坐骨棘筋膜固定术的临床解剖学研究

Objective The study was to explore the safety, firmness and convenience of the fascia around the ischial spine as a new fixation site for the vaginal fornix. Methods Between June 2007 and January 2008, detailed dissections and related measurements of the regions around the ischial spine were performed on 10 Chinese female cadavers (3 unembalmed and 7 embalmed cadavers). At the same time, the sacrospinous ligament,the fascia on the ischial spine, the iliococcygeus fascia as well as the vaginal fornix were exposed and the pull-out strength sequentially tested using a digital push-pull force gauge. Results The fascia on the ischial spine was firm and strong, with a thickness of 3 about mm. No major vessels or nerves were observed on the ischial spine. The greatest pullout strengths of the sacrospinous ligament,the fascia on the ischial spine, the iliococcygeus fascia as well as the vaginal fornix were (102±26),(64±15),(33±8)and(32±6)N, respectively. Conclusion The fascia at 1 cm from anterior lateral ischial spine, free of major vessels and nerves, is safe and strong and could be used as a new site for suspension in vaginal prolapse.     

HPLC-ELSD法测定黄花蒿提取物中青蒿素

目的建立HPLC-ELSD法对黄花蒿提取物中青蒿素的测定方法。方法采用HPLC-ELSD法。色谱柱:Inerts il ODS-3(150 mm×4.6 mm,5μm);流动相为乙腈-水(69∶31,用三氟醋酸调pH至3);体积流量:1.0 mL/m in;检测器漂移管温度:45℃;载气体积流量:1.0 L/m in;分流:开;柱温:25℃。结果青蒿素在0.589 3~5.893 5m g/mL时面积的常用对数值与其质量浓度的常用对数值线性关系良好(r=0.989);样品平均回收率为98.71%(RSD为0.42%,n=6)。结论该方法灵敏、准确可靠,可作为黄花蒿提取物中青蒿素的定量方法。     

Expression of cytochrome p450 and other biotransformation genes in fetal and adult human nasal mucosa.

Despite recent progress in the identification and characterization of numerous nasal biotransformation enzymes in laboratory animals, the expression of biotransformation genes in human nasal mucosa remains difficult to study. Given the potential role of nasal biotransformation enzymes in the metabolism of airborne chemicals, including fragrance compounds and therapeutic agents, as well as the potential interspecies differences between laboratory animals and humans, it would be highly desirable to identify those biotransformation genes that are expressed in human nasal mucosa. In this study, a global gene expression analysis was performed to compare biotransformation enzymes expressed in human fetal and adult nasal mucosa to those expressed in liver. The identities of a list of biotransformation genes with apparently nasal mucosa-selective expression were subsequently confirmed by RNA-polymerase chain reaction (PCR) and DNA sequencing of the PCR products. Further quantitative RNA-PCR experiments indicated that, in the fetus, aldehyde dehydrogenase 6 (ALDH6), CYP1B1, CYP2F1, CYP4B1, and UDP glucuronosyltransferase 2A1 are expressed preferentially in the nasal mucosa and that ALDH7, flavin-containing monooxygenase 1, and glutathione S-transferase P1 are at least as abundant in the nasal mucosa as in the liver. The nasal mucosal expression of CYP2E1 was also detected. These findings provide a basis for further explorations of the metabolic capacity of the human nasal mucosa for xenobiotic compounds.     

小承气汤、厚朴大黄汤及厚朴三物汤药理作用

目的:研究组成药物相同、但配比不同的三方:小承气汤、厚朴大黄汤及厚朴三物汤的药理作用差异,为其临床不同应用提供依据.方法:采用炭末推进、黑便排出、氨水引咳、酚红分泌等理气、泻下及止咳化痰等有关实验.结果:三方大剂量均显著增加炭末在小肠推进距离,小剂量时仅厚朴三物汤有效且与小承气汤差异显著;三方大剂量均显著缩短小鼠出现黑便时间,增加6h内黑便排出总量,小剂量时小承气汤、厚朴大黄汤即呈现明显泻下作用,厚朴三物汤无效;厚朴大黄汤明显延长小鼠咳嗽潜伏期,减少咳嗽次数,并显著促进小鼠气管酚红排泌,而其它两方作用不明显.结论:小承气汤泻下作用较强,厚朴三物汤理气效果较好,厚朴大黄汤止咳化痰作用明显.     

抑制TNFR/RIPK信号通路对神经细胞凋亡的影响及机制研究

【摘要】 目的 研究抑制TNFR/RIPK信号通路对急性脊髓损伤（ASCI）大鼠神经细胞凋亡的影响及作用机制。方法 160只雄性SD大鼠,随机分为空白对照组、假手术组、模型组、Nec 1组,每组又根据时间点分为12h、24h、3d、7d四个亚组。采用动脉夹钳夹法制作ASCI模型,空白对照组不做任何处理,假手术组仅暴露脊髓,不损伤脊髓,模型组和Nec 1组用动脉瘤夹脊髓全横截面1min,缝合伤口。空白对照组、假手术组和模型组注射给予生理盐水,Nec 1组注射坏死性凋亡抑制剂Necrostain 1（Nec 1）溶液1μl/kg,1次/d,分别给药12h、24h、3d、7d。给药后以BBB评分对各组大鼠后肢神经功能恢复情况进行评分,完成评分后,取10只给药7d的大鼠脊髓,进行HE染色、Nissl染色、碘化丙啶（PI）染色、Tunel染色;另取10只给药7d的大鼠,取脊髓,用Western Blot检测RIP1、RIP3、Bcl 2蛋白表达情况。结果 模型组和Nec 1组各时间点的BBB评分均显著低于空白对照组和假手术组（P＜005）,Nec 1组各时间点的BBB评分显著高于模型组（P＜005）。造模7d后,模型组脊髓出现坏死、空洞现象,大量炎性细胞浸润,坏死区域面积显著高于假手术组（P＜005）;尼氏体呈细颗粒状,神经元数量减少、染色浅、排列无序,坏死性凋亡细胞较多;PI红染细胞、Tunel阳性细胞数、凋亡小体数量,以及RIPK1、RIPK3、Bcl 2蛋白表达水平显著多于假手术组（P＜005）。给予Nec 1治疗7d后,Nec 1组脊髓坏死组织较模型组少,空洞现象得到改善,炎性细胞浸润现象好转,Nec 1组坏死区域面积显著低于空白对照组和假手术组（P＜005）;尼氏体着色的神经元细胞染色较深,颗粒变粗,存活神经元数量显著高于模型组（P＜005）;PI红染细胞数、凋亡小体数,以及RIPK1、RIPK3蛋白表达水平显著少于模型组（P＜005）,Bcl 2蛋白表达水平显著高于模型组（P＜005）。结论 坏死性凋亡抑制剂Nec 1能通过抑制TNFR/RIPK信号通路,下调RIPK1、RIPK3、上调Bcl 2的表达来缩小ASCI损伤面积,缓解炎症浸润,减少损伤周围神经元数量,改善神经元功能,提高损伤神经元及胶质细胞存活率,改善大鼠BBB评分,抑制坏死性凋亡。     

Hesperidin Suppresses Ovalbumin-Induced Airway Inflammation in a Mouse Allergic Asthma Model

Hesperidin, a flavanone glycoside comprised of the flavanone hesperetin and the disaccharide rutinose, is a plentiful and inexpensive by-product of citrus cultivation. It has been reported to exert a wide range of pharmacological effects that include antioxidant, anti-inflammatory, and anticarcinogenic properties. In this study, we attempt to determine whether hesperidin inhibits inflammatory mediators in the mouse allergic asthma model. Mice were sensitized and challenged by ovalbumin (OVA) to induce chronic airway inflammation and airway remodeling. The administration of hesperidin significantly decreased the number of infiltrating inflammatory cells and Th2 cytokines in bronchoalveolar lavage (BAL) fluid compared with the OVA-induced group of mice. In addition, hesperidin reduced OVA-specific IgE levels in serum. Hesperidin markedly alleviated the OVA-induced airway hyperresponsiveness (AHR) to inhaled methacholine. Based on lung histopathological studies using hematoxylin and eosin and alcian blue-periodic acid-Schiff staining, hesperidin inhibited inflammatory cell infiltration and mucus hypersecretion compared with the OVA-induced group of mice. These findings provide new insight into the immunopharmacological role of hesperidin in terms of its effects in a murine model of asthma.     

初创社科类英文学术期刊国际影响力提升的探索与实践——以Financial Innovation为例

【目的】 探讨如何在稿源欠缺、显示度低、参与度差的情况下快速有效提升我国初创社科类英文学术期刊的国际影响力。【方法】 结合数据统计分析,结合《金融创新》(Financial Innovation)实际案例,归纳初创英文学术期刊提升国际影响力的途径及方法。【结果】 《金融创新》创刊5年中,跨越式实现从无到有,再到进入SSCI检索并进入学科Q1分区的进步。【结论】 前沿专刊筹措、邮件精准推广、期刊数据库挖掘是初创英文学术期刊在有限资源下取得突破、提升国际影响力的重要路径。     

现实主义综述在护理领域的应用进展

介绍现实主义综述的定义、哲学基础和实施步骤，以及该方法学在护理领域的研究范围、应用现状及优势和不足，旨在提高护理研究者对现实主义综述的认识，为开展现实主义的护理相关研究提供思路。     

现行论文作者署名制度存在的问题及对策建议

【目的】 梳理归纳现行论文作者署名制度存在的主要问题并提出相应的对策。【方法】 采用网络调查法、文献调研法,从科技期刊、科研管理机构、资助机构及研究人员等视角对现行论文作者署名制度进行分析。【结果】 作者署名制度存在作者身份标准缺乏统一性、作者贡献揭示程度低、未能涵盖所有的贡献角色等问题,可以从建立通用的作者身份标准、采用CRediT贡献分类法、与ORCID建立关联、建立健全科研评价指标体系四个方面进行补充完善。【结论】 提高作者贡献的透明性和可获取性,为研究人员的职称评定、绩效考核、项目申请等提供基于具体贡献的评价指标。