Effect of chronic selenite supplementation on selenium excretion and organ accumulation in rats

We examined the effect of chronic selenite supplementation on whole body and selected organ selenium (Se) accumulation, urine excretion of total Se and trimethylselenonium ion, and Se balance in adult male rats. Animals were housed in metabolic cages and given either deionized water or water containing 4 micrograms of Se/mL as selenite for 30 d. Absorption of selenite was nearly complete, with only approximately 10% of ingested Se appearing in feces. There was a rapid rise in urinary Se that reached a plateau within a few days and accounted for 54 +/- 2% of the intake. Excretion of trimethylselenonium ion (TMSe) in urine increased rapidly, representing 35-40% of urinary Se in the supplemented animals compared with only 2% for the control group. In one experiment, rats were killed at 30 d and total carcass Se was measured using isotope dilution analysis. Supplemented rats had only a modest increase in whole body Se (94 +/- 4 micrograms Se vs. 66 +/- 3 in controls). Calculation of Se balance in the supplemented rats showed that approximately 35% of ingested Se could not be accounted for by urine plus fecal losses combined with the portion retained in the carcass. The results from this study demonstrate that under the condition of supplementation at 4 micrograms of Se/mL of drinking water, pathways other than urinary and fecal excretion may account for a substantial portion of Se loss.     

自主神经功能与功能性便秘患者临床症状的相关性分析

目的：根据功能性便秘（functional constipation,FC）患者临床资料分析内脏自主神经功能与便秘症状特征、心理状态及生活质量的相关性。方法：评估102例FC患者和42例健康对照者的一般资料、精神心理状态和心率变异性（heart rate variability,HRV）检测结果,再根据HRV检测结果将FC患者分为自主神经张力偏向正常组、严重偏向交感神经张力组和严重偏向副交感神经张力组;比较各组间Zung’s焦虑自评量表（self-rating anxiety scale,SAS）和抑郁自评量表（self-rating depression scale,SDS）、便秘评分系统（constipation scoring system,CSS）和便秘患者症状自评量表（patient assessment of constipation symptoms, PAC-SYM）、便秘患者生活质量自评问卷（patient assessment of constipation quality of life,PAC-QOL）分值差异,同时比较不同 HRV分组间肛直肠测压参数、肠电图参数差异,分析便秘患者生活质量与自主神经功能、精神心理状态、便秘症状之间的相关性。结果：与健康对照组相比,FC患者焦虑抑郁水平显著升高,HRV检测结果显示自主神经功能异常率高。不同HRV分组的 FC患者间肛直肠测压参数、肠电图参数差异无统计学意义;与交感-副交感神经张力偏向正常组相比,严重偏向交感神经张力组患者明显存在明显的焦虑抑郁情绪、PAC-SYM较高、生活质量降低（主要是躯体不适和担心焦虑两个维度）。严重偏向副交感神经张力组患者CSS评分最高,可能与抑郁情绪为主导有关。多重线性回归显示,患者的焦虑抑郁情绪、自主神经功能显著影响便秘患者生活质量。结论：自主神经功能紊乱的便秘患者存在明显的焦虑抑郁情绪,与便秘严重程度相比,自主神经功能紊乱、焦虑抑郁情绪对便秘患者的生活质量具有更明显的负面影响。调节自主神经功能、心理干预或中枢神经药物等治疗可能具有重要临床意义。     

LncRNA VIM-AS1通过miR-497-5p/FBXW7轴调控高糖环境下视网膜内皮细胞的迁移和凋亡

目的：探讨长链非编码RNA(lncRNA)VIM反义RNA 1(VIM-AS1)在糖尿病视网膜病变中的潜在分子机制。方法：使用q RT-PCR测定LncRNA VIM-AS1、miR-497-5p和FBXW7 mRNA的表达。使用蛋白质印迹检测FBXW7蛋白水平。分别使用CCK-8实验、伤口愈合实验和流式细胞技术分析评估细胞增殖、迁移和凋亡。通过双荧光素酶报告基因分析验证lncRNA VIM-AS1、miR-497-5p和FBXW7之间的结合关系。结果：在高糖处理的ARPE-19细胞中,LncRNAVIM-AS1和FBXW7的表达显著降低,而miR-497-5p的表达上调。LncRNA VIM-AS1可以通过竞争性结合miR-497-5p上调FBXW7的表达。LncRNA VIMAS1过表达能够促进HG处理的ARPE-19细胞的增殖和迁移,并抑制细胞凋亡,而miR-497-5p过表达消除了lncRNA VIM-AS1过表达对HG处理的ARPE-19细胞的影响。此外,FBXW7敲低消除了miR-497-5p对HG处理的ARPE-19细胞表型的抑制。结论：lncRNA VIM-AS1可通过...     

慢加急性肝衰竭诊断标准的研究进展

慢加急性肝衰竭(ACLF)是指在慢性肝病基础上遭受急性打击后,出现严重的急性肝功能失代偿,其因病情进展迅速、短期死亡率极高,引起了全球肝病学家的关注。但由于不同国家(地区)ACLF的病因及临床特征等存在明显的差异,目前国内外ACLF的诊断标准多达十余种。本文通过回顾几种较为常用的ACLF定义,以及ACLF诊断标准相关研究,比较各ACLF诊断标准之间的差异,以期帮助临床医生更好地识别ACLF、优化临床决策。目前全球尚无公认的ACLF诊断标准,国内外ACLF的诊断标准存在着较大差异,临床医生在实际工作中选用何种ACLF诊断标准应根据患者慢性肝病的病因、临床特征等因素综合考虑。     

芪苈强心胶囊联合尼可地尔对射血分数保留性心力衰竭患者心功能及细胞因子的影响

目的 探讨芪苈强心胶囊联合尼可地尔对射血分数保留性心力衰竭患者心功能及细胞因子的影响。方法 连续入选2019年10月至2020年10月诊断为射血分数保留性心力衰竭的患者共90例,随机分为观察组(45例)与对照组(45例)。对照组给予常规抗心力衰竭药物加芪苈强心胶囊治疗,观察组在对照组治疗基础上,加用尼可地尔治疗。比较两组患者一般临床资料、细胞因子水平、心功能各项指标。随访1年患者心功能情况、细胞因子水平以及不良心脑血管事件(MACCEs)发生情况。结果 两组患者接受治疗1年后脑钠肽(BNP)、左室舒张末期内径、白细胞介素(IL)-1β、IL-6、肿瘤坏死因子-α(TNF-α)均降低,射血分数(EF)值较治疗前升高,差异有统计学意义(P<0.05)。组间对比发现,两组患者入院时基础BNP、细胞因子、超声心能指标(LVEF、左室舒张末期内径、左房内径)差异无统计学意义(P>0.05);接受治疗1年后观察组IL-1β、IL-6、TNF-α、BNP、左室舒张末期内径低于对照组,EF值高于对照组,差异有统计学意义(P<0.05)。随访1年对照组共有7例发生终点事件,观察组共有4...     

利用密度的指数原理优化X射线中骨骼的边缘

利用指数衰减原理来抑制 x射线图像中小密度组织对骨骼边缘的影响 ,利用该方法很容易使用直方图原理提取出骨骼的边缘和内部结构变化的二值图 ,并有效地抑制了背景对骨骼边缘的影响 ,结合 canny算子的结果 ,可以有效地提取人体复杂结构中骨骼的边缘。     

紫外线对两种聚四氟乙烯电荷储存稳定性的影响

利用在室温下的栅控恒压电晕充电后经不同强度紫外线辐照的表面电位测量,研究了紫外线对聚四氟乙烯(polytetrafluoroethylene,PTFE)多孔膜、聚四氟乙烯非多孔膜驻极体电荷储存稳定性的影响,探讨了两种聚四氟乙烯驻极体医疗产品使用紫外消毒方法的可行性.结果:(1)在常温条件下,紫外线辐照对两种聚四氟乙烯驻极体的电荷储存稳定性的影响不大;(2)聚四氟乙烯多孔膜驻极体的电荷储存能力随环境湿度的提高而略有下降;(3)聚四氟乙烯医用驻极体产品可采用紫外消毒法消毒.     

Development of a Western Blot Assay for Detection of Antibodies against Coronavirus Causing Severe Acute Respiratory Syndrome

To identify a major antigenic determinant for use in the development of a rapid serological diagnostic test for severe acute respiratory syndrome (SARS) coronavirus infection and to study the immune response during SARS coronavirus infection in humans, we cloned the full length and six truncated fragments of the nucleocapsid gene, expressed them, and purified them as glutathione S-transferase-tagged recombinant proteins. The reactivities of the recombinant proteins to a panel of antibodies containing 33 SARS coronavirus-positive sera and 66 negative sera and to antibodies against other animal coronaviruses were screened. A truncated 195-amino-acid fragment from the C terminus of the nucleocapsid protein (N195) was identified that had a strong ability to detect antibodies against SARS coronavirus. No cross-reaction was found between the N195 protein and antibodies against chicken, pig, and canine coronaviruses. The N195 protein was used to develop a Western blot assay to detect antibodies against SARS coronavirus in 274 clinically blinded samples. The specificity and sensitivity of this test were 98.3 and 90.9%, respectively. The correlation between our Western blotting assay and an immunofluorescence assay (IFA) was also analyzed. The results of our Western blot assay and IFA for the detection of SARS coronavirus-positive sera were the same. Thus, the N195 protein was identified as a suitable protein to be used as an antigen in Western blot and other possible assays for the detection of SARS coronavirus infection.     

Ontogenetic transition in fetal wound transforming growth factor-beta regulation correlates with collagen organization

Fetal rat skin transitions from scarless fetal-type repair to adult-type repair with scar between day 16 (E16) and day 18 (E18) of gestation (term = 21.5 days). Deficient transforming growth factor (TGF)-beta 1 and -beta 2 injury response has been proposed as a mechanism for scarless fetal-type repair. However, previous fetal studies have inconsistently reported the degree of TGF-beta induction after injury. To minimize developmental variables in fetal versus adult TGF-beta regulation, we narrowed our study to wounded fetal animals. We hypothesize that TGF-beta ligand and receptor expression will be differentially regulated during the transition from early gestation (E16) wounds manifesting scarless fetal-type repair to late gestation (E19) wounds manifesting adult-type repair with scar. In this study, decreased and rapidly cleared TGF-beta 1 and -beta 2 expression accompanied by increased and prolonged TGF-beta 3 levels in wounded E16 animals correlated with organized collagen deposition. In contrast, increased and prolonged TGF-beta 1 and -beta 2 expression accompanied by decreased and delayed TGF-beta 3 expression in wounded E19 animals correlated with disorganized collagen architecture. Similarly, expression of TGF-beta receptors type I and II were also increased or prolonged in E19 animals. Our results implicate increased TGF-beta 1, -beta 2, and decreased TGF-beta 3 expression, as well as increased type I and II receptor expression in late gestation fetal scar formation.