两种根管充填糊剂充填效果的比较

目的比较两种根管充填糊剂充填治疗牙髓坏死和慢性根尖周病的临床疗效。方法将164例患者共198颗患牙随机分为治疗组和对照组,治疗组采用Cortisomol糊剂加牙胶尖侧压行一次性根管充填;对照组用氧化锌糊剂加牙胶尖侧压根管充填,观察两组术后疗效。结果两组疗效比较差异有非常显著性,治疗组优于对照组。结论Cortisomol糊剂一次性根管充填疗法能减轻疼痛,疗效满意。     

糖尿病大鼠骨代谢变化与立普妥、胰岛素的干预效应

目的:近年细胞培养实验发现他汀类药物可以促进骨形成,采用动物实验观察胰岛素和他汀类药物立普妥对糖尿病大鼠骨代谢的影响,为糖尿病伴骨质疏松的治疗提供实验依据。方法:实验于2005-08/2006-01在大连医科大学病理教研室完成。①实验分组:SD雄性大鼠55只,随机选择10只为空白对照组,余45只经鼠尾静脉注射链尿佐菌素造成糖尿病大鼠模型。其中40只符合造模标准,随机分为糖尿病未治疗组、胰岛素治疗组、立普妥治疗组及胰岛素 立普妥治疗组,每组10只。②实验方法:所有大鼠皆给予相同普通饮食。胰岛素治疗组及胰岛素 立普妥治疗组于实验第4天接受中效胰岛素治疗,6～8U/d分两次颈背部皮下注射。胰岛素剂量按每只鼠每周血糖进行调整。立普妥治疗组及胰岛素 立普妥治疗组于实验第4天给予立普妥1.25mg/kg灌胃。糖尿病未治疗组和空白对照组给予等量生理盐水灌胃。③实验评估:9周末用乙醚麻醉,每组取4只大鼠去眼球取血之后处死。14周末应用同样方法处死剩余大鼠。均取腰椎骨,常规脱钙石蜡包埋,行苏木精-伊红染色。骨组织形态计量学测量平均骨小梁厚度和平均骨小梁间距或弥散度。血中Ⅰ型胶原氨基端肽测定采用竞争性放射免疫检测方法(碘标记)。结果:实验期间大鼠死亡5只,其中糖尿病未治疗组1只于第3周死亡,胰岛素组2只于第6周死亡,胰岛素 立普妥治疗组2只于第7周死亡。①骨组织病理形态学变化:9周末立普妥治疗组、胰岛素 立普妥治疗组及糖尿病未治疗组光镜下见骨质疏松表现。14周末立普妥治疗组及胰岛素治疗组骨组织微观结构恢复至空白对照组水平。②平均骨小梁厚度:9周末:糖尿病未治疗组、胰岛素治疗组、立普妥治疗组及胰岛素 立普妥治疗组均明显低于空白对照组(P<0.01)。14周末:糖尿病未治疗组及胰岛素 立普妥治疗组均明显低于空白对照组(P<0.05)。③平均骨小梁间距或弥散度:9周末:糖尿病未治疗组及胰岛素 立普妥治疗组均明显高于空白对照组(P<0.05)。14周末:糖尿病未治疗组及胰岛素 立普妥治疗组均明显高于空白对照组(P<0.05)。④Ⅰ型胶原氨基端肽水平:9周末:立普妥治疗组和胰岛素 立普妥治疗组均明显高于空白对照组(P<0.01)。14周末:胰岛素治疗组、立普妥治疗组和胰岛素 立普妥治疗组均明显高于空白对照组(P<0.01)。结论:①糖尿病大鼠造模9周出现明显的骨质疏松。②糖尿病大鼠骨质变化表现为骨吸收超过骨形成作用,主要以骨吸收增强为主。③立普妥及胰岛素可以促进糖尿病大鼠骨质的形成,抑制糖尿病大鼠骨质疏松的发生发展。     

Treatment of leiomyomatosis peritonealis disseminata with goserelin acetate: A case report and review of the literature

BACKGROUNDLeiomyomatosis peritonealis disseminata (LPD) is a rare condition characterized by multiple pelvic and abdominal nodules, which are composed of smooth-muscle cells. To date, no more than 200 cases have been reported. The diagnosis of LPD is difficult and there are no guidelines on the treatment of LPD. Currently, surgical excision is the mainstay. However, hormone blockade therapy can be an alternative choice.CASE SUMMARYA 33-year-old female patient with abdominal discomfort and palpable abdominal masses was admitted to our hospital. She had undergone four surgeries related to uterine leiomyoma in the past 8 years. Computed tomography revealed multiple nodules scattered within the abdominal wall and peritoneal cavity. Her symptoms and the result of the core-needle biopsy were consistent with LPD. The patient refused surgery and was then treated with tamoxifen, ulipristal acetate (a selective progesterone receptor modulator), and goserelin acetate (a gonadotropin-releasing hormone agonist). Both tamoxifen and ulipristal acetate were not effective in controlling the disease progression. However, the patient achieved an excellent response when goserelin acetate was attempted with relieved syndromes and obvious shrinkage of nodules. The largest nodule showed a 25% decrease in the sum of the longest diameters from pretreatment to posttreatment. Up to now, 2 years have elapsed and the patient remains asymptomatic and there is no development of further nodules.CONCLUSIONGoserelin acetate is effective for the management of LPD. The long-term use of goserelin acetate is thought to be safe and effective. Hormone blockade therapy can replace repeated surgical excision in recurrent patients.     

Clinical characteristics of pediatric synovitis,acne, pustulosis,hyperostosis, and osteitis (SAPHO) syndrome: the first Chinese case series from a single center

Clinical Rheumatology - Pediatric SAPHO syndrome is regarded as the equivalent of chronic recurrent multifocal osteomyelitis or chronic non-bacterial osteomyelitis. This study aimed to evaluate the...     

Topographical distributions of endomorphinergic pathways from nucleus tractus solitarii to periaqueductal gray in the rat

In the central nervous system (CNS), endomorphin 1 (EM1)- and endomorphin 2 (EM2)-containing neuronal cell bodies have been found in the nucleus tractus sollitarii (NTS) and the hypothalamus, and EMergic fibers and terminals are distributed widely in many regions of the CNS, including the periaqueductal gray (PAG). The aim of the present study was to examine whether EM-expressing neurons in the NTS of the rat send their axons to the PAG, and determine whether the EMergic pathway from the NTS to the PAG is topographic by using. Immunofluorescent staining for EM1 or EM2 combined with retrograde and anterograde tract-tracing methods. The results showed that after injecting tetramethyl rhodamine dextran-amine (TMR) into the ventrolateral or lateral column of the PAG, some EM1- or EM2-immunoreactive (IR) neurons in the NTS were retrogradely labeled with TMR, and the majority of the EM-IR/TMR double-labeled neurons were mainly distributed in the medial and commissural subnuclei of the NTS. Following injection of biotinylated dextran amine (BDA) into the medial or commissural subnucleus of the NTS, EM1-IR/BDA and EM2-IR/BDA double-labeled fibers and terminals were mainly distributed in the ventrolateral or lateral column of the PAG, respectively. The results indicate that EMergic pathway from the NTS to PAG is topographically organized, and suggest that EMs released from NTS to PAG projecting terminals may bind to μ-opioid receptor on the PAG neurons, and thereby contribute to various functions.     

葛根素对糖尿病胃肠病变大鼠胃肠道形态、功能及一氧化氮、内皮素的影响

目的:观察葛根素对糖尿病胃肠病变大鼠一氧化氮(NO)和内皮素(ET)的影响.方法:选择空腹血糖≥16.7mmol/L,伴胃肠道症状大鼠.随机分为模型对照组、葛根素组和吗丁啉组,随时观察记录大鼠一般状况.治疗12周后,摘除眼球,取血2ml,测定血浆ET水平;采血后立即处死动物取胃,测定胃残留率;取胃窦组织,测定NO含量.结果:葛根素能改善糖尿病大鼠胃肠病变病状,与模型组比较差异有统计学意义,吗丁啉组与模型组比较差异无统计学意义;葛根素能降低胃残留率,与模型组比较差异有统计学意义,与吗丁啉组比较差异无统计学意义;葛根素能降低血浆ET水平和增加胃窦组织NO含量,与模型组比较差异有统计学意义,吗丁啉组与模型组比较差异无统计学意义.结论:葛根素对糖尿病大鼠胃肠病变具有一定的防治作用.     

Sphingosine kinase 1 regulates the expression of proinflammatory cytokines and nitric oxide in activated microglia

Microglial activation has been implicated as one of the causative factors for neuroinflammation in various neurodegenerative diseases. The sphingolipid metabolic pathway plays an important role in inflammation, cell proliferation, survival, chemotaxis, and immunity in peripheral macrophages. In this study, we demonstrate that sphingosine kinase1 (SphK1), a key enzyme of the sphingolipid metabolic pathway, and its receptors are expressed in the mouse BV2 microglial cells and SphK1 alters the expression and production of proinflammatory cytokines and nitric oxide in microglia treated with lipopolysaccharide (LPS). LPS treatment increased the SphK1 mRNA and protein expression in microglia as revealed by the RT–PCR, Western blot and immunofluorescence. Suppression of SphK1 by its inhibitor, N, N Dimethylsphingosine (DMS), or siRNA resulted in decreased mRNA expression of TNF-α, IL-1β, and iNOS and release of TNF-α and nitric oxide (NO) in LPS-activated microglia. Moreover, addition of sphingosine 1 phosphate (S1P), a breakdown product of sphingolipid metabolism, increased the expression levels of TNF-α, IL-1β and iNOS and production of TNF-α and NO in activated microglia. Hence to summarize, suppression of SphK1 in activated microglia inhibits the production of proinflammatory cytokines and NO and the addition of exogenous S1P to activated microglia enhances their inflammatory responses. Since the chronic proinflammatory cytokine production by microglia has been implicated in neuroinflammation, modulation of SphK1 and S1P in microglia could be looked upon as a future potential therapeutic method in the control of neuroinflammation in neurodegenerative diseases.     

小剂量抗抑郁药治疗难治性结肠易激综合征的疗效观察

目的：探讨小剂量抗抑郁药治疗难治性结肠易激综合征的疗效。方法：采用自身对照研究，选择符合罗马Ⅱ诊断标准的难治性非便秘型肠易激综合征患者46例，给予小剂量氟西汀或帕罗西汀（10mg／d），疗程12周；采用症状严重度与频率指数、汉密尔例顿抑郁量表（HAMD）及汉密顿焦虑量表（HAMA）评分对其疗效进行评价。结果：46名患者均完成了抗抑郁药治疗，疗程结束后患者症状严重度与频率指数较治疗前均显著降低（P〈0．01），HAMD、HAMA评分亦明显下降（P〈0．01）。结论：小剂量抗抑郁药是治疗难治性结肠易激综合征的安全和有效的药物。     

Cloning and characterization of a novel gene which encodes a protein interacting with the mitosis-associated kinase-like protein NTKL

NTKL is an evolutionarily conserved kinase-like protein. The cell-cycle-dependent centrosomal localization of NTKL suggested that it was involved in centrosome-related cellular function. The mouse NTKL protein is highly homologous with human NTKL. A novel mouse protein was identified as an NTKL-binding protein (NTKL-BP1) by yeast two-hybrid screening, and the full-length cDNA was amplified based on the result of a sequence data analysis cloning strategy. The full-length cDNA sequence of the NTKL-BP1 gene consists of 2,537 bp, which encode 368 amino acids. A database search revealed that homologues of NTKL-BP1 exist in different organisms, including Arabidopsis thaliana, Drosophila melanogaster, Plasmodium falciparum, Geobacter metallireducens, Anopheles gambiae and human. It suggests that NTKL-BP1 is an evolutionarily conserved protein. The expression of NTKL-BP1 was observed in multiple normal mouse tissues. The interaction of the two proteins was confirmed by co-immunoprecipitation. Moreover, immunofluorescent staining indicated that NTKL and NTKL-BP1 were all localized in the cytoplasm.