介绍一种新型口腔正畸托槽定位安放器

研制托槽安放、定位功能融为一体的正畸器械。此新型器械使托槽安放及定位一次完成，取消安放托槽后再进行定位这一破坏粘结强度的步骤，操作方便，值得临床推广应用。     

上颌前牙区种植修复5年临床疗效观察

目的:评估上颌前牙区种植义齿应用5年的临床效果.方法:2002年1月至2006年12月间,行上颌前牙区种植治疗患者234例,共植人种植体354颗.随访7～62个月,观察方法为X线片、临床检查及患者满意度调查.应用SPSS13.0软件包统计分析上颌前牙区种植义齿5年累计存留率(寿命表法),骨吸收情况(方差分析),软组织及美学效果.结果:上颌前牙区种植义齿5年累计存留率为97.9%;不同术式下种植体存留率无显著差异(P=1.00):种植体周垂直骨吸收量各年份相比无显著差异(P=0.88);19.8%的患者牙问乳头达到Jemt分级3分.91.7%患者对种植修复表示满意.结论:上颌前牙区行种植修复是有效的治疗方法.     

老年口腔癌患者手术前后血糖的比较

目的：比较老年口腔癌患者手术前后血糖的变化.方法：对57例70岁以上行口腔癌根治术的患者手术前后空腹血糖进行比较,并与同期其他年龄段行口腔癌根治术患者手术前后空腹血糖进行对比,行统计学分析.结果：所有口腔癌根治术患者术后血糖均较术前升高,而老年口腔癌患者术后血糖升高,较其他年龄段患者血糖升高差异有显著性.结论：胰腺功能和肾功能的减退,是老年口腔癌患者术后血糖升高的主要原因;术后严密的血糖监测和合理,适量的应用胰岛素,是避免老年口腔癌患者术后血糖升高的关键.     

Modulation of osteogenic potential by recombinant human bone morphogenic protein-2 in human periodontal ligament cells: effect of serum, culture medium, and osteoinductive medium

BACKGROUND AND OBJECTIVE: Bone morphogenic proteins are known, in animal models, to promote many developmental processes, including osteogenesis. Clinical trials are currently underway to evaluate the potential of bone morphogenic proteins to promote bone and periodontal regeneration in humans. The aim of this study was to establish an optimal cell culture condition for using to study the biological effects of recombinant human bone morphogenic protein-2 on periodontal ligament cells. MATERIAL AND METHODS: The roles of serum concentration, types of culture medium (alpha-modified essential medium or Dulbecco's modified Eagle's medium), the presence of osteoinductive medium (including dexamethasone, ascorbic acid and beta-glycerophosphate), and timing of addition of the osteoinductive medium and recombinant human bone morphogenic protein-2, on the expression of alkaline phosphatase were investigated in cultured periodontal ligament cells. Cytochemical stainings and biological assay of alkaline phosphatase were also demonstrated. RESULTS: Our results suggested that an increased concentration of serum might mask the effect of recombinant human bone morphogenic protein-2 on the expression of alkaline phosphatase in periodontal ligament cells. alpha-Modified essential medium was found to induce a stronger cytochemical staining of the alkaline phosphatase than Dulbecco's modified Eagle's medium under similar culture conditions. Pre-incubation of cells with osteoinductive medium before the addition of various concentrations of recombinant human bone morphogenic protein-2 enhanced greater alkaline phosphatase expression than the simultaneous presence of both osteoinductive medium and recombinant human bone morphogenic protein-2. CONCLUSION: The findings of this study suggest that the effect of recombinant human bone morphogenic protein-2 on periodontal ligament cells could be efficiently investigated after the proper selection of culture variables and temporal sequence of adding bioactive factors. The optimal culture condition identified in this study might be useful in further studies to elucidate the regulatory mechanism of periodontal ligament cells in periodontal regeneration after stimulation with recombinant human bone morphogenic protein-2.     

N-乙酰半胱氨酸对脂多糖诱导的血管内皮细胞炎症损伤的影响

目的:探讨N-乙酰半胱氨酸(NAC)是否对脂多糖(LPS)刺激的血管内皮细胞具有保护作用,为NAC用于治疗种植体周围炎、牙周炎等提供理论基础。方法:通过细胞计数试剂盒(CCK-8)法检测不同浓度的LPS或NAC对人脐静脉血管内皮细胞(HUVECs)增殖的影响,以获得刺激HUVECs的最适药物浓度。添加最佳药物浓度的LPS和(或)NAC处理HUVECs 24 h,实时半定量聚合酶链反应(RT-qPCR)检测炎症因子白细胞介素-8(IL-8)、肿瘤坏死因子-α(TNF-α)和细胞粘附分子-1(ICAM-1)的mRNA表达;酶联免疫吸附试验(ELISA)检测TNF-α和IL-8的蛋白表达;Western blot法检测ICAM-1和NF-κB信号通路的表达情况。结果:LPS刺激HUVECs过量表达炎症因子TNF-α、IL-8和ICAM-1。此外,LPS增加NF-κB通路的磷酸化P65(pP65)表达。然而,NAC预处理HUVECs后,显著抑制了LPS引起的TNF-α、IL-8和ICAM-1表达的增加及降低了pP65的分泌水平。结论:本结果表明NAC保护血管内皮细胞免受LPS介导的炎症损伤,从而减轻炎症反应,其潜在的机制可能与NF-κB信号通路有关。     

牙周基础治疗对胃内幽门螺杆菌根除率的影响

目的 :分析牙周炎与胃内幽门螺杆菌 (Helicobacterpylori ,Hp)的关系以及牙周基础治疗对胃内幽门螺杆菌根除率的影响。方法 :选择有慢性牙周炎且胃镜活检尿素酶阳性、病理诊断为慢性胃炎、胃或十二指肠溃疡患者91人进行三联药物治疗 ,其中 3 3人还同时进行了牙周基础治疗。三联药物治疗后分析胃内幽门螺杆菌根除率与患者牙周临床指数的关系 ,以及牙周基础治疗对胃内Hp根除率的影响。 结果 :4个位点平均牙周袋深 <4mm组的患者三联药物治疗 4周后及 1年后的Hp根除率明显高于平均袋深≥ 4mm组的患者 (80 %vs5 2 .2 % ,62 .9%vs 3 4.5 % ,P <0 .0 5 )。经过牙周基础治疗的患者 1年后的Hp根除率显著高于未做牙周基础治疗的患者 (63 .6%vs 3 4.5 % ,P <0 .0 5 )。结论 :药物治疗Hp的根除率与患者的牙周状况和口腔卫生状况有关。口腔Hp可能是胃Hp再感染的病原因素 ,因此对胃内Hp感染同时伴有牙周炎的患者在进行三联药物治疗的同时应配合牙周基础治疗。     

MRI在口腔颌面部肿块诊断中的应用

作者对38例发生在口腔颌面部肿块患者采用MRI检诊。结合缅针穿吸缅胞学检查，并与CT扫描对比研究。结果提示：对口腔颌面部肿块。管状瘤或临床怀疑肿瘤有颅底、眶尖、翼腭窝、咽侧、颈部大血管神经累及者。MRI扫描成像清晰。软组织分辨率高。能早期发现骨质侵蚀。作者还对MRI在监测颌面部癌瘤切除术后局部是否复发进行初步观察。     

Relationship between periodontal furcation involvement and molar cervical enamel projections

A total of 78 individuals ages 21 to 61 years with periodontal furcation involvement was examined for the presence of cervical enamel projections on the buccal surfaces of molar teeth. The furcal defects and cervical enamel projections (CEPs) of molars were diagnosed by probing, periapical roentgenographs, flap operation and inspection. Plaque index (PlI) and gingival index (GI) were recorded for the buccal and lingual surfaces of molars examined. The percentage of CEPs in the 78 individuals examined was 67.9%. The prevalence of CEPs in all molars examined was 45.2%. The prevalence of CEPs in molars with and without furcal involvements were 82.5% and 17.5%, respectively. The frequency of CEP in molars occurred in the following order: mandibular first molars, maxillary first molars, mandibular second molars and maxillary second molars. Statistical analyses (Chi-square test) revealed a significant difference between periodontal furcation involvements and the presence of CEPs. Results of this study also indicated that the furcal involvements with CEPs were associated with poor oral hygiene as measured by GI and PlI.     

Dental informatics for Australia

Dentistry is undergoing significant changes with need for the dentist to manage a larger body of knowledge and information. There will be increasing reliance on electronic information systems in education, research, and dental practice. Dental informatics is concerned with computer and information science and technology and communications. Goals, that could be adopted for Australia, were proposed in the USA in 1989. Specific action steps that could meet those goals are proposed for Australia.