Isolation and characterization of "Pseudomonas andersonii" from four cases of pulmonary granulomas and emended species description

"Pseudomonas andersonii" is a Gram-negative bacillus initially isolated from a granulomatous lung lesion. Novel species status has not been validated for this single strain. We report four additional cases of pulmonary granuloma involving P. andersonii and further characterize the organism. These patients had pulmonary nodules that were surgically resected and which grew P. andersonii on routine culture. Mycobacterium avium complex was concomitantly isolated in two cases, and fungal structures were identified histopathologically in two other cases. The five P. andersonii strains described to date were similar in growth characteristics, biochemical reactions, matrix-assisted laser desorption ionization-time of flight mass spectrometry protein profiles, and susceptibility to antimicrobial agents. Their 16S rRNA genes were 99.9 to 100% identical but less than 95.0% similar to those of all other known bacteria. The gyrA genes of these strains were 99.5 to 100% identical. These shared features illustrate P. andersonii as a unique and distinct bacterium and support the novel species status of the organism.     

C-erbB-2、ER、PR在子宫内膜癌中的表达及其临床意义

目的：通过癌因子（C-erbB-2）和雌孕激素受体（ER、PR）表达水平的检测分析，探讨其表达水平与子宫内膜癌发生、发展的关系。方法：对30例正常内膜、30例不典型增生、76例子宫内膜癌手术标本常规进行病理检查，采用免疫组化法进行标记。结果：C-erbB-2在子宫内膜不典型增生中出现了过度表达，子宫内膜癌表达率为76．3％，且C-erbB-2的表达与子宫内膜癌的病理分级和病理类型有关（P〈0．01，P〈0．05）。ER、PR在正常内膜中高表达，在子宫内膜不典型增生及子宫内膜癌中表达率下降，且与分级和病理类型有关（P〈0．01，P〈0．05）。C-erbB-2的表达与ER呈负相关。结论：C-erbB-2基因在子宫内膜癌发生发展中具有重要意义，是评价子宫内膜癌预后的指标。     

CRISPR-Cas基因编辑技术在泌尿系统肿瘤研究中的应用

基于成簇规律间隔短回文重复系统(clustered regularly interspaced short palindromic repeat-clustered regularly interspaced short palindromic repeats associated system, CRISPR-Cas)的基因编辑技术是一种新兴的基因编辑技术, 它能精准完成外源DNA的识别与编辑,为基因工程提供了革命性的分子工具。CRIPSR-Cas 基因编辑技术具有操作简便、易于设计等特点,将其运用于泌尿系统肿瘤研究中,可为泌尿系肿瘤相关基因的功能学研究提供新方法,进而更好地服务临床诊疗。本文将对CRISPRCas基因编辑技术分子结构与工作原理、在泌尿系肿瘤研究中的应用现状、最新进展及存在的问题进行综述。     

The utility of cMet as a diagnostic tissue biomarker in primary colorectal cancer

The transmembrane protein, cMet, is thought to be overexpressed and activated in colorectal cancer (CRC). This study explored its potential as a diagnostic tissue biomarker for CRC in a large human CRC tissue collection obtained from a randomized clinical trial.Tissue microarrays of matched normal colorectal epithelium and primary cancer were prepared from specimens obtained from 280 patients recruited to the MRC CLASICC trial (ISRCTN 74883561) and interrogated using immunohistochemistry for cMet expression. The distribution and intensity of immunopositivity was graded using a validated, semiquantifiable score, and differences in median scores analysed using the Wilcoxon signedrank test. A receiver operating characteristic (ROC) curve was plotted to measure the diagnostic accuracy of cMet as a biomarker in CRC.Epithelial cell membrane expression of cMet differed significantly between CRC and normal colorectal tissue: median 12.00 (Interquartile range (IQR) 615) versus median 6.00 (IQR 2.7012.00) respectively (P=<.0001). ROCAUC analysis of cMet expression yielded a CRC diagnostic probability of 0.66 (95% CI: 0.61 to 0.70; P<.0001). A score of 14.50 showed high specificity at 85.32% (95% CI 80.33%89.45%) but sensitivity of only 30.92% (CI 25.37%36.90%).Thus cMet is consistently overexpressed in human CRC as compared to normal colorectal epithelium tissue. cMet expression may have a role in diagnosis and prognostication if combined with other biomarkers.     

Lutein/zeaxanthin isomers regulate neurotrophic factors and synaptic plasticity in trained rats

Background/aim This study was conducted to elucidate the effects of lutein/zeaxanthin isomers (L/Zi) on lipid metabolism, oxidative stress, NF-κB/Nrf2 pathways, and synaptic plasticity proteins in trained rats.Materials and methods Wistar rats were distributed into four groups: 1) control, 2) L/Zi: rats received L/Zi at the dose of 100 mg/kg by oral gavage, 3) exercise, 4) exercise+L/Zi: rats exercised and received L/Zi (100 mg/kg) by oral gavage. The duration of the study was eight weeks. Results Exercise combined with L/Zi reduced lipid peroxidation and improved antioxidant enzyme activities of muscle and cerebral cortex in rats (p < 0.001). In the Exercise + L/Zi group, muscle and cerebral cortex Nrf2 and HO-1 levels increased, while NF-κB levels decreased (p <0.001). Also, L/Zi improved BDNF, synapsin I, SYP, and GAP-43 levels of the cerebral cortex of trained rats (p < 0.001). The highest levels of BDNF, synapsin SYP, and GAP-43 in the cerebral cortex were determined in the Exercise+L/Zi group.Conclusion These results suggested that exercise combined with L/Zi supplementation might be effective to reduce neurodegeneration via improving neurotrophic factors and synaptic proteins, and oxidative capacity in the cerebral cortex.