Expression of type Ⅰ interferon in monocyte-derived dendritic cells after Toll like receptor 3 triggered in patients with chronic hepatitis B

Objective To detect the expression of type Ⅰ interferon in monocyte-derived dendritic cells(MoDCs)after Toll like receptor(TLR)3 triggered in patients with chronic hepatitis B(CHB),and to evaluate immune responses of CHB patients and its roles in the mechanisms of persistent infection of hepatitis B virus(HBV)and chronicity of hepatitis.Methods Peripheral blood mononuclear cells(PBMCs)were isolated and purified using magnetic beads(plasma was saved simultaneously)from 26 CHB patients and 18 healthy volunteers(HV).Dendritic cells(DCs)were induced and proliferated in a culture medium with recombinant human granulocyte macrophage colony stimulating factor(rhGM-CSF)and recombinant human interleukin(rhIL-4).EX3s were stimulated with Poly Ⅰ:C and the supernatants were collected at 0 h and 24 h after stimulation.Type Ⅰ interferon(IFN-α and IFN-β)in plasma and supernatants were examined by enzyme linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA).Results The levels of type Ⅰ interferon in plasma were not significantly different in groups of HV and CH B.IFN-α and IFN-β expressions in supernatants before Poly Ⅰ:C stimulation were(80.00±16.15)ng/L,(36.39±13.90)ng/L in CHB group and(76.76±15.90)ng/L,(37.14±13.68)ng/L in HV group,respectively.And there were no statistical differences between two groups(t=1.651,t=0.178;both P＞0.05).IFN-α expressions in supernatants at 24 h after stimulation in two groups were both higher than those before stimulation(at 0 h),but there were no statistical differences(t=1.534,t=1.243;both P＞0.05).IFN-β expressions in supernatants at 24 h after stimulation in HV group was(54.57±16.80)ng/L,which was significantly higher than that at 0 h(37.14±13.68)ng/L(t=4.061,P＜0.05).However,there was no significant difference at 24 h than tht at 0 h in CHB group(t=1.796,P＞0.05).At 24 h after stimulation.IFN-β level was(54.57±16.80)ng/L in HV group,which was significantly higher than that[(41.64±12.57)ng/L]in CHB group(t=2.921,P＜0.05).Conclusions Functions of MoDCs from CHB patients are impaired and MoDCs could not express type Ⅰ interferon normally.Expression of type Ⅰ interferon after TLR3 triggered in CHB patients is mainly IFN-β.     

E-cadherin and calretinin as immunocytochemical markers to differentiate malignant from benign serous effusions

AIM: To investigate the expressions of E-cadherin and calretinin in exfoliated cells of serous effusions and evaluate their values in distinguishing malignant effusions from benign ones. METHODS: Fresh serous effusion specimens were centrifuged and exfoliated cells were collected. Cells were then processed with a standardized procedure, including paraformaldehyde fixation, BSA-PBS solution washing and smears preparation. E-cadherin and calretinin were detected by immunocytochemistry (ICC). RESULTS: In the exfoliated cells of serous effusions, most of carcinoma cells only expressed E-cadherin, and most of mesothelial cells only expressed calretinin, and benign cells (lymphocytes and granulocytes) did not express either of them. For E-cadherin, 85.7% (30/35) of malignant effusions and 8.1% (3/37) of benign fluids were ICC-positive (P<0.001). The sensitivity of E-cadherin ICC in the diagnosis of malignant effusions was 85.7%, specificity 91.9%, and diagnostic rate 88.9%. For calretinin, 94.6% (35/37) of benign effusions and 11.4% (4/35) of malignant effusions were ICC-positive (P<0.001). The sensitivity of calretinin ICC in the diagnosis of benign effusions was 94.6%, specificity 88.6%, and diagnostic rate 91.7%. For diagnosis of benign and malignant effusions by combining E-cadherin ICC and calretinin ICC, the specificities were up to 100% and 97.1%, respectively. CONCLUSION: E-cadherin ICC and calretinin ICC are sensitive and specific in differential diagnosis of benign and malignant serous effusion specimens and specificities are evidently improved when both markers are combined.     

内镜下取石气囊扩张法治疗胆总管结石

目的　探讨内镜下取石气囊扩张 (EBD)治疗胆总管结石的可能性、有效性及安全性。方法　对 4 7例胆总管结石患者进行了内镜下以取石气囊扩张Oddi括约肌及用气囊、网篮及机械碎石等方法取石治疗。为预防并发胰腺炎 ,术后酌情应用了善得定、鼻胆管引流及十二指肠乳头小切开等措施。结果　本组患者EBD治疗胆总管结石的成功率为 91 5 % ( 4 3 / 4 7)。一次EBD治疗后 4 1例 ( 87 2 % )结石全部取出 ,有 2例 ( 4 3 % )患者经第 2次EBD治疗后将结石全部取出 ,避免了内镜下乳头括约肌切开 (EST)。 4 7例患者中 2 7例 ( 5 7 4 % )结石直径大于 1 0cm ,施行了机械碎石术。 4例 ( 8 5 % )患者因结石太大 (≥ 2 0cm ) ,EBD治疗未成功 ,改行EST取出结石。本组患者无穿孔及出血并发症。 11例 ( 2 3 4 % )术后血清淀粉酶一过性升高 ,其中只有 1例伴有腹痛 ,经内科保守治疗迅速缓解。结论　EBD治疗胆总管结石可行、有效、安全。     

凋亡和凋亡细胞清除在慢性阻塞性肺疾病发病机制的地位

吸烟是导致慢性阻塞性肺疾病（CODP）气道炎症的主要原因，但戒烟并不能减轻气道炎症，且炎症持续存在，疾病进行性发展和恶化。肺内凋亡细胞清除（胞葬作用：Efferocytosis）缺失可能与其有关，这种现象在COPD发生发展起重要作用。专职和非专职吞噬细胞识别凋亡细胞的过程具有抗炎、抗免疫和抗蛋白水解的作用，并诱导维持肺泡细胞生长因子产生和分泌，其功能缺失将导致凋亡细胞清除降低。一旦凋亡细胞识别缺失，这些作用也随之紊乱，这将对COPD发病机制起重要的作用。凋亡细胞清除缺失这一关键问题如何被发现和如何被控制？至今未有答案。     

加味痛泻要方对家兔体外结肠平滑肌的作用

[目的]观察加味痛泻要方对家兔体外结肠平滑肌的作用。[方法]用生理记录仪记录正常及药物致痉孪肠管蠕动曲线,分别加入加味痛泻要方40、80、160 mg/ml,记录用药后兔结肠的蠕动曲线。分别计算给药前、后的抑制率和拮抗率。[结果]加味痛泻要方不仅对正常家兔结肠蠕动呈明显抑制作用,而且对平滑肌兴奋药,包括乙酰胆碱及氯化钡引起的平滑肌痉挛均有明显的对抗作用,具有剂量依赖性。[结论]加味痛泻要方可以很好地改善肠痉挛,对家兔体外结肠平滑肌的非规律性收缩有明显的缓解作用,推测该方可能是通过拮抗乙酰胆碱M受体起作用。     

影响1-羟基-2-氧-1,8-萘啶-3-甲酰胺类HIV整合酶链转移抑制剂抗整合酶链转移活性的主要因素

 目的 探讨影响1-羟基-2-氧-1,8-萘啶-3-甲酰胺类HIV整合酶链转移抑制剂(integrase strand transfer inhibitors, INSTIs)抗整合酶链转移(integrase strand transfer, INST)活性的主要微观结构因素。方法 采用遗传函数逼近法构建了10个1-羟基-2-氧-1,8-萘啶-3-甲酰胺类INSTIs的二维定量构效关系(2d-quantitative structure-activity relationship, 2D-QSAR)模型,从中优选出最优模型,并据此探析影响抑制剂抗INST活性的主要微观结构因素。结果 最优2D-QSAR模型的非交叉验证相关系数R²为0.8555,留一法交叉验证相关系数Q²_loo为0.7761,外部交互验证相关系数R²_ext为0.94,表明所建模型具有较好的统计学意义和稳定性。结论 1-羟基-2-氧-1,8-萘啶-3-甲酰胺类INSTIs的抗INST活性主要与描述符JX、Dipole_mag、Jurs_PNSA_1和Strain_Energy相关,可为抑制剂的进一步合理设计提供理论依据。     

冲击波疗法对训练伤冈上肌肌腱炎的疗效

 目的 探讨冲击波疗法对训练伤所致冈上肌肌腱炎的疗效。方法 回顾性分析武警特色医学中心骨科收治的236例训练伤冈上肌肌腱炎的病例,其中非钙化冈上肌肌腱炎158例(非钙化组),钙化冈上肌肌腱炎78例(钙化组),均行同样参数冲击波治疗,对比两组治疗前,治疗后6、12个月视觉模拟评分(VAS)、Constant肩关节评分。结果 与治疗前相比,治疗后6、12个月,两组VAS评分均明显降低,肩关节Constant评分显增加,差异有统计学意义(P<0.05);且治疗后6、12个月,钙化组与非钙化组比较,VAS评分更低、Constant评分更高,差异有统计学意义(P<0.05)。结论 冲击波疗法能够明显缓解训练伤冈上肌肌腱炎的疼痛症状,提高患侧肩关节功能;且对钙化性冈上肌肌腱炎疗效更好。     

父亲生育年龄与儿童孤独症谱系障碍的相关性北大核心CSCD

目的探讨父亲生育年龄与子代孤独症谱系障碍(autism spectrum disorder,ASD)的相关性。方法该研究为横断面研究,选取2016年8月至2017年3月在广州、佛山、北京、武汉、杭州、重庆的6家医院儿童保健科确诊的71例ASD儿童,以及年龄、性别和母亲生育年龄与ASD儿童匹配的284例正常发育儿童为研究对象。采用自编问卷调查收集社会人口学信息、母亲孕期及分娩等情况,采用logistic回归分析探讨父亲生育年龄与子代ASD发生的相关性。结果控制社会人口学因素、母亲孕期及分娩相关因素后,logistic回归分析显示较大的父亲生育年龄与子代患ASD风险增加显著相关(OR=1.12,95%CI:1.02~1.23,P<0.05)。将父亲生育年龄分组进一步分析,显示父亲生育年龄≥40岁与子代患ASD风险增加显著相关(调整前OR=7.08,95%CI:1.77~28.32,P<0.05;调整后OR=8.50,95%CI:1.71~42.25,P<0.05)。结论父亲生育年龄过大与子代患ASD风险升高显著相关,父亲生育年龄≥40岁为子代患ASD的高危年龄段。[中国当代儿科杂志,2022,24(8):863-868]     

Expression of type Ⅰ interferon in monocyte-derived dendritic cells after Toll like receptor 3 triggered in patients with chronic hepatitis B

Objective To detect the expression of type Ⅰ interferon in monocyte-derived dendritic cells(MoDCs)after Toll like receptor(TLR)3 triggered in patients with chronic hepatitis B(CHB),and to evaluate immune responses of CHB patients and its roles in the mechanisms of persistent infection of hepatitis B virus(HBV)and chronicity of hepatitis.Methods Peripheral blood mononuclear cells(PBMCs)were isolated and purified using magnetic beads(plasma was saved simultaneously)from 26 CHB patients and 18 healthy volunteers(HV).Dendritic cells(DCs)were induced and proliferated in a culture medium with recombinant human granulocyte macrophage colony stimulating factor(rhGM-CSF)and recombinant human interleukin(rhIL-4).EX3s were stimulated with Poly Ⅰ:C and the supernatants were collected at 0 h and 24 h after stimulation.Type Ⅰ interferon(IFN-α and IFN-β)in plasma and supernatants were examined by enzyme linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA).Results The levels of type Ⅰ interferon in plasma were not significantly different in groups of HV and CH B.IFN-α and IFN-β expressions in supernatants before Poly Ⅰ:C stimulation were(80.00±16.15)ng/L,(36.39±13.90)ng/L in CHB group and(76.76±15.90)ng/L,(37.14±13.68)ng/L in HV group,respectively.And there were no statistical differences between two groups(t=1.651,t=0.178;both P＞0.05).IFN-α expressions in supernatants at 24 h after stimulation in two groups were both higher than those before stimulation(at 0 h),but there were no statistical differences(t=1.534,t=1.243;both P＞0.05).IFN-β expressions in supernatants at 24 h after stimulation in HV group was(54.57±16.80)ng/L,which was significantly higher than that at 0 h(37.14±13.68)ng/L(t=4.061,P＜0.05).However,there was no significant difference at 24 h than tht at 0 h in CHB group(t=1.796,P＞0.05).At 24 h after stimulation.IFN-β level was(54.57±16.80)ng/L in HV group,which was significantly higher than that[(41.64±12.57)ng/L]in CHB group(t=2.921,P＜0.05).Conclusions Functions of MoDCs from CHB patients are impaired and MoDCs could not express type Ⅰ interferon normally.Expression of type Ⅰ interferon after TLR3 triggered in CHB patients is mainly IFN-β.