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11.
穿透性角膜移植联合瞳孔成形术的临床观察 总被引:1,自引:0,他引:1
目的观察穿透性角膜移植联合瞳孔成形术的效果。方法48只眼行穿透性角膜移植术的同时对虹膜缺损进行修复,成形瞳孔。术后随访6~89个月。结果植片透明者38只眼(79.2%),视力恢复0.1以上者31只眼(64.6%),瞳孔修复接近正常者43只眼(89.6%)。结论穿透性角膜移植联合瞳孔成形术,可减少术后并发症、改善植片的预后及视功能。对波及瞳孔的虹膜缺损,联合行瞳孔成形术效果较好。 相似文献
12.
胰腺肿瘤的B型超声诊断 总被引:4,自引:0,他引:4
本文将资料完整的并经手术及病理证实的27例胰腺肿瘤初步小结。详细描述各例肿瘤的临床们诊与诊断、B型超声和手术情况,并重点讨论:临床们诊和B型超声未能检出的肿瘤,检出肿瘤大小较手术所见尺寸的要,10mm~40mm以及未见肿瘤浸润的原因。 相似文献
13.
测定72例健康老年人(60-84岁)和65例健康青中年人(20-50岁)血清和尿β2微球蛋白(β2m),发现前血清β2m浓度比后明显增高(p<0.001);老年组≥70岁尿液β2m浓度也明显增高(p<0.05)。结果表明肾小球滤过率下降随年龄增长而降低,以后再出现肾小管功能减退。本试验较血清尿素氮、肌酐和内生肌酐清除率测定更为敏感。 相似文献
14.
M P Sherman M D Roth H Gong D P Tashkin 《Pharmacology, biochemistry, and behavior》1991,40(3):663-669
Pulmonary alveolar macrophages lavaged from tobacco smokers release increased levels of oxidants and have been implicated in the pathophysiology of emphysema. It is unknown whether lung macrophages recovered from marijuana smokers also liberate excessive levels of oxidants. To evaluate this possibility, pulmonary alveolar macrophages were obtained by bronchoalveolar lavage from nonsmokers, smokers of marijuana only, smokers of tobacco only, and smokers of tobacco plus marijuana. Spontaneous and stimulated superoxide anion release was measured by the superoxide dismutase-inhibitable reduction of ferricytochrome c. These findings were correlated with recent lung function tests. Superoxide anion production by macrophages, studies of small airway integrity (closing volume, closing capacity, and the slope of Phase III of the single-breath nitrogen washout curve), and evaluation of alveolar gas exchange (diffusing capacity of carbon monoxide) were similar in both nonsmokers and marijuana smokers. However, tobacco smoking was associated with both significantly higher levels of superoxide anion release by pulmonary alveolar macrophages and significant abnormalities of small airway function and alveolar diffusing capacity. Based on the results of this study, pulmonary alveolar macrophages of marijuana-only smokers do not produce increased amounts of oxidants when compared to macrophages of non-smoking subjects. This observation may account for the absence of abnormalities in small airway function and alveolar diffusing capacity in marijuana-only smokers, in contrast to the presence of such findings in smokers of tobacco, regardless of marijuana use. 相似文献
15.
M.S. Ågren U. Ostenfeld M.E. Crawford K. Kiss Y. Gong C. Gluud A. FriisMøller F. Kallehave K. Raffn L.N. Jorgensen 《Wound repair and regeneration》2005,13(2):A1-A27
Extended healing time and lack of documented effective treatments of sacrococcygeal pilonidal disease create substantial problems. Locally applied zinc oxide has been reported to promote wound healing. We have compared topical zinc oxide (3%) with placebo meshes for pilonidal wounds healing by secondary intention in a randomized, double‐blind, placebo‐controlled multicenter trial. Sixty‐four consecutive patients, 53 males, aged between 18 and 60 years (median 26 years) with excised pilonidal wounds were centrally randomized to local zinc oxide (30 mg/g, n = 33) or to placebo (n = 31) mesh treatment. Patients were followed with strict recording of beneficial and harmful effects. The median healing times were 54 days (42–71 days, interquartile range, n = 33) for the zinc group and 62 days (55–82 days, n = 31) for the placebo group. This difference was not statistically different (p = 0.32). Based on Cox regression analysis initial wound volume influenced healing negatively (p = 0.016) while smoking (p = 0.011) was associated with faster wound healing. Significantly (p < 0.01) more placebo (n = 12) than zinc oxide‐treated patients (n = 3) needed antibiotics postoperatively. Although topical zinc oxide increased (p < 0.001) wound fluid zinc levels (1830 ± 405 μM, mean ± SEM) compared with placebo (3.1 ± 1.6 μM) serum‐zinc levels did not differ significantly between the zinc (13.5 ± 0.4 μM) and placebo (12.8 ± 0.4 μm) groups on postoperative day 7. No adverse events were recorded. Topical zinc oxide treatment did not accelerate time to closure of open pilonidal wounds but was associated with reduced antibiotic usage. 相似文献
16.
OBJECTIVE: To study the value of neuronavigation in the transpetroal approach, and to provide anatomic data for the protection of the nerves in the facial nerve canal (FNC) during surgeries. METHODS: Simulated surgery through the transpetroal approach was performed on 16 sides of 8 adult cadaver heads with the assistance by neuronavigation. The anatomy of the facial nerve and the relationship of related structures were observed and the distances from the utmost external edge of the mastoid to different segments of the FNC were measured. RESULTS: Neuronavigation was successful with all the FNC, with the mean error of less than 0.9 mm. The FNC could be divided into 3 segments, the labyrinthine, the tympanic and the mastoid segments, stretching 3.6+/-1.2 mm, 11.2+/-2.5 mm and 16.1+/-3.6 mm respectively and with diameters of 1.2+/-0.3 mm, 1.4+/-0.1 mm and 1.7+/-0.2 mm, respectively. CONCLUSION: Neuronavigation may help protect the FNC during surgical procedures, and a thorough knowledge of the anatomic features of the FNC can be significant for preservation of the facial nerves. 相似文献
17.
中国急性心肌梗塞的疾病经济负担 总被引:8,自引:1,他引:7
主要通过对急性心肌梗塞疾病经济负担的研究,总体描述进行二线预防的重要性。资料主要来源于中文文献检索、政府统计报表。主要利用直接医疗费用来计算疾病经济负担,而未考虑直接非医疗费用和间接费用。中日急性心肌梗塞的发病率约为45/10万。55/10万。城市高于农村,男性高于女性。在2000年,急性心肌梗塞的死亡率在城市为32.39/10万,农村为17.99/10万,其死亡率随年龄增长而相应增长。与发病率一样,城市高于农村,男性高于女性。25岁以上人群因急性心肌梗塞而损失的DALY在2000年为3.57DALYs/千人口。怎性心肌梗塞的直接医疗费用在国家卫生部部属医院为28257元/例,省级医院为8663元/例,县级医院为5447无/例。测算2000年急性心肌梗塞的疾病经济负担为13亿元。19亿元。但由于只有10.6%的急性心肌梗塞病人得到临床床治疗,因此,本测算结果可能低估了在中国实际发生的疾病经济负担。 相似文献
18.
改良W形回肠代膀胱术的疗效观察(附36例报告) 总被引:5,自引:0,他引:5
目的 :探讨改良W形回肠代膀胱术的疗效。方法 :对 36例膀胱肿瘤患者行根治性膀胱切除、W形回肠代膀胱术 ,并对术式进行改进。结果 :36例手术时间平均 4 .2h。术后 31例随访 4~ 19个月 ,平均 10 .6个月 ,无严重并发症 ,均无瘤生存。患者一般于术后 3周自主可控性排尿 ,日间尿控率为 10 0 % ,术后 3、6、12个月夜间尿失禁发生率分别为 2 2 .5 %、11.1%及 6 .2 %。术后 6个月尿动力学检查膀胱容量 (36 0± 30 )ml,最大尿流率 (13.6± 2 .6 )ml/s,剩余尿量 (11.5± 5 .8)ml,充盈期膀胱压力明显低于尿道闭合压。新膀胱造影发现新膀胱呈球形 ,完全位于盆腔 ,未见输尿管反流。B超及IVU检查发现原上尿路积水 4例均明显减轻 ,其余未发现输尿管狭窄和上尿路积水征象。无高氯性酸中毒 ,肾功能正常。结论 :改良W形回肠代膀胱术手术时间短 ,操作简单 ,创伤轻 ,并发症少 ;新膀胱容量大 ,内压低 ,顺应性好 ,功能接近于正常膀胱 ,保持原位排尿 ,明显提高了患者术后生活质量 ,值得临床推广应用。 相似文献
19.
20.
Recapitulation of fast skeletal muscle development in zebrafish by transgenic expression of GFP under the mylz2 promoter. 总被引:1,自引:0,他引:1
Bensheng Ju Shang Wei Chong Jiangyan He Xukun Wang Yanfei Xu Haiyan Wan Yan Tong Tie Yan Vladimir Korzh Zhiyuan Gong 《Developmental dynamics》2003,227(1):14-26
A 1,934-bp muscle-specific promoter from the zebrafish mylz2 gene was isolated and characterized by transgenic analysis. By using a series of 5' promoter deletions linked to the green fluorescent protein (gfp) reporter gene, transient transgenic analysis indicated that the strength of promoter activity appeared to correlate to the number of muscle cis-elements in the promoter and that a minimal -77-bp region was sufficient for a relatively strong promoter activity in muscle cells. Stable transgenic lines were obtained from several mylz2-gfp constructs. GFP expression in the 1,934-bp promoter transgenic lines mimicked well the expression pattern of endogenous mylz2 mRNA in both somitic muscle and nonsomitic muscles, including fin, eye, jaw, and gill muscles. An identical pattern of GFP expression, although at a much lower level, was observed from a transgenic line with a shorter 871-bp promoter. Our observation indicates that there is no distinct cis-element for activation of mylz2 in different skeletal muscles. Furthermore, RNA encoding a dominant negative form of cAMP-dependent protein kinase A was injected into mylz2-gfp transgenic embryos and GFP expression was significantly reduced due to an expanded slow muscle development at the expense of GFP-expressing fast muscle. The mylz2-gfp transgene was also transferred into two zebrafish mutants, spadetail and chordino, and several novel phenotypes in muscle development in these mutants were discovered. 相似文献