Ultrafast Studies of ZrTe3 by Transient Absorption Spectrometer

Two-dimensional (2D) tri-TMDCs carrier dynamics provide a platform for studying excitons through Ultrafast Pump-Probe Transient Absorption Spectroscopy. Here we studied the ZrTe₃ nanosheets (NTs) exciton dynamics by transient absorption (TA) spectrometer. We observed different carrier dynamics in the ZrTe₃ NTs sample at different pump powers and with many wavelengths in the transient absorption spectrometer. The shorter life decay constant is associated with electron-phonon relaxation. Similarly, the longer-life decay constant represents the long live process that is associated with charge separation. The interactions between carrier-phonons at nanoscale materials can be changed by phonons quantum confinements. The hot carrier lifetime determined the strength of carrier phonon interactions. The value of fast decay in the conduction band is due to carrier relaxation or the carrier gets trapped due to surface states or localized defects. The value of slow decay is due to the recombination of surface state and localized defects processes. The lifetime declines for long wavelengths as size decreases. Whereas, during short wavelength-independent decay, carrier characteristics have been observed. TA spectroscopy is employed to investigate insight information of the carrier’s dynamical processes such as carrier lifetime, cooling dynamics, carrier diffusion, and carrier excitations. The absorption enhanced along excitons density with the increase of pump power, which caused a greater number of carriers in the excited state than in the ground state. The TA signals consist of trap carriers and (electron-hole) constituents, which can be increased by TA changes that rely on photoexcitation and carrier properties.     

Effect of Solution Temperature on Microstructure and Properties of Thixotropic Back-Extruded Tin–Bronze Shaft Sleeve

To study the heat-treatment process of a semi-solid copper alloy, a thixotropic back-extruded tin–bronze shaft sleeve was heat-treated at 630 °C, 660 °C, 690 °C and 720 °C for 1 h, respectively. Microstructure changes and mechanical properties under different solution temperatures of shaft sleeve were characterized using a metallographic microscope (OM), scanning electron microscope (SEM), transmission electron microscope (TEM), hardness tester, and tensile tester. The results show that the tensile strength first increases and then decreases; the elongation decreases; and the Brinell hardness increases gradually with increasing solution temperature. When the solution treatment is at 690 °C, the tin–bronze shaft sleeve’s microstructure and comprehensive mechanical properties are the best. The shape factor is 0.75, the average grain size is 82.52 μm, the Brinell hardness is 122 HBW, the tensile strength is 437 MPa, and the elongation is 17.4%, which is 3.4 times higher than that before solution treatment.     

喉癌间质浸润免疫细胞的电镜观察

为在细胞学水平进一步了解免疫细胞和喉癌细胞间的相互关系，对12例喉鳞状细胞癌病树活检组织进行了光、电镜观察。光镜观察发现瘤体内免疫细胞浸润少，免疫细胞主要位于瘤体周边与正常组织交界处，主要为淋巴细胞，少数为浆细胞，部分病例可见嗜酸性白细胞及少数肥大细胞。电镜下发现免疫细胞和癌细胞之间有三种毗邻关系：①癌细胞团被大量免疫细胞包绕；②癌细胞团周围有少许免疫细胞；③单个或少数癌细胞被免疫细胞包绕，癌细胞发生退变。提示增强局部免疫应能增强宿主对喉癌的抑制作用。     

下食管括约肌球囊扩张建立咽喉反流性疾病兔模型

目的 探讨通过下食管括约肌(lower esophageal sphincter,LES)扩张建立咽喉反流性疾病(laryngo-phyngeal reflux disease,LPRD)模型的可行性.方法 18只新西兰白兔随机分为实验组10只和对照组8只,对实验组动物进行L ES测压定位后,使用球囊对L ES进行注水...     

江苏省≥10岁人群的眩晕流行病学调查研究

目的调查江苏省人群中眩晕的分布情况及相关因素，为制订防治策略提供科学依据。方法采用按容量比例概率抽样（PPS）方法，在江苏省常住人口中抽样，对其中≥10岁的6854人进行眩晕问卷调查、纯音测听和耳科检查。结果本研究实际接受调查6333人，应答率92．4％，男3035人（47．9％），女3298人（52．1％），年龄10～93岁。被调查人群中眩晕的总体患病率为4．1％（标化患病率：全国3．4％，江苏3．6％），眩晕患病率随年龄增加呈上升趋势（P=0．000）。女性眩晕患病率（5．3％）高于男性（2．8％）（P=0．000），城乡之间差异无显著性（农村4．3％。城镇3．8％．P=0．459）。听力减退、中耳炎病史、噪声暴露史是眩晕的危险因素，OR值分别为2．186、2．135、1．609。结论眩晕在江苏省人群中较为常见，其发生与多种因素有关，必须加强这些方面的防治研究。     

职业性噪声性聋与mtDNA缺失关系的探讨

目的 探讨线粒体DNA(mitochondrial DNA,mtDNA)缺失在噪声性聋发病中的可能作用.方法 在265名从事噪声作业的青年工人中,根据纯音听阈测试结果,分为语频听力损失组和语频听力正常组,其中自愿进入研究的语频听力损失组(A组)25人,双耳言语频率(500、1 000、2 000 Hz)听阈均值≥26 dB HL;在语频听力正常人群中随机抽取27人作为语频听力正常组(B组),两组分别抽取外周血,提取白细胞DNA,应用PCR方法检测mtDNA4977缺失情况.结果 A组mtDNA4977缺失检出率20%(5/25),B组mtDNA4977缺失检出率为0(0/27),A组mtDNA4977缺失检出率明显高于B组(P＜0.05).结论 mtDNA4977缺失可能在噪声性聋的发病中起重要作用,     

头颈部肿瘤患者自然杀伤细胞活性及计数分析

本文对25例头颈部肿瘤患者的外周血NK细胞杀伤活性及NK细胞计数进行测定，其中有15例患者手术治疗切除肿瘤，于术后三周复查NK活性及NK计数，并与正常人组对照。实验结果显示：头颈部肿瘤患者NK活性及NK计数均低于正常人，两组比较均有极显著性差异（P＜0．01）；术后患者的NK活性比术前有明显提高，配对t检验P＜0．01，NK计数比术前也有所提高，配对t检验P＜0．05，有显著性差异；NK活性的水平与肿瘤的分期有相关性，晚期（T4期）癌症患者NK活性明显低于早期（T1、T2）患者，可以看出NK活性随着肿瘤的发展而降低，肿瘤对宿主有免疫抑制作用；NK活性与NK数量之间无显著的相关性，二者之间的相关系数r＝0．344。     

原发性帕金森病患者嗅觉功能临床分析

目的 分析原发性帕金森病患者嗅球体积、嗅沟深度与嗅觉功能的相关性.方法 选取2011年1月至2013年12月天津市环湖医院原发性帕金森病患者(测试组)及无运动障碍的健康受试者(对照组)各100例,应用T&T嗅觉测试法检查所有受试者的嗅觉功能,并行嗅球体积、嗅沟深度的MRI检查及测量.对测试组进行H-Y分期、统一帕金森病评分量表(UPDRS)、左右肢体功能评分、简易精神状态检查表(MMSE)及蒙特利尔认知评估表(MoCA)检查.以SPSS 13.0软件进行统计学分析.结果 测试组T&T嗅觉识别阈分数为(3.0±0.3)分,明显高于对照组的(1.3±0.2)分,差异有统计学意义(t=2.537,P＜0.01),测试组、对照组男女嗅觉识别阈差异无统计学意义(t值分别为0.893、1.184,P值均＞0.05).测试组左右两侧嗅球体积[分别为(34.25 ±5.14)、(35.79±5.28)mm3]及平均嗅球体积[(35.28±5.21) mm3]均明显小于对照组[分别为(47.38±6.47)、(47.75 ±6.51)、(47.53±6.49)mm3],差异有统计学意义(t值分别为2.876、2.747、2.798,P值均＜0.01).测试组与对照组左右两侧嗅沟深度及平均嗅沟深度差异无统计学意义(t值分别为0.914、0.987、0.951,P值均＞0.05).测试组及对照组嗅觉识别阈与平均嗅球体积呈负相关趋势(r值分别为-0.537、-0.526,P值均＜0.05),与平均嗅沟深度无关(r值分别为-0.142,-0.157,P值均＞0.05).测试组平均嗅球体积与UPDRSⅢ、UPDRS总评分及H-Y分期具有相关趋势(r值分别为0.312、-0.419、-0.358,P值均＜0.05),与病程无相关性(r=-0.089,P＞0.05).结论 原发性帕金森病患者嗅球体积减小,嗅沟深度不变;其嗅觉功能与嗅球体积具有相关性,与嗅沟深度无关;其嗅觉减退的程度与疾病的严重程度具有一致性,与疾病的病程无关.     

Photocoagulation to prevent retinal detachment in acute retinal necrosis

Retinal detachment (RD) occurs in more than 50% of eyes with acute retinal necrosis (ARN) and is the leading cause of visual loss in this syndrome. In order to decrease the incidence of RD in ARN, the authors treated 12 eyes of 10 patients with prophylactic laser photocoagulation. Retinal detachment occurred in two eyes (17%). Over the same time period, seven eyes with ARN did not receive prophylactic laser treatment, most often because of dense vitreous debris, with a 67% rate of RD. Prophylactic photocoagulation treatment should be considered in the management of patients with ARN.     

基于角膜共焦激光显微镜检测的角膜基底神经变化与2型糖尿病视网膜微血管病变的相关性研究

目的 探讨角膜共焦激光显微镜检测的角膜基底神经变化与2型糖尿病(type 2 diabetes mellitus,T2DM)视网膜微血管病变的相关性.方法 选取2016年2月至2017年2月在我院治疗的T2DM患者118例,其中合并糖尿病视网膜病变(diabetic retinopathy,DR)患者57例(DR组),无DR患者61例(NDR组),同时选取健康志愿者60人作为对照组,所有研究对象采用角膜共焦激光显微镜检查,分析角膜神经形态参数与临床指标的关系.结果 DR组角膜神经纤维密度、角膜神经分支密度和角膜神经长度分别为(20.03±4.22)条·mm-2、(22.01 ±7.05)条·rnm-和(9.50±1.76)mm· mm-2,明显小于对照组和NDR组(均为P＜0.05),而角膜神经纤维弯曲度为0.30±0.03,明显高于对照组和NDR组(均为P＜0.05);DR患者中,Ⅲ期患者角膜神经纤维密度、角膜神经分支密度和角膜神经长度明显小于Ⅰ期和Ⅱ期DR患者(均为P＜0.05),而角膜神经纤维弯曲度明显高于Ⅰ期和Ⅱ期DR患者(均为P＜0.05).DR组病程为(12.04±2.48)a,明显高于NDR组(P＜0.05),而空腹C肽和空腹胰岛素分别为(1.41 ±0.58) μg·L-1和(20.05 ±7.91)mU·L-1,明显低于NDR组(均为P＜0.05).T2DM患者病程与角膜神经分支密度及角膜神经纤维长度呈负相关(r=-0.322、-0.317,均为P＜0.05);空腹C肽与角膜神经分支密度呈正相关(r =0.298,P＜0.05),与角膜神经弯曲度呈负相关(r=-0.311,P＜0.05).结论 T2DM视网膜微血管病变患者角膜神经形态参数异常,对病程较长或空腹C肽水平低的T2DM患者应用角膜共激光显微镜检测有助于早期发现微血管病变.