人体静态眼球反旋转反应的初步观察

目的观察人体于不同的头位倾斜条件下诱发的OCR反应特征,为建立其检测方法和实际应用提供依据.方法受试对象为地面人员22名和飞行人员11名,端坐于装有特制头托的座椅上,通过头位在冠状面内分别处于左右各倾斜30°、50°、70°的位置诱发静态OCR反应.采用红外视频眼动记录方法分别随机测定从头直位到左右各30°、50°、70°的眼动视频信号.最后以动头前即刻的眼球位置为零位,以眼球虹膜纹理为标志,对各时刻虹膜纹理与初始状态虹膜纹理进行互相关分析,找出相关度最大的一点为各时刻眼球位置,测量该时刻眼球与初始眼球位置的角度即为眼球扭转角度.结果头位倾斜引起的典型OCR反应曲线特征是,头位倾斜动作开始,首先引起一个幅度较大的与头动方向相反的眼球反方向旋转,随之,眼球反转角度逐渐减小,在头位倾斜到固定角度后,眼球反转角度在一定范围内波动或不变,未发现头位向同一方向倾斜不同角度引起的OCR有显著差异.飞行员与正常地面人群OCR反应未见显著差别.结论静态头位倾斜可以诱发出OCR反应,可用来评价耳石器功能.     

激光治疗阻塞性睡眠呼吸暂停低通气综合征疗效评价

目的：探讨Nd：YAG激光治疗阻塞性睡眠呼吸暂停低通气综合征(OSAHS)的疗效。方法：对89例OSAHS患者行激光悬雍垂腭咽成形术(LAUP)．手术切除部分软腭及悬雍垂，在悬雍垂两侧向上楔形打开软腭。结果：术后6个月复查有76例行多导睡眠监测，治愈8例，显效36例，有效25例，无效7例，总有效率90．8％。结论：Nd：YAG激光具有止血凝固作用且穿透力强，手术视野清晰，并发症少，可缩短手术时间。LAUP治疗OSAHS效果良好。     

上海市产科质量管理的措施与效果

总结了近十年来上海市产科质量管理的工作情况，介绍了上海市产科质控的具体做法，包括：夯实产科质量管理的基础，打造健全的组织构架；重视产科质量管理的关键，进行过程结点的控制；关注产科质量的提升，进行结局信息的分析与反馈，并指导近远期行动计划的制订。同时介绍了由此取得的显著效果，包括：孕产妇死亡率的降低、接产机构准入标准的提高以及外来孕产妇分娩点建立后的初步成效。此外，对进一步改进孕产期保健、提高产科质量提出了建议。     

髋臼骨折的手术并发症及防治

目的探讨髋臼骨折手术并发症发生原因及防治措施。方法我院对手术治疗的45例髋臼骨折中发生并发症的20例进行分析。结果本组总的并发症发生率为44.4%。其中肺栓塞1例,下肢深静脉血栓行成2例,医源性坐骨神经损伤1例,创伤性关节炎12例,异位骨化7例,股骨头缺血坏死5例。结论选择合适的手术入路,尽早手术,提高手术技巧和复位质量,术后正确有效的干预措施、合理的早期功能锻炼是防治髋臼骨折手术并发症的关键。     

The value of pulse wave velocity in the diagnosis of coronary heart disease

Objective: Using receiver operating characteristics (ROC) curve to evaluate the value of pulse wave velocity (PWV) in the diagnosis of coronary heart disease (CHD). Methods: By using coronary angiography as golden diagnostic standard of CHD, 218 patients were divided into both CHD group (n=121) and non-CHD group (n = 97). All these patients received PWV test. The efficacy of PWV of each artery segments in the diagnosis of CHD was evaluated by ROC curve. The sensitivity and specificity were calculated with the golden diagnostic standard of CHD. Results:The PWV of right carotid to femoral artery (Rc-f), left carotid to femoral artery (Lc-f), right radial to carotid artery (Rc-r), left radial to carotid artery (Lc-r) in CHD group were significantly higher than that of non-CHD group (9. 31±1. 75 vs 7.60±1.59, P<0. 01; 9. 02±1.71 vs 7. 52±1.50, P<0. 01; 8. 69±1. 37 vs 8. 00±1. 27, P<0. 01; 8.52±1. 03 vs 8. 03±1. 2, P<0. 01 respectively). However, the PWV of both right and left femoral to ankle artery (Rf-a and Lf-a) had no significant differences between the two groups. We then compared the area under curve (AUC) of each ROC(AUCROC) of PWV of Rc-f, Lc-f Rc-r and Lc-r to evaluate their diagnostic efficacy for CHD. We found that AUCROC of Rc-f PWV was the biggest (AUCROC = 0. 818), at the peak point of its ROC curve, the PWV was 8. 32 m/s. PWV>8. 32 m/s of Rc-f could predict the presence of CHD with a sensitivity of 79% and specificity of 77%. Conclusion: The PWV of Rc-f, Lc-f, Rc-r, Lc-r are significantly higher in CHD group than that in non-CHD group, and PWV of Rc-f is the most accurate in the detection of CHD. The PWV>8. 32 m/s of RC-F is a valuable predictor of CHD.     

医用回旋加速器原理及应用

本文简要介绍了医用回旋加速器的原理、系统组成和功能以及临床应用.     

55例新生儿重度窒息产科原因分析

目的探讨新生儿重度窒息发生的产科原因,制定干预措施,提高产科质量。方法回顾性分析2003年1月~2004年12月我院55例新生儿重度窒息的相关因素。结果新生儿重度窒息为综合因素所致,胎儿高危因素为90·9%,分娩时高危因素为58·2%,母体高危因素为43·6%。结论提高产前检查质量,加强高危妊娠产前和产时的监护,综合分析可能发生新生儿窒息的高危因素,适时正确选择分娩方式是降低新生儿重度窒息和病死率的关键措施。     

扩肛式智能正压回流洗肠装置的设计与研制

目的设计并研制了一种新型的扩肛式智能正压回流洗肠装置。方法详细介绍此装置的组成结构、各组成部分的功能及其工作原理。结果其临床应用在一定程度上可减少病人的痛苦，同时减少护理人员的劳动强度，对于卧床不起或术后不能活动、大便困难的病人能提供很好的帮助，对结肠炎、便秘、降温亦有很好的疗效。结论扩肛式智能正压回流洗肠装置具有实用、高效、方便等特点，适合推广应用。     

急性胰腺炎151例临床分析及治疗

目的：探讨急性胰腺炎临床治疗疗效。方法：收集2000年3月-2005年3月我院收治的151例急性胰腺炎病例，对病凶及诱因、临床症状及体征、实验室及影像学检爸、并发症、治疗与转归等进行回顾性分析。结果：治愈130例，治愈率为86．7％，好转18例，为12％；死亡3例，为2％。结论：感染是急性胰腺炎的严重并发症，应正确把握急性胰腺炎感染的诊断，严格掌握手术适应证，对于胰腺炎应按照其临床分型采取严格的规范化的治疗，才能取得更好的疗效。     

Effects of storage and reperfusion oxygen content on substrate metabolism in the isolated rat lung

BACKGROUND: Lung transplantation requires a period of storage and ischemia; we examined the largely unknown effects of that period on intermediary metabolism. METHODS: Two groups of isolated rat lung blocks (n = 16 each) were flushed with Euro-Collins solution and harvested. The lung blocks were immediately ventilated and either perfused for 30 minutes with an erythrocyte-based solution containing carbon 13 labeled substrates (group 1) or stored for 6 hours at 1 degree C and then reperfused (group 2). Half of each group was reperfused at a physiologic Po2 the other half at high Po2. Analysis of carbon 13 isotopomers was performed to determine substrate utilization through aerobic pathways in lung tissue. RESULTS: Lungs from both groups oxidized all major substrates. The contribution of fatty acids to acetylcoenzyme acid oxidized in the citric acid cycle was significantly higher in group 2 than in group 1 (31.3% +/- 2.2% versus 22.0% +/- 2.1%, p < 0.05). Perfusate Po2 did not affect substrate preference. Gas exchange was worse in stored lungs. CONCLUSIONS: After a period of hypothermic ischemia and storage, substrate preference in lung tissue exhibits a switch towards fatty acids. As fatty acid oxidation occurring after ischemia is deleterious in other organs, strategies to inhibit this process in stored lungs may warrant further investigation.