CSCO guidelines for colorectal cancer version 2022: Updates and discussions

<正>Colorectal cancer(CRC) is the third most common cancer worldwide and the second most common in tumor-related mortality by Global Cancer Statistics 2020(1). Recent data show that the incidence and mortality of CRC in China are increasing(2-4), with the number of new cases and deaths reaching 607,900 and 261,777 in 2019.     

青少年多囊卵巢综合征与其父母代谢综合征的相关性研究

目的探讨青少年多囊卵巢综合征（PCOS）与其父母代谢综合征（MBS）的相关性。方法选择2004年3月—2007年3月在浙江省慈溪市妇幼保健院与慈溪市人民医院的36例PCOS青少年患者（11～16岁）及其父母（35例母亲,19例父亲）、21例正常青少年（女,11～16岁）,进行其体质量指数（BMI）、腰围、血压测量,并检测其血清胆固醇（TC）、三酰甘油（TG）、雄性激素水平,同时进行糖耐量测定（OGTT）及超声检查多囊卵巢情况。结果①PCOS患者的父亲94%肥胖或超重,79%患有MBS。②PCOS患者的母亲停经前36%患MBS,明显高于患PCOS者（≤20%）。③PCOS患者的多囊卵巢特征极少数遗传于母亲,其主要遗传于父亲的MBS因素（P=0.008）。④PCOS患者中28%患有MBS。结论青少年PCOS在根本上是由其父亲患有MBS遗传因素所致。     

不同频率神经肌肉电刺激对ARDS相关性ICU-AW小鼠肌肉萎缩防治及临床意义

目的 不同频率下神经肌肉电刺激(neuromuscular electrical stimulation,NMES)在ARDS相关性ICU获得性衰弱(ICU-acquired weakness,ICU-AW)中的作用及机制。方法 健康雄性C57BL/6小鼠88只随机分为11组,每组8只。分为:空白对照组(C1)、气管内注入无菌水组(C2)、ICU-AW模型组(ICU-AW)、ICU-AW+AMPK激动剂A-769662组(ICU-AW-A)、ICU-AW+A-769662溶剂对照组(ICU-AWV)、NMES 20 Hz组(ICU-AW-20)、NMES 40 Hz组(ICU-AW-40)、NMES 60 Hz组(ICU-AW-60)、NMES80 Hz组(ICU-AW-80)、ICU-AW-40+AMPK抑制剂Compound C组(ICU-AW-40-C)、ICU-AW-40+Compound C溶剂对照组(ICU-AW-40-V)。检测小鼠四肢抓力和存活状态,7 d后收集小鼠肺组织和腓肠肌标本,采用HE染色观察肺和肌肉病理学变化,采用western blot以及qRT-PCR的方...     

小剂量利妥昔单抗联合糖皮质激素治疗儿童落叶型天疱疮一例疗效观察

患儿男,9岁,头皮红斑、糜烂伴瘙痒1个月,泛发全身1周。皮损组织病理：表皮内颗粒层下方水疱形成,疱内见大量棘层松解细胞,真皮浅层小血管周围淋巴细胞及嗜酸性粒细胞浸润。直接免疫荧光检查示表皮细胞间IgG、补体C3呈网状沉积,IgM、IgA阴性。酶联免疫吸附实验检测血清抗Dsg1抗体阳性（157.00 U/ml）。诊断：落...     

反相高效液相色谱法测定苯磺酸氨氯地平胶囊的含量和有关物质

目的建立测定苯磺酸氨氯地平胶囊中苯磺酸氨氯地平含量及有关物质的反相高效液相色谱(RP-HPLC)法。方法采用HypersilBDS柱(200 mm×4.6 mm,5μm),以0.01 mol/L磷酸氢二钾溶液(含0.7%三乙胺,磷酸调pH=4.0±0.1)-乙腈(70∶30)为流动相,流速为1.0 mL/min,柱温为30℃,检测波长237 nm。结果苯磺酸氨氯地平峰和相邻杂质峰可达到有效分离(R>1.5)。苯磺酸氨氯地平质量浓度在5.0～50.0μg/mL范围内与峰面积线性关系良好(r=0.999 9,n=5);低、中、高3种质量浓度的平均回收率分别为99.17%,100.03%,99.85%,RSD分别为1.21%,0.87%,1.06%(n=3);方法的精密度和重复性良好,RSD均小于2%。结论该方法准确、简便、快速,适用于苯磺酸氨氯地平胶囊的质量控制。     

The cell cycle inhibitor P21 promotes the development of pulmonary fibrosis by suppressing lung alveolar regeneration

The cell cycle inhibitor P21 has been implicated in cell senescence and plays an important role in the injury–repair process following lung injury. Pulmonary fibrosis (PF) is a fibrotic lung disorder characterized by cell senescence in lung alveolar epithelial cells. In this study, we report that P21 expression was increased in alveolar epithelial type 2 cells (AEC2s) in a time-dependent manner following multiple bleomycin-induced PF. Repeated injury of AEC2s resulted in telomere shortening and triggered P21-dependent cell senescence. AEC2s with elevated expression of P21 lost their self-renewal and differentiation abilities. In particular, elevated P21 not only induced cell cycle arrest in AEC2s but also bound to P300 and β-catenin and inhibited AEC2 differentiation by disturbing the P300–β-catenin interaction. Meanwhile, senescent AEC2s triggered myofibroblast activation by releasing profibrotic cytokines. Knockdown of P21 restored AEC2-mediated lung alveolar regeneration in mice with chronic PF. The results of our study reveal a mechanism of P21-mediated lung regeneration failure during PF development, which suggests a potential strategy for the treatment of fibrotic lung diseases.     

Preclinical evaluation and pilot clinical study of [18F]AlF-labeled FAPI-tracer for PET imaging of cancer associated fibroblasts

In recent years, fibroblast activation protein (FAP) has emerged as an attractive target for the diagnosis and radiotherapy of cancers using FAP-specific radioligands. Herein, we aimed to design a novel ¹⁸F-labeled FAP tracer ([¹⁸F]AlF-P-FAPI) for FAP imaging and evaluated its potential for clinical application. The [¹⁸F]AlF-P-FAPI novel tracer was prepared in an automated manner within 42 min with a non-decay corrected radiochemical yield of 32 ± 6% (n = 8). Among A549-FAP cells, [¹⁸F]AlF-P-FAPI demonstrated specific uptake, rapid internalization, and low cellular efflux. Compared to the patent tracer [¹⁸F]FAPI-42, [¹⁸F]AlF-P-FAPI exhibited lower levels of cellular efflux in the A549-FAP cells and higher stability in vivo. Micro-PET imaging in the A549-FAP tumor model indicated higher specific tumor uptake of [¹⁸F]AlF-P-FAPI (7.0 ± 1.0% ID/g) compared to patent tracers [¹⁸F]FAPI-42 (3.2 ± 0.6% ID/g) and [⁶⁸Ga]Ga-FAPI-04 (2.7 ± 0.5% ID/g). Furthermore, in an initial diagnostic application in a patient with nasopharyngeal cancer, [¹⁸F]AlF-P-FAPI and [¹⁸F]FDG PET/CT showed comparable results for both primary tumors and lymph node metastases. These results suggest that [¹⁸F]AlF-P-FAPI can be conveniently prepared, with promising characteristics in the preclinical evaluation. The feasibility of FAP imaging was demonstrated using PET studies.     

Bond Properties of Magnesium Phosphate Cement-Based Engineered Cementitious Composite with Ordinary Concrete

A magnesium phosphate cement-based engineered cementitious composite (MPC-ECC) was developed using polyvinyl alcohol (PVA) fibers and fly ash. In this study, the bond behavior of MPC-ECC with ordinary concrete was evaluated through single and double shear bond strength tests. The effects of the water to solid mass ratio (W/S), the sand to binder mass ratio (S/B), the molar ratio of MgO to KH2PO4 (M/P), the fly ash content (F), the borax dosage (B), the volume fraction of PVA fibers (Vf), and curing age on the bond behavior of MPC-ECC with ordinary concrete were examined. The results showed that as the W/S increased, the single and double shear bond strengths were gradually reduced. As the S/B increased, the double shear bond strength increased; the single shear bond strength first decreased up to an S/B of 0.1 and then increased. With the increase of M/P, the single and double shear bond strengths increased. With the increase of F, the single shear bond strength first increased up to an F of 30% and then decreased; the double shear bond strength decreased. With the increase of B, the single and double shear bond strengths increased first and then decreased, and their strength reached its maximum at a B of 6%. The increase of Vf improved the single and double shear bond strengths. The research results can provide some technical guidance for repairing concrete structures with MPC-ECC.