医共体总额预付对基层医疗服务供给的影响分析——基于湖北省黄冈市黄州区的实证研究

目的：分析总额预付制改革对黄州区医共体基层医疗服务供给的影响。方法：收集黄州区医共体月度数据,描述性分析基层医疗服务供给能力、效率及数量的变化,利用间断时间序列检验总额预付两次政策改革前后服务供给数量的变化情况。结果：黄州区分别于2018年、2019年开展并完善总额预付制改革。改革后,基层卫生技术人员占比、医师日均诊疗人次及床位使用率总体呈增长趋势。两阶段政策改革后基层门急诊人次及其占比均呈增长趋势(P<0.05),第一阶段政策改革后出院人数及其占比显著增长(P<0.05)。结论：总额预付制促进了基层医疗服务供给增加,但仍存在门急诊服务量增长趋势平缓、住院服务量不合理增长的问题,第二阶段政策改革应进一步扩大总额预付改革成果。     

分化好的胃肠胰神经内分泌瘤G3的诊治新进展

神经内分泌肿瘤属于少见肿瘤,发病率低,异质性强,可发生于全身多个器官.在中国,胃肠胰是神经内分泌肿瘤发病率最高的部位,自2017年世界卫生组织(World Health Organization,WHO)消化系统肿瘤病理学分类关于胃肠胰神经内分泌肿瘤提出分化好的神经内分泌瘤G3(neuroendocrine tumor...     

Objective Interpretation of the Rapid Urease Test for Helicobacter pylori Infection Using Colorimetry

BackgroundThe rapid urease test (RUT) is a major diagnostic tool for detecting Helicobacter pylori infection. This study aimed to establish an objective method for measuring the color changes in the RUT kit to improve the test’s diagnostic accuracy.MethodsA UV-visible spectrophotometer was selected as the colorimeter; experiments were conducted in three stages to objectively identify the color changes in the RUT kit.ResultsFirst, the urea broth solution showed an identifiable color change from yellow to red as the pH increased by 0.2. The largest transmittance difference detected using the UV-visible spectrophotometer was observed at a 590-nm wavelength. Second, the commercialized RUT kit also showed a gradual color change according to the pH change detected using the UV-visible spectrophotometer. Third, 13 cases of negative RUT results with a biopsy specimen and 16 of positive RUT results were collected. The transmittance detected using the UV-visible spectrophotometer showed a clear division between the positive and negative RUT groups; the largest difference was observed at a 559-nm wavelength. The lowest transmittance in the negative RUT group was 64, while the highest in the positive RUT group was 56, at the 559-nm wavelength. The UV-visible spectrophotometry reading showed a consistency of 92.7% compared with that of manual reading.ConclusionA transmittance of 60 at a 559-nm wavelength detected using UV-visible spectrophotometer can be used as a cutoff value for interpreting RUT results; this will help develop an automatic RUT kit reader with a high accuracy.     

2型糖尿病患者种植体龈沟液炎症因子与种植体周健康的研究

目的 探索2型糖尿病（T2DM）诱导的炎症细胞因子对种植体周组织的影响。方法 选取2020年8月至2021年8月萍乡市人民医院口腔科32例行种植体植入术并上部全瓷冠修复的T2DM患者作为观察组,选取同期32例血糖正常的拟行种植体植入术并上部全瓷冠修复的种植牙患者作为对照组。比较两组牙周探诊深度（PD）、龈沟出血指数（SBI）、种植体龈沟液（PISF）量以及PISF中白细胞介素-1β(IL-1β)、白细胞介素-6(IL-6)、肿瘤坏死因子-α(TNF-α)水平的表达。结果 两组的PD、SBI比较,差异无统计学意义（P>0.05）。行种植术后,观察组的PISF低于对照组,观察组PISF表达的IL-1β、TNF-α高于对照组,差异有统计学意义（P<0.05）,两组的IL-6水平比较,差异无统计学意义（P>0.05）。观察组的PISF与IL-1β、TNF-α呈负相关（r=-0.482、-0.436,P<0.05）。结论T2DM患者的PISF量较同期健康种牙者少,但PISF中的IL-1β、TNF-α表达量高。     

睡眠呼吸监测技术的研究进展

睡眠呼吸监测技术对于睡眠呼吸暂停综合征的预防、发现及治疗起着重要作用.简要介绍用于睡眠呼吸暂停综合征的监测设备分级及应用趋势,分析睡眠呼吸监测技术的特点,对睡眠呼吸监测技术的研究方向和发展现状进行了综述.     

Emerging trends in sacubitril/valsartan research: A bibliometric analysis of the years 1995–2021

Background:Sacubitril/valsartan has been approved for the treatment of heart failure (HF) patients with reduced ejection fraction; since then, it gradually became a new star drug in the therapy of HF. Nevertheless, the effectiveness of sacubitril/valsartan remains under investigation. Thus far, only a few bibliometric studies have systematically analyzed the application of sacubitril/valsartan.Methods:Publications on sacubitril/valsartan were retrieved from the Web of Science Core Collection on April 29, 2021. Data were analyzed using Microsoft Excel 2019 (Redmond, WA), VOS viewer (Redmond, WA), and Cite Space V (Drexel University, Philadelphia, PA).Results:A total of 1309 publications on sacubitril/valsartan published from 1995 to 2021 were retrieved. The number of publications regarding sacubitril/valsartan increased sharply in the last 6 years (2015–2021), and American scholars authored >40% of those publications. Most were published in the European Journal of Heart Failure, the United States was the bellwether with a solid academic reputation in this area. Solomon published the highest number of related articles and was the most frequently cited author. “Heart failure” was the leading research hotspot. The keywords, “inflammation,” “fibrosis,” and “oxidative stress” appeared most recently as research fronts.Conclusions:Research attention should be focused on clinical trial outcomes. Considering its effectiveness in HF, the mechanisms and further applications of sacubitril/valsartan may become research hotspots in the future and should be closely examined.     

消化管唇状瘘外堵法的临床应用研究

目的 探讨消化管唇状瘘棉球外堵法的临床意义.方法 采用前瞻性随机对照研究的方法,将2001年1月～2007年11月收治的消化管唇状瘘患者分为实验组(15例)和对照组(15例),对照组采用传统的瘘口持续引流、禁食或部分肠内营养加肠外营养支持处理方法,实验组采用瘘口棉球外堵法处理,控制外溢肠液,恢复正常进食及活动.比较两组患者一般临床资料、瘘口大小、流量、体重、白蛋白、确定性手术时间、术后并发症、住院天数、费用等.结果 实验组与对照组相比,瘘口缩小、流量减少、体重白蛋白上升、手术时间提前、术后并发症减少、住院时间缩短、费用减少等差异均有统计学意义.结论 消化管唇状瘘棉球外堵法安全有效,可显著缩短患者病程、减少费用及其痛苦、迅速改善其营养状况.     

增殖细胞核抗原突变体的稳定高表达对HeLa细胞顺铂敏感性的影响

目的 建立稳定高表达增殖细胞核抗原(proliferating cell nuclear antigen,PCNA)或突变体PC-NA(mutant PCNA,mPCNA)目的蛋白的宫颈癌细胞系HeLa细胞,观察PCNA在顺铂诱导的DNA损伤修复中的作用.方法 采用显性负突变策略,通过构建重组人PCNA或mPCNA的真核表达质粒pCDNA3.1/V5-His A-PCNA(His-PCNA)和pCDNA31/V5-His A-mPCNA(His-mPCNA),稳定转染到HeLa细胞中,G418筛选建立稳定高表达目的蛋白的HeLa细胞系;Western印迹法检测蛋白的表达情况;MTT法测定顺铂损伤后不同细胞系的细胞存活率.结果 真核表达质粒经酶切、测序分析与实验设计完全一致;稳定建系后,Western印迹结果显示在相应位置可见清楚的目的条带;MTT结果显示稳定高表达突变体PCNA的细胞系与对照组相比,其细胞存活率呈明显下降趋势.结论 成功构建了真核表达质粒His-PCNA和His-mPC-NA;建立了稳定高表达该质粒的HeLa细胞系;稳定高表达突变体PCNA的细胞系对顺铂损伤更敏感.     

Ferric citrate for the treatment of hyperphosphatemia and anemia in patients with chronic kidney disease: a meta-analysis of randomized clinical trials

BackgroundHyperphosphatemia and anemia, which are common complications of chronic kidney disease (CKD), can independently contribute to cardiovascular events. Several previous studies have found that the iron-based phosphate binder, ferric citrate (FC), could be beneficial to both hyperphosphatemia and anemia.MethodsRelevant literature from PUBMED, EMBASE, the Cochrane Central Register of Controlled Trials (CCRCT) and MEDLINE databases were searched up to 21 February 2022, in order to conduct a meta-analysis to investigate the efficacy, safety and economic benefits of ferric citrate treatment in CKD patients with hyperphosphatemia and anemia. The meta-analysis was conducted independently by two reviewers using the RevMan software (version 5.3).ResultsIn total, this study included 16 randomized clinical trials (RCT) involving 1754 participants. The meta-analysis showed that ferric citrate could significantly reduce the serum phosphorus in CKD patients compared to the placebo control groups (MD −1.76 mg/dL, 95% CI (−2.78, −0.75); p = 0.0007). In contrast, the difference between ferric citrate treatment and active controls, such as non-iron-based phosphate binders, sevelamer, calcium carbonate, lanthanum carbonate and sodium ferrous citrate, was not statistically significant (MD − 0.09 mg/dL, 95% CI (−0.35, 0.17); p = 0.51). However, ferric citrate could effectively improve hemoglobin levels when compared to the active drug (MD 0.43 g/dL, 95% CI (0.04, 0.82); p = 0.03) and placebo groups (MD 0.39 g/dL, 95% CI (0.04, 0.73); p = 0.03). According to eight studies, ferric citrate was found to be cost-effective treatment in comparison to control drugs. Most of the adverse events (AE) following ferric citrate treatment were mild at most.ConclusionCollectively, our review suggests that iron-based phosphate binder, ferric citrate is an effective and safe treatment option for CKD patients with hyperphosphatemia and anemia. More importantly, this alternative treatment may also less expensive. Nevertheless, more scientific studies are warranted to validate our findings.     

Malignant transformation of nevus sebaceous to basal-cell carcinoma: Case series,literature review,and management algorithm

Nevus sebaceous (NS) is a common congenital hamartoma of the skin composed predominantly of sebaceous glands. Although most NS are benign skin tumors, malignant transformations have been reported. There is still controversy about the lifetime risk of malignant degeneration and precise surgical criteria. This study reports cases of malignant degeneration and suggests a surgical treatment algorithm. The medical records of patients with basal-cell carcinoma (BCC) arising from NS between January 2001 and January 2021 were retrospectively reviewed. Patient demographics including lesion location, and tumor size were investigated. The symptoms, histological findings before and after excision, complications, and recurrence during 2-year follow-up periods were investigated. Ten patients were identified with BCC arising from NS lesions. All patients were female and the mean age was 52.11 years. All patients complained of sudden morphological changes, the most common type being rapid color changes. Two cases had histological findings that showed a miss-match between punch biopsy and excisional biopsy results. No recurrence was detected 2 years after surgeries in any patients. Cases after third stage, especially in over 40 years who report morphologic changes, should undergo total surgical excision as the first approach, with strong suspicion of malignant degeneration.