1-(5-叔丁基-2-苯并(口恶)唑甲基)-4-(2-取代芳氧基乙基)哌嗪的设计、合成及生物活性

目的:寻找新的苯并(口恶)唑类α1受体拮抗剂.方法:结合α1-受体拮抗剂的构效关系研究,以4-叔丁基-2-氨基酚和取代苯酚为原料,分别经缩合、关环、Williamson醚合成、取代、成盐等反应合成目标化合物,测定α1受体拮抗活性.结果:设计合成了12个新的目标化合物,结构经ESI-MS、1H NMR、IR及HRMS确证.初步药理活性实验表明,7个目标物pA2值大于7.00,有良好的α1受体拮抗活性.结论:5-叔丁基苯并(口恶)唑芳氧烷基哌嗪类化合物是一类新型的具有潜在价值的α1受体拮抗剂.     

熊果酸体外抗胃癌细胞SGC7901机制的研究

目的探讨熊果酸(urso lic ac id,UA)体外抑制胃癌细胞SGC 7901生长的作用机制。方法体外培养人胃癌细胞株SGC 7901,M TT法观察不同浓度UA作用不同时间对细胞生长的影响;不同浓度UA(0~40μm o l/L)处理SGC 7901细胞24 h后,倒置显微镜观察细胞形态变化;荧光染料Hoechst 33258染色和流式细胞仪检测细胞凋亡情况;W estern B lotting法检测凋亡相关蛋白B cl-2和B ax的表达。结果20~40μm o l/L UA可抑制SGC 7901的生长,并呈浓度和时间依赖性,其作用12、24、36、48 h的IC50分别为(57.50±1.18)、(34.28±2.05)、(27.54±1.11)、(24.83±1.02)μm o l/L。20~40μm o l/L UA作用24 h后,SGC 7901细胞变圆,出现不同程度的漂浮;同时细胞被阻滞于G0/G1期并发生凋亡,随药物浓度升高,凋亡率增加,凋亡相关蛋白B cl-2表达减少,B ax无明显变化。结论熊果酸对SGC 7901细胞具有较强的抗肿瘤活性,其机制可能与细胞毒作用、增殖抑制作用以及下调凋亡相关蛋白B cl-2表达而促进凋亡有关。     

肾上腺嗜铬细胞瘤术中血NMN和MN的动态变化

目的 研究嗜铬细胞瘤切除手术中,患者间羟去甲肾上腺素(NMN)和间羟肾上腺素(MN)的动态变化规律.方法 23例肾上腺肿瘤患者(肾上腺嗜铬细胞瘤14例和非肾上腺嗜铬细胞瘤9例),分别于麻醉诱导后、开始切皮时、探查肿瘤时、切除肿瘤时、麻醉结束时的5个时间点进行采血,利用高效液相色谱法测定血液样本中NMN和MN的水平.结果 肾上腺嗜铬细胞瘤患者的NMN水平,在手术中各时间点有明显统计学差异(P<0.05),而MN无明显差异(P>0.05);非肾上腺嗜铬细胞瘤患者的NMN和MN水平,在手术期间各时间点均无统计学差异(P>0.05).结论 肾上腺嗜铬细胞手术中,患者血NMN在不同时间点有明显变化,而MN相对稳定.提示术中麻醉诱导和探查是手术成功的关键,MN是诊断肾上腺嗜铬细胞瘤较为稳定的监测指标.     

临床医学工程科如何开展科研工作

简要介绍了临床医学工程学科的发展史,强调了临床医学工程科开展科研工作的优势,列举了临床医学工程科科研项目的选题方向,并在科研活动中做好选题和过程管理,同时引入激励机制,促进我国的临床医学和临床医学工程的发展.     

PACS系统的维护技术

本文阐述了一个符合中国国情和医院实际需要的PACS系统的重要性,介绍了我院影像科PACS系统架构及运行情况.PACS是全面解决医院影像数字化存档与通信的综合类系统,是医院迈向信息化时代的重要标志,是医学设备影像及相关信息达到充分共享的关键,维护则是PACS得以实现的重要保证.本文总结了对PACS系统的日常维护技术.     

Diagnosis and surgical treatment of multiple endocrine neoplasia

Background Multiple endocrine neoplasia (MEN) is relatively rare. But more patients could be found by detailed examination. We discuss the diagnosis and surgical treatment of MEN. Methods The clinical data of 95 MEN cases were retrospectively analyzed. There were 30 cases of MEN1 including 19 cases from 6 families. The MEN1 gene mutation was detected in 81.48% of cases admitted after 1997. There were 22 cases of primary hyperparathyroidism (PHPT), 10 cases of enteropanceatic tumor including 9 cases of insulinoma, 15 cases of pituitary adenoma, 9 cases of adrenal adenoma, 2 cases of thymic carcinoid. Two patients had 4 glands involved, 3 patients had 3 glands involved, 16 patients had 2 glands involved, and 6 patients had only one gland involved. Three patients had neither clinical symptoms nor biochemical changes, and was diagnosed by MEN1 gene mutation. Six patients presented with nephrolithasis and 6 patients had impaired pancreatic endocrine function. There were 60 cases of MEN2a and 5 cases of MEN2b. 58 cases of MEN2a belongs to 19 kindreds. All MEN2a patients but one presented RET gene mutation in codon 634, and all MEN2b cases had mutation in codon 918. 48 cases of MEN2a had thyroid masses with elevated calcitonin levels. 27 patients had pheochromocytoma including 12 cases of multiple loci and 5 malignancy. 13 patients presented with hyperparathyroidism. 5 MEN2b patients had medullary thyroid carcinoma and mucosal ganglioneuromatosis with Marfanoid. Among them, 3 patients had bilateral pheochromocytoma. Results In MEN1, subtotal parathyroidectomy was performed in 12 patients with PHPT and one patient received parathyroid adenoma enucleation. Insulinomas were enucleated in 4 patients. Two patients underwent thymus tumor extirpation. Total thyroidectomy with bilateral dissection of regional lymph nodes was performed in 16 patients with MEN2a and nodule enucleation was performed in 9 patients. Twenty two MEN2a patients underwent pheochromocytoma enucleation including bilateral adrenal resection in 10 cases. 5 MEN2b patients underwent total thyroidectomy with bilateral lymph node dissection. Among them, 3 cases underwent bilateral adrenal operations. Conclusions MEN varies in symptoms. Germline mutation test is helpful in establishing a diagnosis. Surgical management should be aimed at the improvement of life quality in MEN1 and prevention of the fetal tumors in MEN2.     

Effects of unpredictable chronic stress on behavior and brain-derived neurotrophic factor expression in CA3 subfield and dentate gyrus of the hippocampus in different aged rats

Background Brain-derived neurotrophic factor (BDNF) is a stress-responsive intercellular messenger modifying hypothalamic-pituitary-adrenal (HPA) axis activity. The interaction between stress and age in BDNF expression is currently not fully understood. This study was conducted to observe unpredictable stress effect on behavior and BDNF expression in CA3 subfield (CA3) and dentate gyrus of hippocampus in different aged rats. Methods Forty-eight Wistar rats of two different ages (2 months and 15 months) were randomly assigned to six groups: two control groups and four stress groups. The rats in the stress group received three weeks of unpredictable mild stress. The depression state and the stress level of the animals were determined by sucrose preference test and observation of exploratory behavior in an open field (OF) test. The expressions of BDNF in CA3 and dentate gyrus of the hippocampus were measured using immunohistochemistry. Results Age and stress had different effects on the behavior of different aged animals (age: F=6.173, P <0.05, stress: F=6.056, P <0.05). Stress was the main factor affecting sucrose preference (F=123.608, P <0.05). Decreased sucrose preference and suppressed behavior emerged directly following stress, lasting to at least the eighth day after stress in young animals (P <0.05). The older stress rats showed a lower sucrose preference than young stress rats (P <0.05). Older control rats behaved differently from the younger control animals in the OF test, spending more time in the central square (P <0.05), exhibiting fewer vertical movements (P <0.05) and less grooming (P <0.05). Following exposure to stress, older-aged rats showed no obvious changes in vertical movement and grooming. This indicates that aged rats were in an unexcited state before the stress period, and responded less to stressful stimuli than younger rats. There was significantly lower BDNF expression in the CA3 and dentate gyrus regions of the hippocampus following stress in both age groups (P <0.05), a reduction that was still present at the eighth day after stress (P <0.05). Stress and age were the main factors affecting the expression of BDNF (F=9.408, P <0.05; F=106.303, P <0.05). The aged stress group showed lower BDNF expression compared to the young stressed group at every testing time point. Conclusion Stress has age-dependent effects on behavioral responses and hippocampal BDNF expression in rats.     

异环磷酰胺引起神经毒性一例报道

异环磷酰胺在临床使用中,曾有报道产生中枢神经毒性,临床表现为幻觉、妄语、淡漠和焦虑,严重者有癫痫样发作甚至昏迷等表现.本文报道1例运用异环磷酰胺化疗后发生神经毒性反应的病例,供临床医师借鉴.