Effects of Kangdaxin on myocardial fibrosis in heart failure with preserved ejection fraction rats

BackgroundThis study aimed to explore the effects of Kangdaxin oral liquid on myocardial fibrosis in heart failure with preserved ejection fraction (HFpEF) rats.MethodsA total of 30 Sprague Dawley (SD) rats were randomly divided into 3 groups Sham operation group (Sham), HFpEF group (HFpEF), and HFpEF with drug intervention group (HFpEF + I). Rats in HFpEF + I group were given Kangdaxin oral liquid at a dose of 2.7 mL/(kg·d). After modeling or treatment, the value of E/A and E/e'' in each group of rats were measured by echocardiography. The N-terminal pro b-type natriuretic peptide (NT-proBNP) level was determined by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA). Heart weight/body mass index (Hw/W) and left ventricular weight/body mass index (LVw/W) were calculated after the rats were sacrificed; the transforming growth factor-β1 (TGF-β1) protein expression level in cardiac tissue was detected by western blot.ResultsCompared with sham group, the values of diastolic function item (E/A) and mitral annular early diastolic velocity (E/e'') in HFpEF group were significantly decreased, and the level of NT-proBNP was significantly increased (P<0.05). Compared with HFpEF group, the value of E/A and E/e'' in HF + I group were significantly increased, and the level of NT-proBNP was significantly decreased (P<0.05). Compared with sham group, the expression of TGF-β1 protein in heart tissue of HFpEF group were significantly increased (P<0.05). Compared with HFpEF group, the expression of TGF-β1 protein in HFpEF + I group were significantly decreased (P<0.05).ConclusionsKangdaxin oral liquid has protective effect on heart in HFpEF rats, which can reduce the protein expression of TGF-β1 in the heart tissue of HFpEF rats. This may be a possible mechanism to inhibit myocardial fibrosis and improve cardiac diastolic function.     

经食道超声心动图监测用于Nuss 手术中的临床研究

目的：探讨经食道超声心动图(trans-esophageal echocardiography,TEE)用于微创漏斗胸矫治术(Nuss手术)安 全性监测的可行性。方法：四川省人民医院2011年8月至2013年8月行Nuss手术的72例患者均采用TEE监测,在食管中 段四腔心切面和食管中段主动脉短轴切面直视下观察Nuss手术引导器和钢板是否造成对心、大血管的损伤。结果： 72例患者均顺利完成手术,在TEE图像中能清晰看到胸骨后引导器的置入、钢板置入和翻转过程,未发现心和血管的 损伤。其中3例患者术中发现少量线状出血,术毕复查TEE出血区无扩大,术后1月复查经胸彩色B超,显示出血已经 完全吸收。结论：TEE作为一种无创监测手段在Nuss手术中能够比较清楚地反映手术中心和大血管及心包的状态,可 以有效地发现并避免术中严重的并发症。     

IGFBP-4对A549细胞免疫原性细胞死亡的作用及其机制

目的：探讨IGFBP-4对A549细胞免疫原性细胞死亡（ICD）的作用及其分子机制。方法：体外培养A549细胞,将细胞分为对照组、IGFBP-4组、IGFBP-4+NAC组和IGFBP4+si-p38组。经培养48 h后,用MTT法检测细胞存活率,流式细胞技术检测细胞内ROS、钙网蛋白（CRT）含量,ELISA法检测培养基中高迁移率族蛋白1（HMGB1）含量和细胞内SOD、MDA含量,Western blot法检测p-p38和p38表达。结果：与对照组相比,IGFBP-4组细胞内ROS、CRT、HMGB1、MDA含量、p-p38和p38表达升高,细胞存活率、SOD2含量下降（P＜0.05）;与IGFBP-4组相比,IGFBP-4+NAC组和IGFBP-4+si-p38细胞内ROS、CRT、HMGB1和MDA含量下降,细胞存活率、SOD2含量增高（P＜0.05）。结论：IGFBP-4通过激活p38 MAPK通路,诱发细胞内氧化应激促使A549细胞发生免疫原性细胞死亡。     

来曲唑微刺激超排卵对卵泡液中IGF-I和IGFBP-1水平的影响

目的:探讨来曲唑(LE)微刺激超排卵对卵泡液中胰岛素样生长因子I(IGF-I)和胰岛素样生长因子结合蛋白1(IGFBP-1)水平的影响。方法:96例体外受精-胚胎移植(IVF-ET)患者分为两组,LE微刺激组(42例)采用LE微刺激超排卵,GnRH-a方案组(54例)采用GnRH-a方案超排卵做对照,酶联免疫吸附法(ELISA)检测取卵时平均直径16 mm以上卵泡的卵泡液中IGF-I、IGFBP-1水平。结果:⑴LE组超排卵天数、总促性腺激素(Gn)用量、hCG日血清E2水平、获卵数显著低于GnRH-a组,受精率、优质胚胎率、种植率、临床妊娠率两组相比均无显著性差异(P>0.05);⑵LE组卵泡液中IGF-I水平(197.2±35.6)ng/mL显著高于GnRH-a组水平(118.5±23.8)ng/mL(P<0.05),IGFBP-1水平(3 057.7±346.7)pg/mL显著低于GnRH-a组水平(7 093.9±435.3)pg/mL(P<0.05)。结论:LE微刺激超排卵可刺激卵泡液内IGF-I分泌,使卵巢对Gn敏感性增加,用较少的Gn达到同GnRH-a方案相似的超排卵效果。     

8例胰腺类癌的临床病理分析

Carcinoids of the pancreas are exceedingly rare tumors that originate from the enterochromaffin cells of the gastroenteropancreatic neuroendocrine system. According to a recent report, pancreatic carcinoids are found in only 0.58% （79/13 715 cases） of the entire carcinoid group. To date, very limited information regarding the detection and diagnosis of this entity has been reported in the available literature. Although pancreatic carcinoid tumors grow slowly and show an indolent clinical behavior, they are potentially malignant. Due to the late onset of clinical symptoms and delayed diagnosis of the tumor, there was a high incidence of distant metastases that hampered long-term survival for many patients, leading to an unfavorable overall prognosis.     

成年大鼠脊髓损伤后反应性星形胶质细胞增生和巢蛋白表达的相关性及意义

目的 探讨脊髓损伤后反应性星形胶质细胞的增生和巢蛋白的表达情况,并观察其细胞类型及相关性.方法 利用动脉瘤夹压迫法建立成年大鼠脊髓损伤动物模型.利用BBB评分标准表、免疫组化、免疫荧光双标法与LeicaQ500IW图像处理系统分析和显示脊髓损伤后不同时期(1、3、5 d,1、2、4、6、8、w)、不同部位脊髓损伤的程度以及巢蛋白与胶质酸性纤维蛋白(GFAP)的表达变化及细胞类型.结果 BBB评分结果显示术后所有实验动物双后肢(HL)评分低至0~1min,随后逐渐上升,1～2周内恢复的幅度较大,以后恢复较缓慢,较正常对照组具统计学意义(P<0.05).甲苯胺蓝染色可见损伤区有核固缩、胞浆溶解、尼氏体模糊且染色较深的神经元.随着动物存活时间延长,损伤范围逐渐扩大,约1周后损伤范同不再扩大.正常对照组脊髓神经元胞体和突起轮廓清晰.免疫荧光双标染色及图像处理系统分析结果显示脊髓伤24h后可诱导损伤及邻近区域巢蛋白和GFAP高度表达,中央管周围室管膜区几乎均为巢蛋白/GFAP-细胞群.室管膜区以外的灰质和白质中几乎全是巢蛋白/GFAP 细胞群,3～7d逐渐达到高峰,之后逐渐减弱,在损伤后2周左右恢复至对照组水平(P<0.05).正常对照组在脊髓中央管室管膜区有少量巢蛋白/GFAP-细胞,在室管膜区以外的灰质和白质中偶可见染色强度较弱的巢蛋白/GFAP 共存细胞.结论 成年大鼠脊髓损伤可诱导巢蛋白和GFAP的表达.巢蛋白的表达和反应性星形胶质细胞增生呈正相关,且表达多相互共存;星形胶质细胞和神经干细胞对脊髓损伤都有反应,并可能参与中枢神经系统损伤修复.     

运动减轻孤独症神经炎症的可视化分析

目的 探索近10年来孤独症谱系障碍(ASD)-小胶质细胞研究领域的热点及未来发展趋势,对ASD的神经炎症以及运动减轻ASD症状的免疫调控机制及可能的通路进行综述。方法 从Web of Science核心数据库中检索2012年1月至2021年12月ASD-小胶质细胞相关研究。采用CiteSpace 5.8.R3软件对纳入文献的年度发文量、高频关键词及关键词聚类等进行可视化分析。结果与结论 共纳入783篇文献,发文量总体呈上升趋势。神经炎症是ASD发病机制相关研究的热点,其中小胶质细胞的异常激活、炎性细胞因子水平的改变是ASD发生、发展的重要因素。运动是改善ASD的重要干预方法,可能通过减轻神经炎症或调控小胶质细胞介导的炎症通路实现。     

基于“形神一体”理论针刺治疗中风后痉挛性偏瘫的体会*

痉挛性偏瘫是中风后常见的后遗症,其发生关键在于毒邪损伤元神、残害形体,属于“形神共病”之疾病,治疗上需“形”“神”同调。吾师刘明辉医师在“形神一体”理论指导下总结了针刺治疗中风后痉挛性偏瘫的处方,即调神取背部夹脊穴（双侧1、3、5、7、9、11、13、15、17与2、4、6、8、10、12、14、16,两组穴位隔日交替使用）+头针（病灶同侧）顶颞前斜线中2/5、顶颞后斜线中2/5、顶旁2线行针刺;调形取患肢拮抗肌筋节点行小针刀,取得了良好的疗效。本文总结刘明辉医师的临床经验,以期为临床治疗中风后痉挛性偏瘫提供新思路。     

NRG1在肝细胞肝癌中杂合性丢失和蛋白表达的研究

目的：分析在肝细胞性肝癌中NRG1基因的两个多态性位点D8S278和D8S499杂合性丢失（loss ofheterozygosity,LOH）情况及其与NRG1蛋白表达水平之间的关系,探讨NRG1在肝细胞肝癌发生发展中的作用。方法：酚氯仿抽提经石蜡包埋的肝癌和癌旁正常组织DNA,进行PCR扩增,扩增出来的产物进行变性聚丙烯酰胺凝胶电泳并分析两位点杂合性丢失情况;用免疫组织化学方法检测肝癌组织和癌旁正常组织中NRG1的表达情况。结果：D8S278和D8S499的LOH率分别为32.43%（24/74）、37.86%（26/69）,总频率为48.65%（36/74）;NRG1在肝癌组织中的阳性表达率为67.57%（50/74）,显著低于在正常组织中的表达水平（97.30%,72/74）（P〈0.05）,这种降低与NRG1基因多态性位点的LOH有关;NRG1表达下调与肿瘤大小、Edmondson分级相关,而与年龄、性别、HBsAg、AFP、肝硬化和肝内外转移无明显相关。结论：NRG1基因可能是肝细胞肝癌的一个候选抑癌基因,在肝癌发生发展中起一定的作用;可为临床诊断、治疗及预后评估提供理论依据。     

One‐Year Clinical Outcome of a Randomized Trial of Polymer‐Free Paclitaxel‐Eluting Stents Versus Biodegradable Polymer‐Based Rapamycin‐Eluting Stents in Patients with Coronary Heart Disease

Background: More widespread use of drug‐eluting stents (DES) to treat coronary heart disease (CHD) has recently generated more attention to thrombosis, which was relative to the polymer. Polymer‐free and biodegradable polymer‐based stents are more frequently studied, but their efficacy on preventing detrimental clinical events is unclear. Methods and Results: To assess whether polymer‐free paclitaxel‐eluting stent (YINYI stent) was noninferior or equivalent to biodegradable polymer‐based rapamycin‐eluting stents (EXCEL stent) in preventing detrimental clinical cardiovascular events, a total of 167 consecutive CHD patients requiring DES implantation were randomly divided into the YINYI group (n = 82) and the EXCEL group (n = 85). The primary end‐point was major adverse cardiac events (MACE). The secondary end‐points included stent thrombosis events, all‐cause mortality, and rehospitalization. The study was designed to test the noninferiority or equivalence of the YINYI stent compared with the EXCEL stent with respect to one‐year MACE according to a noninferiority or equivalence margin of 0.1. One‐year MACE was 6.10% in the YINYI group versus 5.88% in the EXCEL group. The lower limit of the one‐sided 95% confidence interval was ?0.0582 (P = 0.002 from the test for noninferiority). The 95% confidence interval for the equivalence test was [?0.0698, 0.0742] (P₁=0.004 and P₂=0.007 from 2 times the 1‐sided test for equivalence). There was no statistically significant difference in thrombosis events, all‐cause death, and rehospitalization (all P > 0.05). Conclusions: In this small randomized trial, polymer‐free paclitaxel‐eluting stents appear to be noninferior or equivalent to biodegradable polymer‐based rapamycin‐eluting stents. (J Interven Cardiol 2012;25:604–610)