In vitro differentiation of human adipose-derived adult stromal cells into neuron-like cells in hippocampal astrocyte conditioned medium

BACKGROUND: At present, researches on differentiating from human adipose-derived adult stromal cells (hADASC) to neuron-like cells are focus on inducing by artificial-synthetic compound solution; however, hippocampal astrocyte conditioned medium (HCAM) can induce in vitro differentiation from hADASC to neuron-like cells is still unclear. OBJECTIVE: To observe whether HCAM can induce in vitro differentiation from hADASC to neuron-like cells. DESIGN: Randomized control study. SETTING: Department of Neurology, Taixing People's Hospital; Central Laboratory, North China Coal Medical College. MATERIALS: Donor of adipose tissue was donated by female volunteers suffering from caesarean section in the department of obstetrics & gynecology in our hospital and aged 20－35 years. Adipose tissue was collected from subcutaneous tissue of abdomen during the operation. In addition, 8 male newborn Wistar rats within 24 hours with average body mass of 20 g were provided by Animal Institute of Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences. Rabbit-anti-human Nestin polyclonal antibody, rabbit-anti-human glial fibriliary acidic protein (GFAP) polyclonal antibody, rabbit-anti-human neuro-specific enolase polyclonal antibody and mouse-anti-human microtubal associated protein 2 (MAP-2) polyclonal antibody were provided by Wuhan Boster Company. METHODS: The experiment was carried out in the Central Laboratory of North China Coal Medical College from October 2004 to June 2005. hADASC was cultured with HCAM and its growth and morphological changes were observed under inverted phase contrast microscope. Immunocytochemistry, immunofluorescence and Western blotting were used to evaluate the expressions of Nestin, which was a specific sign of nerve precursor, neuro-specific enolase and MAP-2, which was a specific sign of nerve cell, and GFAP, which was a specific sign of neuroglial cells. MAIN OUTCOME MEASURES: Nestin, which was a specific sign of nerve precursor, neuro-specific enolase and MAP-2, which was a specific sign of nerve cell, and GFAP, which was a specific sign of neuroglial cells. RESULTS: On the 3rd day of culture, partial hADASC started deformation from slender shuttle-shape cells to neuron-like cells. It suggested that cells stretched out apophysis, which were mainly double-pole or multiple-pole cells. Five days later, immunohistochemical detection suggested that expression of Nestin (10.5±0.037) was found out in cells; meanwhile, expressions of GFAP (38.4±0.052) and neuro-specific enolase (NSE) (15.7±0.023) were also found out in cells; however, expression of MAP-2 was not observed. Western blot indicated that, 5 days after effect of HCAM, Nestin was found out in hADASC; meanwhile, expressions of GFAP and neuro-specific enolase were also found out; however, expression of MAP-2 was not observed. CONCLUSION: HCAM can induce the differentiation from hADASC to neuron-like cells in vitro.     

粗糙脉孢菌漆酶基因的克隆及在毕赤酵母中的初步表达

采用连续延伸PCR方法克隆到粗糙脉孢菌（Neurospora crassa）漆酶基因，并将其克隆到表达载体pPIC9k，重组质粒经线性化、电激转化Pichia pastoris KM71，部分阳性克隆的PCR结果表明：漆酶基因已整合到巴斯德毕赤酵母染色体上，重组菌经甲醇诱导后3～5d产漆酶量最高，为2-3U／mL。     

腹腔内疝的CT表现

腹腔内脏器穿过腹膜或膜突入另一腹腔内间隙称为腹腔内疝（internal abdominal hernias）。最常表现为一段小肠嵌入正常或异常的腹腔内孔道，引起急性小肠梗阻。作为疝口的结构可以是腹腔内的正常解剖结构，如裂孔、隐窝、陷窝等，     

红细胞同工酶ADA－EAP一AK_1同步电泳分型方法的建立

综合、改良了分别分型的方法，建立了红细胞同工酶ＡＤＡ一ＥＡＰ一ＡＫ１同步电泳分型方法，为ＡＤＡ，ＥＡＰ和ＡＫ１３种红细胞同工酶在法医学鉴定中更广泛的应用，提供了一种可靠、经济、实用的方法。     

二尖瓣环钙化与颈动脉粥样硬化关系的超声研究

目的 了解二尖瓣环钙化（MAC）与颈动脉粥样硬化之间的关系，探讨MAC能否作为颈动脉粥样硬化的独立预测因子。方法 采用高频超声对156例MAC患者（其中55例为重度MAC患者）及118例年龄、性别与之相匹配的无MAC对照者的颈动脉进行了检测。结果 ①与对照组比较，MAC组及重度MAC组患者高血压和糖尿病的患病率明显增加（P〈0．05）；②MAC组颈动脉粥样硬化斑块发生率，颈动脉狭窄≥20％、≥40％及双侧颈动脉狭窄≥40％的发生率均显著高于对照组（P〈0．01），重度MAC组上述指标的改变更为显著（P〈0．01）。此外，重度MAC组颈动脉狭窄≥60％的发生率明显高于对照组（P〈0．05）；③MAC组及重度MAc组颈动脉内-中膜厚度（IMT）显著高于对照组（P〈0．01）；④单因素及多因素Logistic回归分析结果均表明：MAC是颈动脉狭窄≥40％最有意义的预测因子（P〈0．01）。结论 MAC与颈动脉粥样硬化之间存在十分密切的关系，通过对MAC的检测，能够预测颈动脉粥样硬化的存在及其程度，在临床实际工作中，对于有二尖瓣环钙化的患者应常规进行颈动脉粥样硬化的检查。     

对医院药事管理委员会系统工程管理的初探

本文通过对医院药事管理委员会的组织形式以及在医院药学事业中的特殊地位、工作任务、工作职责及职能效应的初步探讨,指出医院药事管理委员会在发展和建设医院药学事业中具有十三种职能、七大效应。认为加强医院药事管理委员会建设,是发展医院药学事业和保证医院药品质量的一种好方式。     

缺血预处理对缺血-再灌注硬化肝脏P-选择素表达的影响及保护作用

目的 :探讨缺血预处理 (IPC)对肝硬化肝脏缺血再灌注 (I R)损伤的保护作用以及 IPC对 P 选择素表达的影响和作用。方法 :2 4只雄性肝硬化 SD大鼠 ,随机分为 3组 ,每组 8只 :假手术组 (SO组 ) ,缺血再灌注组 (I R组 ) ,缺血预处理组 (IPC组 )。用高效液相色谱法测定肝组织三磷酸腺苷 (ATP)、二磷酸腺苷(ADP)、一磷酸腺苷 (AMP)并计算能荷 (EC) ,用全自动生化仪测定血清丙氨酸转氨酶 (AL T)、天冬氨酸转氨酶 (AST)、乳酸脱氢酶 (L DH) ,记录肝脏胆汁分泌量 ,用链霉菌抗生物素蛋白过氧化酶 (SP)法免疫组织化学染色检测肝组织 P 选择素蛋白表达 ,并计算肝组织中性粒细胞浸润数和丙二醛含量 (TBA法 )。结果 :再灌注12 0分钟后 ,IPC组 ATP含量和 EC水平明显高于 I R组 ,AL T、AST、L DH释放受到明显抑制 (P均 <0 .0 0 1) ,肝组织胆汁分泌量明显多于 I R组 (P<0 .0 1) ,肝组织中性粒细胞浸润数受到抑制 (P<0 .0 5 ) ,丙二醛产生明显减少 (P<0 .0 0 1)。与 I R组比较 ,IPC组肝细胞 P选择素蛋白表达受到明显抑制 (P<0 .0 5 )。结论 :缺血预处理通过抑制肝组织 P选择素的表达 ,减少中性粒细胞黏附浸润 ,从而减轻肝脏缺血再灌注损伤程度 ,保护肝功能     

早期选择性消化道脱污染治疗大鼠重症急性胰腺炎

目的　探讨早期选择性消化道脱污染 (SDD )对大鼠重症急性胰腺炎 (SAP )的保护作用及其机理。方法　 60只大鼠制成SAP模型后 ,随机分为SAP组和SAP加SDD组 ,后者在模型建立后即行SDD ,2次 /d ,共 3d。检测对比两组 2 4,48,72h时外周动脉血和门静脉血清内毒素、肿瘤坏死因子 -α(TNF α)和白细胞介素 -1(IL 1)浓度 ,观察动物死亡率、存活时间及胰腺病理学变化。结果　SAP加SDD组各时相外周动脉及门静脉血的内毒素、TNF α和IL 1浓度 ,以及动物死亡率均显著低于SAP组 (P <0 .0 1) ;而存活时间显著高于SAP组 (P <0 .0 5 ) ;两组胰腺坏死程度评分有显著性差异 (P <0 .0 5 )。结论　早期选择性消化道脱污染可以通过清除肠道内毒素来降低SAP大鼠全身炎症反应程度 ,减轻多器官损害。     

Nitric oxide: a revolution of free radicals theory of aging

There are two kinds of free radicals in the aging process, 'bad' and 'good'. Nitric oxide is a good free radical.