Comparative morphological study on the lingual papillae and their connective tissue cores (CTC) in reeves’ muntjac deer (Muntiacus reevesi)

The lingual papillae and their connective tissue cores (CTC) from Reeves’ muntjac deers (herbivorous artiodactyla) were studied using light and scanning electron microscopy and then compared to those of other mammalian species. At the posterior portion of the tongue, the Reeves’ muntjac has a lingual prominence on which large conical papillae are distributed. On the dorsal surface of the anterior tongue, numerous filiform papillae were found. Externally, each filiform papilla consists of a rod-shaped main process and several small accessory processes. Their CTCs consist of 10 or more rod-shaped processes arranged in a horseshoe pattern and several posterior processes forming a small circular pattern. This structure is a common characteristic of artiodactyla, through which Reeves’ muntjac deer can be categorized in a position in the artiodactyla class lying between the bighorn sheep and the East African bongo. Fungiform papillae are distributed among the filiform papillae on the anterior portion of the tongue. Large fungiform papillae are also sparsely distributed on the lingual prominence and have several taste buds in the epithelium on the surface. Ten or more vallate papillae are distributed at the postero-lateral area of the lingual prominence and numerous taste buds are distributed in the epithelium of their side.     

日本血吸虫多价DNA疫苗pBK-Sj26(Sj32)-Sj23免疫效果的观察

为了观察血吸虫病多价DNA疫苗的保护力,将小鼠分成5组空白对照组、空质粒对照组、单价抗原DNA疫苗pBK-CMV-Sj23组、多价抗原DNA疫苗pBK-CMV-Sj26-Sj23和pBK-CMV-Sj32-Sj23组.大量提取各组质粒DNA后,各组于0、3、5周在BALB/c小鼠股四头肌注射相应质粒DNA,9周用血吸虫尾蚴攻击感染,15周剖杀小鼠计算减虫率及减卵率.结果显示与对照组比较,实验组小鼠减虫率及减卵率有极显著性差异(P<0.01);与单价pBK-CMV-Sj23组比较,多价DNA疫苗组的减虫率及减卵率有显著性差异.提示血吸虫多价DNA疫苗诱导小鼠对血吸虫的保护力优于单价DNA疫苗.     

A new method of primary engineering of esophagus using orthotopic in-body tissue architecture

PurposeTissue engineering of esophagus is required for management of long-gap esophageal atresia (LGEA). Collagenous connective tissue membranes fabricated by in-body tissue architecture (iBTA), called biosheets, can repair esophageal defects and generate tissues similar to native esophagus. However, iBTA requires second-stage surgery because of heterotopic preparation of biosheets. Our aim was to develop orthotopic iBTA for primary engineering of the esophagus by interposing a tubular mold to the esophageal defect.MethodThe cervical esophagus of six rats was transected. An acrylic tube (internal diameter 2.6 mm, length 7.0 mm) was inserted and fixed between the ends of the upper and lower esophagus, and a 3 mm-long esophageal defect was created. Four weeks later, the rats were sacrificed for histological analysis.ResultsPostoperatively the rats could intake liquid food. After four weeks, the esophageal defects were filled with regenerated tissues. Histologically the new esophageal walls stained positive for collagen type I. The inner surfaces were covered with stratified squamous epithelium that expressed pan-cytokeratin. In only one of six rats, regeneration of muscular-like tissue was suggested by positive immunohistochemical staining for desmin.ConclusionOrthotopic iBTA can regenerate a substitute esophagus with esophageal epithelium and collagenous wall. This technique may be a novel treatment for esophageal atresia with gaps of various lengths including LGEA.     

大五人格因素与企业职工工作倦怠的关系

目的:探讨大五人格因素与企业职工工作倦怠的关系。方法:采用工作倦怠问卷(MBI-GS)与大五人格问卷调查了506名某企业职工。结果:分层回归分析的结果显示,在控制了人口统计学变量之后,大五人格因素所解释的工作倦怠的方差变异量,在情绪衰竭、玩世不恭和职业效能三个维度分别为28%、24%和17%。具体而言,宜人性是情绪衰竭、玩世不恭和职业效能的有效预测因子;责任感是玩世不恭和职业效能的有效预测因子;情绪稳定性是情绪衰竭和玩世不恭的有效预测因子;而外向性和开放性两个维度对工作倦怠的预测作用均未达到显著水平。结论:大五人格因素能够有效预测企业职工的工作倦怠。     

组织干预对西藏高原护士工作倦怠的影响

目的：分析组织公平对护士工作倦怠的影响，并在此基础上制定和实施组织干预措施，为预防和矫治西藏高原地区护士工作倦怠提供理论依据和实践指导。方法：对某军区下属的三所总医院的临床女性护士（均为非管理人员）309例采用马氏倦怠感通用量表和组织公平量表进行调查．以获得工作倦怠与组织公平的相互关系。对西藏军区总医院的临床女性护士（均为非管理人员）108例（含干预组54例、对照组54例）在实施组织干预措施半年后采用马氏倦怠感通用量表和组织公平量表进行调查，以检测组织干预措施对提高组织公平感和改善工作倦怠感的实效性。结果：分配公平会影响护士的情绪衰竭和玩世不恭，程序公平会影响成就感降低。组织干预措施可以提高护十的组织公平感和降低工作倦怠感．结论：通过实施组织干预措施可以预防和降低护士的工作倦怠感。     

程序公平对工作满意度、组织承诺的影响:工作不安全感的中介作用

目的:探讨程序公平对工作满意度、组织承诺的影响以及工作不安全感在其中的中介作用。方法:对来自国内某大型国营企业592名员工的关于程序公平、工作满意度、组织承诺和工作不安全感的问卷调查数据进行中介回归分析(Mediatingregressionanalysis)。结果:①程序公平和员工的工作满意度、组织承诺存在显著的正向关系,而和其工作不安全感之间存在显著的负向关系;②工作不安全感部分中介程序公平对整体工作满意度和组织承诺的影响。结论:通过改善程序公平,可以减少员工的工作不安全感,并进而增强其工作满意度和组织承诺。     

Nutrient-induced thermogenesis (NIT) following amino acid infusion

Nutrient-induced thermogenesis (NIT) induced by parenteral infusion of amino acid (AA) mixtures of different composition and of the same AA mixtures given via different routes (parenteral or intraportal infusion) were investigated in rats using a small animal indirect calorimeter. When 8 different AA solutions of differing composition but with the same total concentration were infused parenterally, both standard NIT (each AA is assumed to generate 3.28 kcal/g) and specific NIT (heat energy of each AA is calculated assuming that it is oxidized to carbon dioxide and water, and metabolised to urea and sulphuric acid) values of the leucine (Leu)-rich and the glycine (Gly)-rich solutions were significantly greater than those of the control solution. Removal of Leu or Gly from the respective AA solutions reversed the increase of both NIT values down to control levels. When the parenteral and portal infusion routes were used in one rat, both NIT values for parenteral infusion of the Leu-rich solution were again significantly greater than those of the control. Likewise, both NIT values for intrportal infusion of the Leu-rich solution were also significantly greater than those of the control. However, no difference in NIT values was found between parenteral and portal infusion of either solution. The result of this study indicated that Leu and Gly may be thermogenic AAs, and the thermogenic effect of Leu is not dependent upon the route of infusion.     

中药有效成分研究与复方新药开发

１０００００首方剂是开发中药复方新药的宝库。１２７７２种中药及其复方中的有效成分是开发中药复方新药的基础。逆向思维、利用文献、研究有效成分动态变化和综合作用是开发中药复方新药的几种途径