟的腹甲进行实验,先用经典的性状鉴别、显微鉴别方法比较两种样品的典型性状特征,后利用太赫兹时域光谱仪测得样品的光谱信息,对样品谱图进行平滑处理和基线校准,并运用化学计量方法进行数据分析以区分正品和伪品龟甲。结果： 性状鉴别结果显示完整正、伪品龟甲样品仅有细微差异,且其碎片或粉末基本无差异;显微鉴别未在两种样品中发现明显的特征差异性结构;两种样品的太赫兹时域光谱曲线图经快速傅里叶变换滤波器平滑滤波处理、正交偏最小二乘法判别分析处理后呈现显著差异。结论： 利用太赫兹时域光谱技术结合正交偏最小二乘法判别分析可以实现龟甲真伪品的精准鉴别。     

Renal and hormonal effects of alpha1-adrenoceptor blockade by bunazosin in essential hypertension

Summary The renal and hormonal effects of the ₁-adrenoceptor blocker bunazosin were examined in 6 patients with essential hypertension. Oral bunazosin for 4 to 12 weeks significantly decreased mean blood pressure by 10%, increased effective renal blood flow and creatinine clearance by 34% and 37%, respectively, the plasma norepinephrine concentration was elevated by 60%, and the plasma atrial natriuretic peptide level was lowered by 22%. The plasma renin activity and aldosterone concentration were unchanged. Thus, a moderate reduction in blood pressure was produced by bunazosin treatment while maintaining renal perfusion.     

An intracellular antigen that reacts with MO2, a monoclonal antibody to CD14, is expressed by human lymphocytes

CD14, a lipopolysaccharide (LPS) receptor, is present on the surface membrane of phagocytic leukocytes; it is also present in a soluble form in serum. Recently published results confer to this molecule novel functions that are linked to T-cell activation and to apoptosis. We report here that we have defined and characterized a novel lymphocyte population in human peripheral blood, a population that expresses an intracellular antigen detectable with MO2, a monoclonal antibody directed against the human CD14 molecule. This population is composed primarily of CD8-positive T-cells. We found surprisingly that this novel MO2-positive population of lymphocytes was greatly enhanced in asymptomatic, untreated HIV-positive individuals.     

Smad7过度表达抑制3T3细胞增殖和TGF-β1基因表达

研究Smad7过度表达对TGF β1基因表达的调控和对 3T3细胞增殖的影响。实验将Smad7质粒 ,通过脂质体介导转染NIH3T3细胞 ,应用RT PCR方法鉴定转染结果和检测TGF β1mRNA的表达 ,以及用免疫细胞化学检测TGF β1蛋白的表达情况 ,并观察基因转染对细胞增殖的影响。结果显示转染Smad7后 ,NIH3T3细胞中TGF β1mRNA的表达显著减少 (P <0 0 5 ) ,TGF β1蛋白的表达下降 ,细胞增殖明显减缓 (P <0 0 5 )。提示Smad7过度表达能够抑制 3T3细胞的增殖和TGF β1基因的表达 ,可以通过阻断TGF β细胞内信号传导来调控TGF β1的生物学行为。     

Characterization of HLA DR3/DQ2 transgenic mice: a potential humanized animal model for autoimmune disease studies

Linkage studies indicate close associations of certain HLA alleles with autoimmune diseases. To better understand how specific HLA alleles are related to disease pathogenesis, we have generated an HLA DR3/DQ2 transgenic mouse utilizing a 550-kb yeast artificial chromosome (YAC) construct containing the complete DRalpha, DRbeta1, DRbeta3, DQalpha, and DQbeta regions. The transgenic mouse (4D1/C2D) in an I-Abeta(o) background appears healthy with no signs of autoimmune diseases. Lymphoid tissues as well as CD4(+) T cells develop normally. Characterization of the transgene expression demonstrates that approximately 90% of B cells express high levels of DR3 and 50-70% of B cells express DQ2. CD11c(+) dendritic cells express high levels of DR and DQ. Approximately 12-18% of resting T cells are positive for DR expression, and further up-regulation to 40-50% expression is seen upon activation with anti-CD3/anti-CD28 mAb. These results suggest that the transgenic construct confers a high fidelity to the normal human temporal and spatial expression profile. Analysis of T cell receptor repertoire in transgenic mice confirms that DR3/DQ2 are able to mediate thymic selection. Furthermore, transgenic mice respond to a DR3-restricted antigen, demonstrating antigen processing and presentation by antigen-presenting cells (APC). Purified T cells from ovalbumin (OVA)-immunized 4D1 mice respond to human APC co-cultured with OVA, suggesting appropriate antigen/DR3 or DQ2 recognition by murine T cells. Immunoglobulin isotype switching is also observed, indicating functional T-B cognate interactions. Thus, the DR3/DQ2 transgenic mouse has normal lymphoid development and functionality that are mediated by HLA transgenes and can be used to investigate HLA-associated immunological questions.     

鼠巨细胞病毒抑制神经干细胞分化及分化基因表达的体外研究

目的 研究鼠巨细胞病毒(MCMV)感染对体外培养神经干细胞(NSCs)分化及分化基因表达的影响,探讨CMV先天感染致神经损伤的机制.方法 体外分离培养和鉴定BALB/c胎鼠NSCs并检测其分化潜能,用感染复数(MOI)为5、1和0.1的MCMV Smith毒株感染NSCs并进行分化培养,倒置显微镜下观察细胞形态学改变,流式细胞术检测分化细胞比率,免疫荧光法观察NSCs及其分化细胞标记物Nestin、胶质纤维酸性蛋白(GFAP)和神经元特异性烯醇化酶(NSE)表达的变化,采用MCMV早期抗原(EA)示踪感染过程(MOI=1),real-time RT-PCR检测分化早期NSCs Wnt信号途径关键分化基因Wnt-3和Wnt-Ta mRNA水平的动态变化.结果 体外培养的NSCs呈球样生长,神经干细胞特异性标记Nestin表达阳性,并可进一步诱导分化为NF-200阳性的神经元和GFAP阳性的星形胶质细胞;分化培养后,感染组NSCs不能贴壁分化生长并逐渐出现肿胀,细胞Nestin表达下调缓慢并显著高于正常对照组,而GFAP和NSE表达显著低于正常对照组(P<0.05),可检测到MCMV EA的阳性表达;分化培养3-9 d,感染组Nestin阳性细胞比率显著高于正常对照组,GFAP和NSE阳性细胞比率显著低于正常对照组(P<0.05);感染组Wnt-3 mRNA水平在分化培养后第1～2天显著低于正常对照组(P<0.05),感染组Wnto-7a mRNA水平在第0.5～2天明显低于正常对照组(P<0.05);感染组和正常对照组的差异随病毒MOI的增加而更加明显.结论 MCMV感染可明显抑制NSCs向神经元和星形胶质细胞方向分化,导致分化细胞比率减少;下调或干扰NSCs wnt信号途径分化基因wnt-3和Wnt-7a的表达;抑制NSCs分化及其分化基因表达的效应与MOI大小存在一定量效依赖关系;MCMV可能通过抑制NSCs分化基因的表达来抑制其分化,这可能是CMV先天感染致脑发育异常的重要机制之一.