Study on College Students' Implicit AI truism with Different Experiment Material

目的 考察大学生内隐利他倾向的存在性及其与外显利他的关系.方法 采用自行修订的Rushton编制的《利他精神自陈量表》及图片—词汇联结和词汇—词汇联结的内隐联想测验进行研究.结果 ①内隐图片—词汇联结实验的相容反应时与不相容反应时差异显著(t=-12.55),内隐词汇一词汇联结实验的结果也存在显著差异(t=-10.04);②内隐利他与外显利他行为无相关,不同实验材料的内隐实验IAT效应值存在显著相关(r=0.43,P＜0.01)；③内隐利他和外显利他在性别上差异均不显著.结论 利他行为内隐倾向存在且稳定;利他行为的内隐倾向与外显行为相分高,并且男女生的利他行为不存在显著差异.     

链霉素缓释复合降解膜植入损伤肌腱局部腱周结缔组织的变化

背景:国内外学者曾用生物、非生物及药物等方法,诸如生物膜、透明质酸钠、纤维素密封胶等材料进行大量肌腱修复防粘连研究,但到目前为止尚未取得突破性进展。目的:观察肌腱损伤局部植入链霉素复合降解膜后腱周结缔组织的增生。方法:切断SD大鼠跟腱后,随机数字表法分为3组,分别在肌腱断端缝合处植入链霉素复合缓释降解膜、维生素C复合缓释降解膜、空白缓释降解膜。术后90d行肌腱损伤局部组织学观察、羟脯氨酸含量和生物力学指标检测。结果与结论:链霉素复合缓释降解膜组肌腱缝合处内部的成纤维细胞、胶原纤维均较其腱周围、维生素C复合缓释降解膜组、空白缓释降解膜组多;腱缝合处肌腱周围多为正常结构的疏松结缔组织,很少有增生的结缔组织长入肌腱内部;肌腱与周围组织分界清晰,最大抗拉强度、羟脯氨酸含量明显优于其他两组。表明链霉素复合缓释降解膜通过抑制腱周结缔组织增生,防止腱周结缔组织增生长入腱内,从而减轻或防止粘连形成。     

Comparative Evaluation of Two Hemagglutinating Encephalomyelitis Coronavirus Vaccine Candidates in Mice

Porcine hemagglutinating encephalomyelitis (PHE) is caused by the coronavirus hemagglutinating encephalomyelitis virus (PHE-CoV), and the recent, rapid spread of PHE-CoV in piglets from many countries emphasizes the urgent need for a PHE-CoV vaccine. Here we use a murine model for evaluation of the induction of humoral and cellular immune responses by inactivated and PHE-CoV DNA vaccines in order to define the immune correlates for protection against PHE-CoV. The inactivated vaccine was composed of purified PHE-CoV and aluminum hydroxide gel (alum), which was chosen as an adjuvant because of its long history of safety for human use. The PHE-CoV DNA vaccine was constructed by subcloning the S1 gene of PHE-CoV into the pVAX1 vector to create the recombinant plasmid pV-S1. Our results showed that the inactivated PHE-CoV vaccine (IPV) elicited a high level of humoral immunity, resulting in good protection efficacy against PHE-CoV challenge. The IPV induced the IgG1 subclass of serum antibodies and expression of the cytokine interleukin-4 (IL-4), suggesting that the IPV generated a predominantly Th2-type immune response. The DNA vaccine was found to mediate primarily a cellular immune response with high levels of IgG2a and the cytokines IL-2 and gamma interferon (IFN-γ). However, mice that were vaccinated twice with the DNA vaccine and boosted with the IPV could mount a sufficient neutralizing antibody response against live PHE-CoV, with little variation in IgG1 and IgG2a levels, and showed high levels of IL-2 and IL-4. This response may activate both B and T cells to mount a specific humoral and cellular immune response that could, in turn, elicit a phagocyte-mediated defense against PHE-CoV infections to achieve viral clearance.     

Bufalin,a bufanolide steroid from the parotoid glands of the Chinese toad,inhibits L‐type Ca2+ channels and contractility in rat ventricular myocytes

Bufalin is a bufanolide steroid compound in Chan Su. Chan Su is a traditional Chinese medicine prepared from the dried white secretion of the auricular and skin glands of toads and has been used as an oriental drug. However, the effect of bufalin on cardiac function and its underlying cellular mechanisms remain unclear. Here, we explore the cellular mechanisms of bufalin on myocardial protection via the whole‐cell patch‐clamp recording and video‐based edge detection system. Exposure to bufalin resulted in a concentration‐dependent blockade of I_Ca‐L, with the half‐maximal inhibitory concentration (IC₅₀) of 60 μm and the maximal inhibitory effect of 71.50 ± 2.67%. Bufalin at 100 μm reduced cell shortening by 33.83 ± 4.01%. Bufalin restrained L‐type Ca²⁺ channels conductance, and contractility in rat ventricular myocytes. Thus, the protective effects of bufalin on the heart may be determined by the inhibitory effect on I_Ca‐L and the negative inotropic action caused by the decrease of intracellular Ca²⁺ in rat myocardial cells.     

Erratum: Correction of Nomenclature of Mutations

[This corrects the article on p. 1111 in vol. 26, PMID: 21860566.].     

PDCA循环在减少药品调剂差错中的应用

目的:通过对产生药房调剂差错原因的分析,找到减少调剂差错的方法。方法:采用美国著名的质量管理专家戴明(W.E.Deming)博士于20世纪50年代初提出的PDCA循环来总结归纳造成调剂差错的主要原因,并寻求可能减少差错的措施。对比采用措施前后一个月内的差错数,来验证措施是否行之有效。PDCA循环,是英文计划(Plan)、实施(Do)、检查(Check)和处理(Action)的缩写。PDCA循环理论最早应用于企业管理,取得了良好的效果,被管理界公认为有效的管理方法之一。结果:比较两个月的调剂差错数量,差错发生件数从290起下降到154起,下降了46.7%。结论:为减少调剂差错数量所采取的措施是行之有效、可采用的。     

Selective Estrogen Receptor Modulation by Larrea nitida on MCF-7 Cell Proliferation and Immature Rat Uterus

Larrea nitida is a plant that belongs to the Zygophyllaceae family and is widely used in South America to treat inflammatory diseases, tumors and menstrual pain. However, its pharmacological activity remains unclear. In this study we evaluated the property of selective estrogen receptor modulator (SERM) of Larrea nitida extracts (LNE) as a phytoestrogen that can mimic, modulate or disrupt the actions of endogenous estrogens, depending on the tissue and relative amount of other SERMs. To investigate the property of SERM of LNE, we performed MCF-7 cell proliferation assays, estrogen response element (ERE)-luciferase reporter gene assay, human estrogen receptor (hER) binding assays and in vivo uterotrophic assay. To gain insight into the active principles, we performed a bioassay-guided analysis of LNE employing solvents of various polarities and using classical column chromatography, which yielded 16 fractions (LNs). LNE showed high binding affinities for hERα and hERβ with IC₅₀ values of 1.20 ×10⁻⁷ g/ml and 1.00×10⁻⁷ g/ml, respectively. LNE induced 17β-estradiol (E2)-induced MCF-7 cell proliferation, however, it reduced the proliferation in the presence of E2. Furthermore, LNE had an atrophic effect in the uterus of immature rats through reducing the expression level of progesterone receptor (PR) proteins. LN08 and LN10 had more potent affinities for binding on hER α and β than other fractions. Our results indicate that LNE had higher binding affinities for hERβ than hERα, and showed SERM properties in MCF-7 breast cancer cells and the rat uterus. LNE may be useful for the treatment of estrogen-related conditions, such as female cancers and menopause.