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991.
D. L. Crosby G. A. Rees J. Gill 《Annals of the Royal College of Surgeons of England》1990,72(5):309-312
The current experience of a high dependency unit established 5 years ago for the postoperative care of high-risk patients undergoing surgery is reported. The resource implications and contributions to the safety and quality of post-operative care, particularly pain relief, are described. 相似文献
992.
Clinical experience with immediate breast reconstruction using tissue expansion or transverse rectus abdominis musculocutaneous flaps 总被引:5,自引:0,他引:5
We retrospectively reviewed our experience with immediate breast reconstruction in 103 consecutive patients with stage 0 or I breast carcinoma between May 1983 and April 1988. Two reconstructive techniques were used, that is, either tissue expansion with secondary prosthesis implantation (60%) or transverse rectus abdominis musculocutaneous (TRAM) flap (40%). Chemotherapy was administered in 22% of patients without delay or compromise. The mean length of follow-up is 30 months. The complication rate was equal for both groups (24%) with infection being most common in the group of patients with tissue expansion and partial flap necrosis being most common in the group of patients with TRAM flaps. Aesthetic results were superior with use of the TRAM flap. Our experience concurs with previous reports that documented satisfactory results with immediate breast reconstruction without compromising further therapy. We conclude that although the tissue expansion technique yields acceptable results, the TRAM flap yields superior aesthetic results in terms of both appearance and consistency. 相似文献
993.
Summary This study explores the effects of a calcium-deficient diet on patterns of bone remodeling, and examines regional differences
in the amount of bone lost. Skeletally mature female rabbits (n=6) were fed a calcium-deficient diet (0.10% Ca2+ and 0.50% P) for 14 weeks. A separate group of rabbits (n=4) were fed a maintenance diet (1.2% Ca2+ and 0.45% P). Bone mineral content, serum calcium, and serum phosphorus were measured each week during the experimental period.
Following sacrifice, the L3 vetebra, femoral head, proximal tibial metaphysis, and tibial midshaft were analyzed histomorphometrically. Rabbits had 20%
less vertebral bone after only 14 weeks of a calcium-deficient diet. As in human postmenopausal osteoporosis, bone loss in
calcium-deficient rabbits occurs in the trabecular bone of the lumbar spine before that in the trabecular bone of the lower
extremity. Calcium-deficient diets alone do not lead to increased osteoid volume or thickness. Because bone loss is relatively
rapid and because the pattern of loss is similar in some respects to that found in humans, adult rabbits may provide an attractive
model of calcium deficiency osteoporosis in a skeletally mature mammal in which remodeling is predominant over modeling. 相似文献
994.
T. M. Skerry M.D. M.R.C.V.S. R. Suswillo A. J. El Haj N. N. Ali R. A. Dodds L. E. Lanyon 《Calcified tissue international》1990,46(5):318-326
Summary Previous studies of Alcian blue-induced birefringence in adult avian cortical bone showed that a short period of intermittent
loading rapidly produces an increased level of orientation of proteoglycans within the bone tissue. In the absence of further
loading, this persists for over 24 hours. We have proposed that this phenomenon could provide a means for “capturing” the
effects of transient strains, and so provide a persistent, constantly updated strain-related influence on osteocyte populations
related to the bones' averaged recent strain history, in effect, a “strain memory” in bone tissue. In our present study, we
use the Alcian blue-induced birefringence technique to demonstrate that proteoglycan orientation also occurs after intermittent
loading of both cortical and cancellous mammalian bonein vivo andin vitro. We also show that the change in birefringence is proportional to the magnitude of the applied strain, and that the reorientation
occurs rapidly, reaching a maximal value after only 50 loading cycles. Examination of electron micrographs of bone tissue
after staining with cupromeronic blue allows direct visualization and quantification of the change in proteoglycan orientation
produced by loading. This shows that intermittent loading is associated with a realignment of the proteoglycan protein cores,
bringing them some 5 degrees closer to the direction of collagen fibrils in the bone matrix. 相似文献
995.
Bladder mucosa in urethral reconstructions 总被引:6,自引:0,他引:6
996.
Analysis and management of chronic testicular pain 总被引:3,自引:0,他引:3
A total of 45 patients was seen in consultation between May 1980 and April 1989 for chronic unilateral or bilateral orchialgia, defined as intermittent or constant testicular pain 3 months or longer in duration that significantly interferes with the daily activities of the patient so as to prompt him to seek medical attention. We analyzed 34 patients available for followup in terms of socioeconomic parameters, etiology and duration of pain, associated urological symptomatology, specific treatment and results of therapy. Of the patients 31 underwent surgical treatment after failing medical management (24 orchiectomies, 10 epididymectomies, 5 orchiopexies and 1 hydrocelectomy). Of 10 patients who underwent epididymectomy 9 underwent subsequent orchiectomy as definitive treatment. Of 15 patients who underwent inguinal orchiectomy 11 (73%) reported complete relief of pain, while 4 had partial relief. Of the 9 patients who underwent scrotal orchiectomy 5 (55%) reported complete relief of pain, 3 had partial relief and 1 denied improvement. On the basis of these results we recommend inguinal orchiectomy as the procedure of choice for the management of chronic testicular pain when conservative measures are unsuccessful. 相似文献
997.
Extravesical versus Leadbetter-Politano ureteroneocystostomy: a comparison of urological complications in 320 renal transplants 总被引:3,自引:0,他引:3
The urological complications of 320 consecutive renal transplants performed at our institution between October 17, 1985 and November 10, 1989 are reviewed. The Leadbetter-Politano technique of ureteroneocystostomy was used in the first 160 patients (group 1) and an anterior extravesical technique modified from the methods of Witzel, Sampson and Lich was performed in the second 160 patients (group 2). Urological complications occurred in 15 patients (9.4%) in group 1 and 6 (3.7%) in group 2 (p = 0.04). Ureterovesical junction obstruction occurred in 6 patients (3.7%) in group 1 and 1 (0.6%) in group 2 (p = 0.05). Complications of leakage, ureteral necrosis and ureteral stricture were comparable in the 2 groups. Therefore, we advocate the use of the anterior extravesical technique over Leadbetter-Politano ureteral reimplantation based on the lower incidence of urological complications and various technical advantages, including less operative time, avoidance of a separate cystotomy, less hematuria and ability to use short donor ureters. 相似文献
998.
A distinctive cardiovascular lesion resembling histiocytoid (epithelioid) hemangioma. Evidence suggesting mesothelial participation 总被引:1,自引:0,他引:1
D J Luthringer R Virmani S W Weiss J Rosai 《The American journal of surgical pathology》1990,14(11):993-1000
This paper presents 14 examples of a distinctive cardiovascular lesion. The patients' ages ranged from 5 to 76 years (mean, 51 years). There were seven male patients and seven female patients. All of the lesions were small and represented incidental surgical findings. Ten were attached to the endocardium, three were free-floating in the pericardial cavity, and one was inside a dissecting aneurysm of the ascending aorta. Microscopically, the lesions were enclosed in a fibrinous network and composed of a solid proliferation of round to polygonal cells with centrally located nuclei. Immunohistochemically, the cells were negative for FVIII-related antigen and lysozyme, but they stained positively for keratin, especially when clustered in small micropapillary or tubule-like formations. The nature and pathogenesis of these lesions are uncertain. Their location and some of their microscopic features originally suggested a relationship with the entity described as histiocytoid (epithelioid) hemangioma. However, their intense immunoreactivity for keratin, occasional presentation in the pericardial sac, and marked morphologic similarities with nodular mesothelial hyperplasia as sometimes seen in hernia sacs point toward the alternative possibility of a reactive mesothelial nature. A possible pathogenetic mechanism for the endocardial cases is ingrowth of pericardial mesothelial cells along a perforation tract that may have developed at the time of a cardiac catheterization. There were no recurrences or metastases in any of the cases. 相似文献
999.
1000.
Excision of the rectum should take in account that the main lymphatic spread follows the cranial route and that dissection of the rectal wall should be performed across its adjacent anatomical lamellae. It is not clear whether an extensive pelvic dissection and high ligature of the inferior mesenteric artery are beneficial. Spontaneous or iatrogenic perforation of the tumour considerable increases the incidence of local recurrence. The frequency of postoperative urinary and sexual dysfunction ranges from 3.5-57% and 14-38% respectively. The reported surgical mortality averages 5-6%. 相似文献