一氧化氮对犬下食管括约肌压力的作用

目的 :应用苄基二甲基十四烷氯化铵 (benzyldim ethyltetradecyl amm onium chloride,BAC)建立犬下食管括约肌(L ES)无神经动物模型 ,研究一氧化氮 (NO)对 L ES压力的作用。方法 :将 BAC环周注入犬 L ES,对照组注入等量生理盐水 ,均于注射前及注射后 6周测定 L ES压力 ;并观察 L -精氨酸、D -精氨酸、硝普钠及一氧化氮合酶 (NOS)抑制剂 N-硝基 - L -精氨酸 (L - NNA)对 L ES压力的影响 ;此外还测定了两组犬 L ES中 NO含量和 NOS活性。结果 :BAC处理组 L ES压力 [(4 2 .43±4.19) m m Hg,1m m Hg=0 .133 k Pa]显著高于对照组 [(2 2 .71± 5 .19) mm Hg]。 L -精氨酸可使对照组 L ES压力降低 ;L - NNA使其增高 ,但对 BAC处理组 L ES压力均无影响。硝普钠可降低两组犬 L ES压力。对照组 L ES中 NO为 (6 .0 5 8± 2 .0 6 7)μm ol/g,NOS为 (1.45 8± 0 .146 ) U /mg;而 BAC处理组 NO为 (1.797± 0 .873)μmol/g,NOS为 (0 .46 3± 0 .0 39) U /m g,均较对照组显著降低 (P<0 .0 1)。 结论 :BAC可使犬 L ES压力增高 ,其机制可能与 L ES局部 NO减少有关。     

A retrospective study of neck rejuvenation using a noninsulated microneedle radiofrequency in Chinese subjects

Lasers in Medical Science - Large-scale long-term retrospective study of noninsulated microneedle radiofrequency treatment on neck rejuvenation is lacking. We conducted a 3-year retrospective...     

A comprehensive reconstruction strategy for moderate to severe faciocervical scar contractures

The focus of treatment of faciocervical scar contractures includes cervical reconstruction and elimination of hypertrophic scars. Unfortunately, most previous studies have neglected the esthetic appearance of scars. In this study, we tried to combine surgical therapy and ultrapulse fractional CO₂ laser (UFCL) to eliminate facial scars while restoring neck reconstruction and to establish the optimal conventional management for faciocervical contracture. Thirty-eight individuals were enrolled and divided into two groups. After received cervical release surgeries, comprehensive UFCL therapy group received treatment of UFCL at 3-month intervals, silicone sheets, and pressure garments, while another group only received treatment of silicone sheeting and compression. Twelve months after the termination of therapy, faciocervical scars of both two groups were assessed by two uninvolved physicians according to the Vancouver Scar Scale (VSS), and patients’ satisfaction survey was also recorded by the study participants using a patient four-point satisfaction scale. Thirty-six patients completed the treatment and follow-up. The results show that the VSS scores of both two groups decreased after 12 months, but comprehensive UFCL therapy group dropped more significantly than the conventional treatment group at follow-up session, which was statistically significant (P?<?0.001), and the patient satisfaction was higher than that of the conventional treatment group. This comprehensive treatment combined of surgery, UFCL, silicone sheets, and pressure garments works as an effective and esthetic reconstruction for moderate to severe postburn faciocervical scar contractures.

     

Culture bovine prospermatogonia with 2i medium

Germplasm cryopreservation and expansion of gonocytes/prospermatogonia or spermatogonial stem cells (SSCs) are important; however, it's difficult in cattle. Since inhibitors of Mek1/2 and Gsk3β (2i) can enhance pluripotency maintenance, effects of 2i-based medium on the cultivation of bovine prospermatogonia from the cryopreserved tissues were examined. The testicular tissues of newborn bulls were well cryopreserved. High mRNA levels of prospermatogonium/SSC markers (PLZF, GFRα-1) and pluripotency markers (Oct4/Pouf5, Sox2, Nanog) were detected and the PLZF⁺/GFRα-1⁺ prospermatogonia were consistently identified immunohistochemically in the seminiferous cords. Using differential plating and Percoll-based centrifugation, 41.59% prospermatogonia were enriched and they proliferated robustly in 2i medium. The 2i medium boosted mRNA abundances of Pouf5, Sox2, Nanog, GFRα-1, PLZF, anti-apoptosis gene Bcl2, LIF receptor gene LIFR and enhanced PLZF protein expression, but suppressed mRNA expressions of spermatogonial differentiation marker c-kit and pro-apoptotic gene Bax, in the cultured prospermatogonia. It also alleviated H₂O₂-induced apoptosis of the enriched cells and decreased histone H3 lysine (K9) trimethylation (H3K9me3) and its methylase Suv39h1/2 mRNA level in the cultured seminiferous cords. Overall, 2i medium improves the cultivation of bovine prospermatogonia isolated from the cryopreserved testes, by inhibiting Suv39h1/2-mediated H3K9me3 through Mek1/2 and Gsk3β signalling, evidencing successful cryopreservation and expansion of bovine germplasm.     

Risk factors and outcomes of cardiovascular disease readmission within the first year after dialysis in peritoneal dialysis patients

BackgroundIn the first year of dialysis, patients are vulnerable to cardiovascular disease (CVD) hospitalization, but knowledge regarding the risk factors and long-term outcomes of cardiovascular readmission within the first year after dialysis in incident continuous ambulatory peritoneal dialysis (CAPD) patients is limited.MethodsThis retrospective cohort study was conducted in incident CAPD patients. The demographic characteristics, laboratory parameters, and CVD readmission were collected and analyzed. The primary outcome was all-cause mortality, and the secondary outcomes included CVD mortality, infection-related mortality and technique failure. A logistic regression was used to identify the risk factors associated with CVD readmission within the first year after dialysis. Cox proportional hazards models were used to evaluate the association between CVD readmission and the outcomes.ResultsIn total, 1589 peritoneal dialysis (PD) patients were included in this study, of whom 120 (7.6%) patients had at least one episode of CVD readmission within the first year after dialysis initiation. Advanced age, CVD history, and a lower level of serum albumin were independently associated with CVD readmission. CVD readmission within the first year after dialysis was significantly associated with all-cause (HR 2.66, 95%CI 1.91–3.70, p < 0.001) and CVD (HR 3.42, 95%CI 2.20–5.31, p < 0.001) mortality, but not infection-related mortality or technique failure, after adjusting for confounders.ConclusionsOur findings suggest that an advanced age, a history of CVD, and a lower level of serum albumin were independently associated with CVD readmission. Moreover, CVD readmission was associated with all-cause and cardiovascular mortality in incident CAPD patients.     

Metastatic embryonal rhabdomyosarcoma of the breast: A case report and literature review

Rhabdomyosarcoma (RMS) is a common malignancy in children, but embryonal rhabdomyosarcoma (ERMS) deposits rarely occur in the breast in adults. Therefore, little is known about magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) features of breast metastases from RMS, especially the embryonal type. We reported a case of a 22-year-old woman who was diagnosed with ERMS at left foot 2 years ago and accepted operation and chemotherapy. She was confirmed to have breast metastases from the left foot. Successive imaging examinations were performed 3 months apart. Breast ultrasound indicated a benign lesion, and further examination did not reveal any bone metastases. However, predominant restricted diffusion and rim contrast enhancement on MRI combined with the patient's medical history suggested a malignancy of BI-RADS 5. After 3 months, breast ultrasound revealed masses detected last time became larger and lobulated. In addition, internal heterogeneous intensity and rim contrast enhancement with restricted diffusion were revealed on MRI. We speculated that typical MRI findings of breast metastases from RMS may include iso- to hypointensity on T1WI, heterogeneous hyperintensity on T2WI, and circular enhancement with restricted diffusion. Moreover, mild peritumoral edema, rapid expansion of necrosis, and ascending time-intensity curve detected on MRI may be features of the ERMS type.