自身免疫疾病相关检测试剂注册技术要点分析

XIE Yi(Center for Medical Device Evaluation,NMPA,Beijing 100081,China)     

Edgwise矫治器在固定外伤松动牙中的应用

目的 寻求一种固定外伤松动乳牙或年轻恒牙的新方法。方法 43例4～14岁的66颗外伤松动牙，常规粘结托槽、方丝及结扎丝“8”字结扎固定，3个月后拆除。治疗前、治疗后1个月、2个月、3个月、半年拍摄根尖片，观察愈合情况。结果 75．7％正常愈合，15．2％根吸收，3．0％牙冠变色，3．0％牙冠变色。结论 Edgwise托槽应用于外伤松动牙的固定安全、简便、损伤小、易清洁，效果满意。     

总义齿、覆盖义齿和种植覆盖义齿修复后咀嚼效率和下颌运动型的比较

目的　比较总义齿 (completedenture ,CD )、覆盖义齿 (completeoverdenture ,COD )和种植覆盖义齿 (implant supportedoverdenture ,IOD)修复后患者的咀嚼效率和下颌运动轨迹的差异。 方法　分别选取CD、COD和IOD修复后患者各 14名 ,在义齿正常戴用半年后测量患者的咀嚼效率和下颌运动轨迹。对下颌运动轨迹从规则程度、末端集中性、额状面的分型和咀嚼运动中的接触滑动4个方面进行评价 ,测试用食物为杏仁和小枣。结果　IOD组患者咀嚼枣和杏仁的效率均显著高于CD组 (P <0 0 1) ;COD组患者咀嚼杏仁的效率显著高于CD组 (P <0 0 1)。COD组患者咀嚼枣的效率高于CD组 ,且IOD组患者咀嚼枣和杏仁的效率高于COD组 ,但其间差异无显著性。IOD组患者下颌运动轨迹的规则程度显著优于CD组 (P <0 0 5 ) ,末端轨迹集中性也显著优于CD组 (P <0 0 1)。结论　IOD和COD修复有利于提高无牙颌患者或口内只保留个别残根患者的咀嚼效率。IOD修复患者较CD修复患者具有更加规则的下颌运动型。     

Induction of dental pulp fibroblast matrix metalloproteinase-1 and tissue inhibitor of metalloproteinase-1 gene expression by interleukin-1alpha and tumor necrosis factor-alpha through a prostaglandin-dependent pathway

Matrix metalloproteinase-1 (MMP-1) and tissue inhibitor of metalloproteinase-1 (TIMP-1) are involved in the degradation of extracellular matrix in many inflammatory diseases. Little is known regarding the expression of these mediators in dental pulp fibroblasts. The effects of proinflammatory cytokines (interleukin (IL)-1alpha and tumor necrosis factor-alpha (TNF-alpha)) and prostaglandin E2 (PGE2) on pulp fibroblast MMP-1 and TIMP-1 gene expression were investigated. Northern hybridization showed that IL-1alpha and TNF-alpha induced significant MMP-1 gene expression, with only little effect on TIMP-1 gene. Exogenous PGE2, however, upregulated TIMP-1 mRNA synthesis but not MMP-1. Concomitant addition of IL-1alpha and PGE2 or TNF-alpha and PGE2 suppressed MMP-1 mRNA production, compared with the groups treated with IL-1alpha or TNF-alpha alone. In contrast, PGE2 enhanced the upregulatory effects of TIMP-1 mRNA by IL-1alpha or TNF-alpha. Furthermore, cytokine stimulation of MMP-1 and TIMP-1 gene expressions can be enhanced or blocked by indomethacin, respectively, and reversed by exogenous PGE2. These results suggested that cytokine-stimulated MMP-1 and TIMP-1 gene expression in dental pulp fibroblasts was mediated, at least in part, by a prostaglandin-dependent pathway. The differential regulation of IL-1alpha or TNF-alpha-induced MMP-1 and TIMP-1 mRNA synthesis, as well as the direct upregulation of TIMP-1 gene expression by PGE2, also implied that prostaglandin may serve as a protective mechanism from excessive tissue breakdown during pulpitis.     

用Western Blot和原位杂交法研究Shh在小鼠牙胚钟状晚期的表达

目的 从形态学和半定量分析两方面研究Shh(Sonic Hedghog)基因在小鼠牙胚钟状晚期的表达，探讨Shh在牙胚钟状晚期的生物学作用。方法 取出生后1、2、3、5和7d(P1,P2,P3,P5,P7)的Bal b/c纯系小鼠牙胚，用Western印迹方法检测Shh的表达量；原位杂交检测Shh在出生后1d和3d天乳鼠牙胚中的表达部位与强度。结果 钟状晚期Shh特异表达于成釉细胞层，其强度随出生天数增加而减弱；随着成釉细胞发育成熟，44500Shh表达量逐渐降低，P1的吸光光度值为P7的5.5倍，P1，P2与P3可检测出活性Shh-N片段。结论 Shh在钟状晚期特异地表达于成釉细胞层，其表达量与成釉细胞的功能状态有关。     

新型舌侧磨牙远移器的研制和临床应用

目的 :研制新型舌侧磨牙远移器并运用于临床远移上颌磨牙。方法 :下颌牙弓排列较好的牙性安氏Ⅱ类错牙合病例 2 3例 ,平均年龄 12 .6岁 ,应用我科与杭州西湖生物材料研究所研制的舌侧磨牙远移器 ,采用 15 0 g力远移上颌第一磨牙 ,用头影测量分析上颌磨牙的远移效果。结果 :经过 3 -6个月 ,上颌磨牙平均整体远移 5 .8mm ,前牙覆牙合减少 2 .9mm ,覆盖增加 3 .4mm。远移完成后用Nance腭托将纠正后的安氏I类咬合关系保持 3个月。结论 :舌侧磨牙远移器可以在较少的支抗丧失情况下有效的远中移动上颌磨牙。该装置临床组装容易 ,可减少椅旁操作时间 ,患者易于接受。     

44例老年患者慢性根尖周炎伴皮瘘牙的治疗

自1992年以来,共诊治慢性根尖周炎致颌面部皮瘘的老年患者59例,其中15例因病源牙无保留价值,采取拔牙法而治愈皮瘘.其余44例的病源牙进行了保存治疗,经临床观察,疗效满意,报道如下. 临床资料:44例,男性27例,女性17例;年龄60～76岁,平均65.2岁.病程最短3个月,最长3年;本组病例颌骨均未发现伴有慢性骨髓炎.皮瘘发生的部位与牙位见附表.