克山病病区玉米及酱块对大鼠心肌损伤的实验研究

Objective To investigate the myocardial damage in rats fed with corn from Keshan disease area added with bean puree. Methods Male Wistar rats were randomly divided into 3 groups according to their body weights, and fed with corn, corn from Keshan disease area added with bean puree, corn from non-endemic area. The GSH-Px activity of vena cardalis blood was examined in 1 and 3 months, rats were sacrificed after being fed for 6 months to examine the heart changes with HE stain. Results The three groups of GSH-Px activity were different in 1 and 3 months respectively(F=23.60,72.46, all P<0.01); GSH-Px activity was (181.58±22.15), (44.76±28.59)U/L in rats fed with corn, was (195.03±17.66), (30.38±3.35)U/L in those fed with corn added with bean puree from Keshan disease area, lower than the group fed with corn of non-endemic area[(340.90±95.42), (125.17±13.64)U/L, all P < 0.01]. But the difference of GSH-Px activity between simple corn group and corn adding bean puree groups of Keshan disease area was not obvious(P>0.05). Myocardial damage incidence of the three groups was 3/9,1/9,2/7. Difference among three groups did not have statistical significance(χ2=1.33, P> 0.05). Conclusions Only corn from Keshan disease area may induce myocardial damage pathology change. Adding bean puree into corn does not increase damage.     

Abnormal subcellular distribution of myosin and talin in Wistar Furth rat platelets [published erratum appears in Blood 1995 Aug 1;86(3):1242]

The roles of most cytoskeletal proteins in platelet formation and function remain largely undefined. We earlier detected megakaryocyte membrane blebbing and a unique antigenic determinant associated with a missense mutation in the cytoskeletal protein, talin, in an animal model of hereditary macrothrombocytopenia, the Wistar Furth (WF) rat, which led us to examine the distribution of talin and other cytoskeletal proteins in resting normal and WF rat platelets. In contrast to the conclusions of an earlier ultrastructural analysis, our biochemical and ultrastructural immunogold studies indicate a significant membrane-association of talin in both resting normal and WF rat platelets as found earlier for rat megakaryocytes. Talin was associated with plasma membranes, membranes of the surface-connected canalicular system, and with alpha-granule membranes of both normal and WF rat platelets, but as in WF megakaryocytes, talin was absent from the large membrane complexes of WF platelets. An even more striking difference was seen in the distribution of myosin in subcellular fractions of normal and WF rat platelets separated in density gradients, in which the proportion of myosin in the least dense WF rat platelet membrane fraction was one half that in the same normal platelet fraction. This difference was balanced by a fourfold increase in myosin in the most dense WF rat subcellular fraction, which is highly enriched for alpha-granules. These results support our hypothesis that the platelet abnormalities of the WF rat are related to defects in the megakaryocyte-platelet cytoskeleton.     

Clinical experience with transfusion of leukocyte-poor platelet concentrates prepared by filtration with prostacyclin

Repeated transfusions with platelets from randomly selected donors lead to HLA alloimmunization in about 50% of patients due to lymphocyte contamination of platelet concentrates. Attempts to remove the leukocytes from the platelet concentrates by additional centrifugation steps led to substantial loss of platelets. We report a new procedure for removal of almost all leukocytes with excellent platelet recoveries. Single donor concentrates are treated with 50 ng/mL prostacyclin to inactivate the platelets transiently. The concentrates are then passed through a cellulose-acetate filter to remove the leukocytes. In 30 concentrates this treatment reduced the contamination by leukocytes to less than 0.1 million per concentrate with a platelet recovery of 89% +/- 1% (mean +/- SEM). Thirty filtered platelet concentrates transfused to ten thrombocytopenic patients within one hour after filtration were well tolerated and led to corrected count increments of (22.0 +/- 1.1) X 10(6)/mL blood after one hour and normal survival thereafter. In four of five patients these concentrates reduced the bleeding time. We conclude that transient inactivation of platelets by prostacyclin enables optimal removal of leukocytes and may help to reduce alloimmunization during frequent transfusions with platelet concentrates.     

Nasogastric decompression not associated with a reduction in surgery or bowel ischemia for acute small bowel obstruction

Objectives

Small bowel obstructions (SBOs) occur 300,000 times annually leading to $1.3 billion in cost. Approximately 20% of patients require a laparotomy to manage the obstruction and either prevent or treat intestinal ischemia. Early management may play a role in reducing these complications. Nasogastric decompression is commonly used for early management. Our primary objective was to determine if NGD was associated with lower rates of surgery, bowel ischemia or length of stay.

聚焦超声波治疗女性外阴炎性疾病的疗效

目的探讨高强度聚焦超声治疗（HIFU）女性外阴炎性疾病（单纯外阴瘙痒症和外阴上皮内非瘤样病变）的疗效。方法应用高强度超声治疗仪对142例单纯外阴瘙痒症、267例不同病理类型外阴上皮内非瘤样病变（141例硬化苔藓和126例鳞状上皮细胞增生）,规范了对不同疾病的治疗方法以及疗效判别标准。结果本方法对单纯外阴瘙痒症组两次治疗后总有效率为90.4%;对外阴上皮内非瘤样病变4次治疗后,病变区皮肤面积由（14.26±4.79）cm2减少至（3.83±2.04）cm2,差异有统计学意义（P〈0.01）,其中对硬化苔藓型明显有效率为94.8%,对鳞状上皮细胞增生型患者明显有效率为92.0%。结论本组显示HIFU可使瘙痒症状显著减轻,外阴白色病变面积逐渐减少,并具有简便、无痛和安全无创等优点。     

室间隔完整型肺动脉闭锁的右心室减压策略

目的 总结室间隔完整型肺动脉闭锁(PA/IVS)右心室减压的经验与教训,反思右心室减压策略.方法 回顾性分析2015年3月至2019年12月于我院行右心室减压手术的12例PA/IVS患儿的临床资料,其中男10例、女2例,手术时中位年龄5(1～627)d.对减压后肺动脉瓣跨瓣压差与三尖瓣Z值变化进行相关性分析.结果 术后...