人胎儿脊髓神经肽Y样神经元及其纤维的发育和分布的免疫细胞化学研究

人工流产胎儿标本２３例，孕龄１０～４１周，用免疫组织化学ＡＢＣ法，研究人胎儿脊髓神经肽Ｙ样神经元的发育和分布。结果在胎龄第１０周，发现脊髓后角浅层（ＲｅｘｔｄⅠ、Ⅱ层）已有神经肽Ｙ样免疫阳性神经元胞体存在，且阳性神经元总数随胎龄的增加而递增，并向后角深层（ＲｅｘｅｄⅢ～Ⅳ层）扩展神经肽Ｙ样阳性纤维，在胎龄第１０周，不仅出现于脊髓的灰质和白质，而且见于脊髓的被膜。随胎龄的增长，免疫阳性反应纤维相对集中于脊髓的植物性神经中枢的所在部位，揭示在妊娠早期，神经肽Ｙ可能与脊髓植物神经元的发育及其功能的调节有关。     

Characterization of a neurotoxigenic Clostridium butyricum strain isolated from the food implicated in an outbreak of food-borne type E botulism.

Neurotoxigenic Clostridium butyricum was isolated from the food implicated in an outbreak of clinically diagnosed type E botulism in China. PCR assay showed that the isolate (LCL 155) contained the type E botulinum toxin gene. This appears to be the first report of neurotoxigenic C. butyricum causing food-borne botulism.     

NT—3、NT—4和BDNF在面神经逆行转运的动力学比较

OBJECTIVE: To compare the kinetic characters of retrograde transport of neurotrophin-3 (NT-3), neurotrophin-4 (NT-4) and brain-derived neurotrophin factor (BDNF) in facial nerve. METHODS: Radioactive tracer technique was used. After one lateral facial nerve trunk of adult rabbit was transected, a silicone chamber was inserted between the stumps, and 3.7 MBq of 125I-NT-3 or 125I-NT-4 or 125I-BDNF or 125I-HSA was administered into the chamber. At different time-points after injection, the facial nerve trunk and facial nerve motor neurone of brain-stem were collected and the uptake rates were measured. The kinetic parameters of each labeled compound were calculated using 3P87 program of kinetics. RESULTS: The transport amount of neurotrophin retrogradely transported by facial nerve is NT-3 > BDNF > NT-4 (P < 0.05), the transport rate is NT-4 > NT-3 > BDNF (P < 0.05). CONCLUSION: The findings could serve as the kinetic characters of retrograde transport of neurotrophins.     

99mTc-Q3与201Tl在不同流量冠脉灌注的离体兔心肌中的清除及存留特性研究

目的　探讨不同流量冠脉灌注的离体兔心肌对 99m Tc- Q3和 2 0 1 Tl的清除及存留特性 ,进一步揭示 99m Tc- Q3和 2 0 1 Tl在不同流量冠脉灌注的离体兔心肌中的摄取、清除及存留量之间的关系。方法　选用 2 0只新西兰大白兔 ,于麻醉下开胸 ,摘取心脏 ,建立离体兔心脏灌流模型。采用双核素法进行离体兔心脏灌注。结果　心肌对 2 0 1 Tl的净摄取值大于 99m Tc- Q3,但其改变受血流灌注量影响也比 99m Tc- Q3更明显。高流量灌注组 ,注射示踪剂后4～ 2 5分钟内 ,2 0 1 Tl的清除比 99m Tc- Q3清除更快 ;低流量灌注组 ,注射示踪剂后 40分钟内 2 0 1 Tl清除比 99m Tc- Q3快。高流量灌流组中观察到的 2 0 1 Tl早期快速清除现象在低流量灌注组中未出现 ,而 99m Tc- Q3在两组中均未见早期快速清除。结论　由于 2 0 1 Tl的清除比 99m Tc- Q3清除更快 ,其较高摄取的优势在药物注射后 10分钟时已完全丧失 ,故 99m Tc- Q3仍不失为一种优良的心肌灌注显像剂 ,值得进一步研究。     

箝式取栓治疗颅内大血管栓塞的体外模型

临床研究显示,与传统支架取栓(CSRT)比较,箝式取栓(TCET)可降低术中栓子碎裂逃逸概率,提高取栓成功率[1]。本实验旨在探讨TCET取栓机制并与CSRT比较取栓术中栓子逃逸情况。     

Emergency surgery comparison of right versus left acute colonic diverticulitis: A 10-year outcome analysis

IntroductionThe difference in outcome between right (RCD) and left colonic diverticulitis (LCD) is not well established. The aim of this study was to analyse the presentation and surgical outcome of RCD versus left-sided disease following emergency surgery.MethodWe conducted a retrospective review of patients presenting with acute diverticulitis over a 10-year period from 2004 to 2014 to a tertiary unit. Patient demographics, Hinchey classification, need for emergency surgery, perioperative outcome and recurrence were evaluated.ResultsIn total 360 patients presented with acute diverticulitis, 218 (61%) were right-sided and 142 (39%) were left-sided. The mean age (57 yrs vs 68 yrs) and median length of stay (4 days vs 5 days) were significantly less in RCD (p < 0.001). The need for emergency surgery was similar between RCD and LCD (30.7% vs 23.2%, p = 0.12). Sixty-seven (31%) patients with RCD required emergency surgery, 42 (62.7%) of these were based on a presumptive diagnosis of appendicitis and underwent laparoscopic appendicectomy only. Operative morbidity (10.4% vs 51.5%, p < 0.001) and mortality were significantly higher in LCD (1.5% v 15.2%, p = 0.007). Subgroup analysis of non-appendicectomy, RCD patients, showed LCD were more likely to require surgery (11.5% vs 23.2%, p = 0.003). There was no difference in recurrence (p = 0.6).ConclusionRight colonic diverticulitis patients are younger and disease course is more benign compared to LCD. Presentation can be confused with appendicitis without proper imaging. In the rare cases where emergency surgery is required, RCD is associated with a lower operative morbidity and mortality compared to left-sided disease.     

四川省新型冠状肺炎是否共病基础疾病患者的流行病学特征比较

目的 分析四川省新型冠状病毒肺炎患者的流行病学特征,比较是否共病基础疾病患者的流行病学特征差异。方法 对截至2020年3月1日传染病监测系统中报告的四川省确诊病例开展流行病学调查,描述疫情的总体流行特征,将患者分为合并及未合并基础疾病组,分析比较两组的流行病学特征。结果 共纳入确诊患者538例,其中合并基础疾病组175例。合并组前五位均为慢性基础疾病,分别为高血压、糖尿病、慢性肝病、慢性肺炎及慢阻肺和心脑血管疾病。与非基础疾病的患者相比,具有基础疾病的患者平均年龄更大（t = 2.823,P = 0.031）,出现肌痛、腹泻或其他胃肠道症状的比例更高（P＜0.05）,重症和危重症比例更高（Z = 2.682,P = 0.007）,平均住院时间更长（U = 5.532,P = 0.021）,病死率更高（χ2 = 6.258,P＜0.05）,但在性别、临床症状（发烧、干咳和肺炎）、发病到确诊时间、症状持续时间和病例来源无统计学差异（P＞0.05）。从职业分布来看,农民、家务及待业者占比最多,患基础性疾病的比例更高（P＜0.05）。结论 高血压病、糖尿病等慢性基础疾病可能为新型冠状病毒肺炎的易感因素,合并基础疾病的患者重症及危重症患者比例更高,平均住院时间更长。农民、家务及待业者二类职业人群应给与更多关注。     

人α2a干扰素酵母工程菌高产培养条件的研究

研究了摇瓶培养条件对人α2 a干扰素酵母工程菌生长及表达的影响 ,结果表明 ,当基础料中腺嘌呤含量为 2 0 μg/m L,在发酵进行至 1 2 h时再加入 2 0 μg/m L腺嘌呤时 ,IFN- α2 a生物活性及比活分别达到 7.3× 1 0 6IU/m L及 6.77× 1 0 7IU/mg。发酵过程中后期补入适量萄萄糖 ,且维持低糖水平 ,有利表达。维持总碳源含量不变 ,使培养基中葡萄糖与蔗糖的比例为 1∶ 0 .1 ,结果 IFN-α2 a生物活性及比活分别比对照增加了一倍以上。在发酵进行至 1 2 h时 ,加入 2 g/L谷氨酸 ,IFN-α2 a生物活性及比活分别比对照提高了 1 .76倍及 1 .94倍 ,而添加 0 .2 5～ 1 .0 g/L赖氨酸也能显著提高表达水平。培养基初始 p H对产物表达有较大影响 ,初始 p H为 6.5时 ,对表达最有利。利用上述摇瓶培养优化条件 ,在 2 .6L生物反应器中进行补料分批培养 ,人 α2 a干扰素生物活性达到 1 .3×1 0 7IU/m L ,为原工艺的 3倍。     

99mTc-DTPA气溶胶显像测定呼吸道粘液纤毛清除功能

为进一步研究呼吸道疾病时的粘液纤毛清除功能,采用99mTc-DTPA气溶胶吸入显像,通过电影显示定性和定量指标分析.对18 例健康受试者和患者进行了显像研究,得到气道清除率和粘液纤毛清除率的正常值,并观察了32例慢性阻塞性肺病(COPD)患者气管-支气管纤毛清除功能的改变.结果显示,健康受试者与COPD患者粘液纤毛清除率(mm/min)分别为3.89±0.92和1.32±0.59,两者比较有显著性差异(P＜0.01),COPD患者不同时间气道清除率和粘液纤毛清除率均明显低于健康受试者(P＜0.01).本研究方法简便客观,具有定性观察和定量分析的优点,对于呼吸系统其它疾病(如支气管扩张、原发性纤毛无运动)的研究及药物疗效的评价具有重要的临床实用价值.