实习时间提前对专科护生就业率的影响

目的：避免护生实习与就业在时间上的冲突，提高护生的就业率。方法：将46名护生的临床实习时间由7月1日提前至4月1日，原第4学期课程压缩在前3个学期完成。结：果护生6月底就业率100％。结论：专科护生临床实习时闻提前，可避免临床实习与就业在时间上的冲突，有利于提高就业率。     

基于Labview的微弱光电信号锁相检测技术

基于Labview虚拟仪器设计平台和相关原理,提出了在微弱光电信号检测中利用软件实现锁相检测的技术.文中同时对相关器进行了仿真,仿真结果证明此方法可以有效地实现对被调制的微弱光电信号的检测.     

Reduced expression of CD69 and adhesion molecules of T lymphocytes in asthmatic children receiving immunotherapy

T lymphocytes play a fundamental role in the initiation and regulation of chronic inflammatory responses in patients with asthma. CD69 is an early marker of T‐cell activation. The levels of intercellular adhesion molecule‐1 (ICAM‐1, CD54) and L ‐selectin have been reported to increase in patients with allergic diseases and asthma. The present study was therefore undertaken to investigate the expression of CD69, CD54, and L ‐selectin by T lymphocytes of children with asthma, before and after immunotherapy. Eighteen children newly diagnosed with asthma, 11 good and nine poor responders to immunotherapy, and 16 normal subjects, were enrolled in this study. The percentages of CD69⁺, CD54⁺, and CD62L⁺ cells in T lymphocytes were measured by using flow cytometry. The levels of CD69, CD54, and CD62L in serum and culture supernatants were determined by using enzyme‐linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA). The expression of CD69 and CD54 on CD3⁺ T lymphocytes was significantly higher in children with asthma than in control patients. All the patient groups expressed (spontaneously and following stimulation with phorbol myristate acetate and ionomycin together with mite‐extract proteins) greater amounts of CD69 and CD54 than did control subjects. With long‐term immunotherapy, the percentages of CD69⁺ and CD54⁺ T lymphocytes were significantly lower in patients with a good response to immunotherapy. Our results also showed significantly lower serum L ‐selectin levels following immunotherapy. In conclusion, successful immunotherapy resulted in decreased expression and production of CD69 and CD54. These results may explain, in part, the clinical efficacy of immunotherapy.     

Destabilization of lens protein conformation by glutathione mixed disulfide

Mixed disulfide between lens crystallin and glutathione has been observed in human cataracts and could be formed in vitro by thiol-disulfide exchange reaction. The glutathionyl crystallins have been reported to become partially unfolded. The present paper reports the conformational destabilization by the mixed disulfide formation in calf alpha- and gamma-II crystallin. The conformational stability was studied by the denaturants urea and guanidine hydrochloride (Gdn-HCl), and by proteolytic degradation. The denaturation curves of both urea and Gdn-HCl shift to lower denaturant concentration for crystallins of glutathione mixed disulfide. The decrease in conformational stability is estimated to be 0.22- and 0.92 kcal mol-1 for modified alpha- and gamma-II crystallin, respectively. Proteolytic digestion also shows a faster rate of degradation for the modified crystallins. These results indicate that mixed disulfide destabilizes the crystallin conformation. The destabilization may make crystallins more susceptible to changes as observed in aging lenses.     

京剧器乐的听力损伤（附55例调查报告）

本文对从事京剧打击乐的55人（110耳）进行了听力调查及动态观察。利用图表进行对比分析，发现110耳中高频听力损伤89耳，占81％；语频听力损伤32耳，占29.1%；其中伴有高频耳鸣78耳，占70．9％。动态观察30人（60耳），均为永久性听阈阈移。高频听力损伤最早出现的频率是4kHz，并见典型“V”谷，符合噪声性聋的诊断。     

Clinical characteristics of patients in studies of left ventricular dysfunction (SOLVD).

The Studies of Left Ventricular Dysfunction (SOLVD) trials were designed to evaluate the effects of enalapril on long-term mortality in patients with severe left ventricular (LV) dysfunction. Patients with LV ejection fractions less than or equal to 0.35 and symptoms of congestive heart failure (CHF) were enrolled in the treatment trial, whereas those with no history of overt CHF and taking no treatment directed for LV dysfunction were enrolled in the prevention trial. The baseline clinical characteristics of SOLVD patients were compared to characterize differences between patients in these 2 separate but concurrent trials. From over 70,000 patients screened with LV dysfunction, 4,228 patients were enrolled in the prevention trial and 2,569 patients in the treatment trial. Ischemic heart disease was the primary cause of LV dysfunction in both prevention (83%) and treatment (71%) trial patients. Prior myocardial infarction was present in 80% of the prevention and 66% of the treatment trial patients (p less than 0.001). In the prevention trial, infarction was recent (less than or equal to 6 months) in 27% patients and remote (greater than 6 months) in 57% patients. Treatment trial patients had proportionately more women (20 vs 13%; p less than 0.001) and non-Caucasians (20 vs 14%; p less than 0.001), as well as the coexisting risk factors of hypertension (42 vs 37%; p less than 0.001) and diabetes (26 vs 15%; p less than 0.001) than did prevention trial patients. Clinical characteristics of patients in both trials were influenced by the gender and race of enrolled patients. Similarly, coronary artery bypass surgery was performed less often in women and non-Caucasians.(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 250 WORDS)     

引进小尾寒羊繁殖性能观察报告

新疆喀什地区引进小尾寒羊意在利用其多胎、早熟、生长发育迅速等生产性能,提高本地肉羊的经济杂交速度。本试验在全舍饲饲养管理条件下,通过三个繁殖阶段的常温人工授精,对引进小尾寒羊的多项繁殖性能进行观察。小尾寒羊引进后的适应性较强;公羊的性活动能力正常,精液活力可达0.63以上,射精量接近1.4ml;母羊的发情周期17.5d左右,发情持续期32.87h,怀孕期148.78～150.20d,总受胎率达93.5%以上,母羊胎次繁殖率达到166.76%。小尾寒羊的引进应以强化饲养管理为主,促进其优良特性充分发挥。     

动态监测胃黏膜内pH值对胆源性胰腺炎外科治疗的价值

目的探讨胃黏膜内pH值对胆源性胰腺炎病情预后评估及在决定手术冶疗中应用的价值。方法对确诊的146例胆源性胰腺炎患者经鼻插入胃黏膜二氧化碳张力计（TRIP-NGS导管）测定胃黏膜内pH值，每隔12小时测定一次，并进行APACHEⅡ评分，将2组数据与外科治疗进行相关分析。结果①pH值变化反映胆源性胰腺炎病情发展变化，与器官衰竭数呈负相关；②外科干预治疗与内科治疗比较差异有统计学意义（P〈0．05）；③pHI〉7．25与pH〈7．25患者开腹手术病死率和细菌培养阳性率比较差异有统计学意义（P〈0．05）。结论pH值对胆源性胰腺炎外科治疗有指导意义。外科处理原则是：①胆道无梗阻，以内科保守治疗为主；②伴胆道梗阻，先行经内镜十二指肠乳头括约肌切开术、经内镜鼻胆管引流术、B超导引引流、腹腔灌洗等，如胆道引流不畅或pH值持续下降，则开腹手术。