侧脑室注射东莨菪碱和酚妥拉明对幼兔分辨学习的影响

目的 探讨东莨菪碱和酚妥拉明对幼兔分辨学习的影响。方法 将30只比利时纯种幼兔从生后13日龄随机分为三组：东莨菪碱组、酚妥拉明组和生理盐水对照组，观察不同日龄各组幼兔的分辨学习能力。结果 幼兔分辨学习的正确反应一般始于生后15日龄。侧脑室注射东莨菪碱对16日龄以前幼兔分辨学习无明显影响，对17日龄以后幼兔分辨学习产生明显抑制作用。侧脑室注射酚妥拉明对13—23日龄幼兔分辨学习均有明显抑制作用。结论 幼兔生后发育过程中学习能力的发展具明显的阶段性，其原因可能与神经递质系统的发育成熟有关。     

甲状腺肿瘤X线造影与超声检查对比分析

本文报告了经手术病理证实的53例甲状腺肿瘤,均作了甲状腺造影和B超检查.通过比较分析,我们认为造影对确定肿瘤的良、恶性以及延伸到胸骨后的异位甲状腺肿瘤有其优越性,是一项有效的检查方法;超声则能准确地判断肿瘤的囊、实性,适合碘过敏患者的检查.两种检查各有特点,配合使用有利于对甲状腺肿瘤的诊断和治疗.     

柠檬月亮

明月的公司叫MOONRIVER，不知道的人总以为那些带着粗糙划痕的石壁圈住的是一个咖啡厅，其实不是。屋子里只有素色的窗帘和柔软的沙发，茶几上没有咖啡，但永远放着新鲜的柠檬水，明月接待客 从不做笔录，优质的采访机放在不被注意的地方，工作的时候，电源信号灯轻轻闪烁，明明灭灭。     

脱细胞尿道及其海绵体基质制备的实验研究

目的 探索脱细胞尿道及其海绵体基质的制备方法。方法取健康壮年兔完整尿道及其海绵体组织，以Triton-X100与NH3H2O联合提取法进行脱细胞处理。标本做HE染色，组织学观察分析脱细胞效果。结果脱细胞处理11天后，成功获得脱细胞及其海绵体基质，所得基质外观良好。HE染色观察无细胞存在。弹力纤维排列规整，间隙较大，结构无破坏。结论利用Triton-X100与NH3H2O联合提取法可成功制备完整无细胞尿道及其海绵体基质，为尿道再造修复提供崭新思路。     

Reconstruction of distal phalanx defect with microsurgical fascia latae flaps combined with rib and skin graft]

OBJECTIVE: To evaluate the clinical application of microsurgical fascia latae flaps combined with rib and skin graft for reconstruction of the distal phalanx defect. METHODS: The phalanx wounds were sutured together like syndactyly. The autologeous rib was revised to repair the bone defect of distal phalanx. The fascia latae flap was used to cover the bone exposure with microvascular anastomoses and resurfaced by a meshed split-thickness skin graft. RESULTS: 5 cases were treated successfully. The fascia latae flaps were all survived with only skin graft necrosis at the distal end in one case. It was healed spontaneously. CONCLUSIONS: The fascia latae flap is nourished by the desending branch of the lateral circumflex femoral artery. The flaps has a good blood supply and can be easily obtained with a long vascular pedicle. The flap is ideal for the reconstruction of distal phalanx defect when combined with autologeous rib implant and skin graft.     

Immunohistochemical analyses of gastric stromal tumors in Taiwanese.

BACKGROUND AND PURPOSE: Gastrointestinal stromal tumors (GISTs), identified by the presence of CD117 (KIT), were previously classified as gastric and intestinal smooth muscle tumors prior to the availability of immunohistochemical methods. This study evaluated the percentage of GISTs previously diagnosed as gastric smooth muscle tumors in our hospital during an 11-year period. METHODS: A total of 81 surgically resected gastric smooth muscle tumor specimens from 81 patients were collected from January 1986 to December 1997. Immunohistochemical studies were performed on these tumors with antibodies of CD34, CD117, smooth muscle actin (SMA), S-100, and desmin. RESULTS: Among the 81 tumors, 74 (91.4%) were CD117-positive and were classified as GISTs. Among the 74 GISTs, CD34 was positive in 72 tumors (97.3%), SMA was positive in 12 tumors (16.2%), desmin was positive in 5 tumors (6.7%), and S-100 was positive in 4 tumors (5.4%). The 7 tumors classified as non-GISTs had the following immunohistochemical characteristics: 1 was a CD117-negative CD34-positive stromal tumor (GINST) [1/81, 1.2%]; 3 were schwannomas with strong S-100-positive characteristics (3/81, 3.7%); and 3 were smooth muscle tumors with both SMA- and desmin-positive status (3/81, 3.7%). No clear relationship between CD117 or CD34 expression and prognosis was found for these tumors. CONCLUSIONS: The majority (91.4%) of gastric tumors originally diagnosed as gastric smooth muscle tumors were GISTs, except for small groups of smooth muscle tumors and schwannomas.     

Alterations in mammalian target of rapamycin signaling pathways after traumatic brain injury.

In response to traumatic brain injury (TBI), neurons initiate neuroplastic processes through the activation of intracellular signaling pathways. However, the molecular mechanisms underlying neuroplasticity after TBI are poorly understood. To study this, we utilized the fluid-percussion brain injury (FPI) model to investigate alterations in the mammalian target of rapamycin (mTOR) signaling pathways in response to TBI. Mammalian target of rapamycin stimulates mRNA translation through phosphorylation of eukaryotic initiation factor 4E binding protein-1 (4E-BP1), p70 ribosomal S6 kinase (p70S6K), and ribosomal protein S6 (rpS6). These pathways coordinate cell growth and neuroplasticity via dendritic protein synthesis. Rats received sham surgery or moderate parasagittal FPI on the right side of the parietal cortex, followed by 15 mins, 30 mins, 4 h, 24 h, or 72 h of recovery. Using Western blot analysis, we found that mTOR, p70S6K, rpS6, and 4E-BP1 phosphorylation levels were significantly increased in the ipsilateral parietal cortex and hippocampus from 30 mins to 24 h after TBI, whereas total protein levels were unchanged. Using confocal microscopy to localize these changes, we found that rpS6 phosphorylation was increased in the parietal cortex and all subregions of the hippocampus. In accordance with these results, eIF4E, a key, rate-limiting mRNA translation factor, was also phosphorylated by mitogen-activated protein kinase-interacting kinase 1 (Mnk1) 15 mins after TBI. Together, these results suggest that changes in mRNA translation may be one mechanism that neurons use to respond to trauma and may contribute to the neuroplastic changes observed after TBI.     

清心莲子饮加减降低肾性血尿复发率临床观察

目的:探讨降低慢性原发性肾小球性血尿复发率的有效方法。方法:将经过治疗血尿转阴的慢性原发性肾小球性血尿患者52例,随机分为治疗组和对照组各26例,治疗组延长疗程,用清心莲子饮加减巩固治疗3个月,对照组停用药物治疗,嘱其注意休息,调畅情志,避免吃辛辣刺激食品。结果:两组疗效有显著性差异(P<0.05),治疗组复发率明显降低。结论:延长疗程,用清心莲子饮加减巩固治疗,具有降低慢性原发性肾小球性血尿复发率的显著作用。     

Exogenous advanced glycosylation end products induce diabetes-like vascular dysfunction in normal rats: a factor in diabetic retinopathy

BACKGROUND. Diabetic retinopathy has been shown to be directly associated with the degree and duration of hyperglycemia, and advanced glycosylation end products (AGEs) have been implicated in this pathological process. The purpose of the experiments reported here was to study the effect of AGE deposition on retinal vascular damage which leads to diabetic retinopathy. METHODS. Intravenous injection of exogenous AGEs was used to treat wild-type non-diabetic Sprague-Dawley rats. One of the two retinal slides from each animal was treated using immunohistochemical staining to label retinal vascular AGE deposition, the other H&E staining for counting of capillary pericytes. The results were compared with the findings in untreated wild-type and diabetic controls and in rats treated with unmodified rat serum albumin (RSA). RESULTS. After 2 weeks of continuous treatment, AGEs were identified in the retinal vascular tissue of the AGE-RSA-injected group. The average number of retinal capillary pericytes per 10x100 microscope power field was 4.313+/-0.34 (mean +/- SD) in the AGE-RSA-injected group, compared with 5.798+/-0.481 in the control group ( P<0.01). CONCLUSION. These experiments demonstrate that AGEs, independent of other metabolic factors, can induce vascular change resembling that of diabetic retinopathy.