PI3K/Akt信号转导通路在EphB受体介导大鼠神经病理性痛中的作用

目的 探讨磷脂酰肌醇3-激酶(PI3K)/丝氨酸-苏氨酸蛋白激酶(Akt)信号转导通路在EphB受体介导大鼠神经病理性痛中的作用.方法 清洁级雄性SD大鼠48只,体重150～180 g,2～3月龄,采用随机数字表法,将大鼠随机分为6组(n=8),C1组、E1组、C2组和E2组采用坐骨神经慢性压迫法(CCI)建立大鼠神经病理性痛模型,S1组和S2仅暴露坐骨神经.S1组和C1组分别于术前1h、术后1、2d时鞘内注射生理盐水5 μl,E1组给予EphB受体拮抗剂EphB1与IgG的重组体(EphB1-Fc)0.5μg;S2组和C2组于术后5d时鞘内注射生理盐水5μl,E2组给予EphB1-Fc0.5μg.各组分别于术前、术后1、3、5d时测定双侧热缩足潜伏期(PWL)和机械缩足阈值(PWT),计算非术侧与术侧PWL和PWT的差值(△PWL和△PWT).于术后5d测定痛阈结束后,取术侧L4-6节段脊髓,采用免疫组织化学法检测c-Fos、PI3K及磷酸化Akt(p-Akt)的表达水平.结果 与S1组或S2组比较,C1组或C2组术后△PWL延长,△PWT增加,c-Fos、PI3K和p-Akt表达上调(P＜0.05);与C1组或C2组比较,E1组或E2组△PWL缩短,△PWT降低,c-Fos、PDK和p-Akt表达下调(P＜0.05).结论 EphB受体通过PI3K/Akt信号转导通路介导大鼠神经病理性痛的形成和维持.     

罗库溴铵不同神经肌肉阻滞程度对听神经瘤切除术患者面神经诱发肌电图监测的影响

目的 探讨罗库溴铵不同神经肌肉阻滞(NMB)程度对听神经瘤切除术患者面神经诱发肌电图(EEMG)监测的影响.方法 择期在全身麻醉下行听神经瘤切除术患者35例,年龄20～64岁,性别不限,体重指数≤30 kg/m2,ASA分级Ⅰ或Ⅱ级.采用美国Axon公司的Epoch XP2000型16通道多功能电生理监测仪监测面神经EEMG,术中电刺激面神经,记录眼轮匝肌的诱发电位;采用荷兰0rganon公司的TOF-Watch SX肌松监测仪监测外周NMB程度,采用四个成串刺激模式.静脉注射罗库溴铵0.6 mg/kg后,在不同外周NMB程度(100％、75％、50％、25％、0)时测定面神经EEMG的振幅和潜伏期,计算振幅保留比率(实测EEMG振幅与基础值的比值).面神经EEMG的振幅保留比率与外周NMB程度间进行直线回归分析,面神经EEMG的振幅保留比率和潜伏期分别与外周NMB程度间进行等级相关分析.结果 当NMB为100％,有6例患者未能诱发出EEMG反应;振幅保留比率(Y)与外周NMB(X)程度之间的回归方程为Y=1-0.787X,决定系数为0.898(P＜ 0.05);二者间的相关系数为-0.947(P ＜0.05);潜伏期与外周NMB间的相关系数为0.328(P＜ 0.05).结论 听神经瘤切除术中维持外周NMB 25％～50％时不仅可保证有效地监测面神经EEMG,而且具有良好的制动效果.     

肾错构瘤117例的诊断与治疗

目的探讨肾错构瘤（RAML）准确的诊断方法及选择最佳治疗方法。方法回顾性分析手术治疗RAML患者117例,其中男性24例（24/117,20.51%）,女性93例（93/117,79.49%）,术前应用彩超、CT、IVU或CTU、MRI等检查明确诊断,根据病情采用保留肾单位肾肿瘤剜除术（NSS）或肾切除术,术后定期随访,复查彩超、CT、IVU。结果术前确诊为RAML的病例64例（64/117,54.7%）,术前误诊为肾癌患者21例（21/117,17.94%）。根据病情98例（98/117,83.76%）采用NSS,19例（19/117,16.24%）行肾切除术。手术时间（92.5±3.1）min（40～180min）,NSS肾蒂阻断时间（15.5±0.7）min（3～35min）,失血量（129±4.2）mL（40～800mL）,肿瘤直径（4.8±0.9）cm（0.7～25cm）。117例病例中肿瘤直径≥4cm的64例,其中行NSS手术的45例,手术时间（99.4±2.8）min（65～180min）,出血（142.3±4.7）mL（50～800mL）,肾蒂阻断时间（17.4±1.2）min（9～35min）。肿瘤直径〈4cm的53例,均行NSS治疗,手术时间（86.8±2.8）min（40～150min）,出血（117.7±3.9）mL（40～300mL）,肾蒂阻断时间（13.9±1.4）min（3～20min）。肿瘤直径〈4cm的较肿瘤直径≥4cm的患者手术时间短,肾蒂阻断时间短,出血量少,患者术后恢复快,最大限度保留了肾脏的功能。无死亡病例,NSS术后1例（1/117,1.27%）漏尿并继发感染,二次手术行肾切除,另1例随访8年后复发,二次行NSS治疗。所有患者均术后3～6个月复诊,行CT及IVU检查,肾脏排泄功能基本正常。结论彩超、CT在RAML诊断及鉴别诊断、术后随访中起到了重要的作用,NSS是治疗RAML安全而有效的方法,对于肿瘤直径〉2cm的RAML我们建议积极行手术治疗。     

高压氧对缺血再灌注小鼠脑组织中细胞因子TNF-α、IL-6 mRNA表达及血脑屏障通透性的影响

目的 探讨高压氧(hyperbaric oxygen,HBO)对缺血再灌注小鼠脑组织中细胞因子TNF-α、IL-6 mRNA的表达及血脑屏障通透性的影响.方法 复制清醒小鼠脑缺血再灌注模型,并于再灌注期间行0.25 MPa HBO治疗5次,在处死动物前1 h经尾静脉注射2%伊文思兰(Evans blue,EB),采用RT-PCR及分光光度法分别检测脑组织中细胞因子TNF-α、IL-6 mRNA的表达及EB的含量.结果 细胞因子TNF-α、IL-6 mRNA的表达及EB的含量缺血再灌注组较假手术组高,且2组间差异有统计学意义(P＜0.01);HBO组与假手术组相比差异无统计学意义(P＞0.05);HBO+脑缺血再灌注组与脑缺血再灌注组相比差异有统计学意义(P＜0.01).结论 HBO可从基因水平明显减少脑缺血再灌注细胞因子TNF-α、IL-6 mRNA的表达,从而降低血脑屏障通透性,而对正常脑组织中TNF-α、IL-6 mRNA表达的影响很小.     

Effects of α1-adrenergic receptor on the proliferation of cholangiocarcinoma cells

Objective To investigate the correlation between α1-adrenergic receptor and the pathological behavior of cholangiocarcinoma, and the effects of norepinephrine (NE) on the proliferation of cholangiocarcinoma cell line QBC939. Methods Thirty-six samples of cholangiocarcinoma were resected in Southwest Hospital from August 2002 to March 2008. The expression of α1-adrenergic receptor in the 36 samples of cholangiocarcinoma tissue and 4 samples of normal bile duct tissue were detected by SABC technique. The proliferation of cholangio-carcinoma cell line QBC939 was detected after processing the cells with NE, phentolamine and prazosin. All the data were analyzed by chi-square test. Results The high positive expression rate of α1-adrenergic receptor was 68% (17/25) in patients with lymph node metastasis, which was significantly higher than 9% (1/11) in patients without lymph node metastasis (χ2=10.604, P<0.05). The high positive expression rate of α1-adrenergic receptor was 85% (11/13) in patients with middle and low positioned cholangiocarcinoma, which was significantly higher than 30% (7/23) in patients with hilar cholangiocarcinoma (χ2=9.753, P<0.05). NE promoted the proliferation of cholangiocarcinoma cell line QBC939 by stimulating the expression of α1-adrenergic receptor, and in a concentration-dependent manner. The proliferative effect was weakened as time passed by, and it was eliminated by phentolamine and prazosin. Conclusions The expression of α1-adrenergic receptor is diverse due to lymph node metastasis and the location of the tumor, α1-adrenergic receptor with high expression may play an important role in the proliferation and metastasis of cholangiocarcinoma.     

双膝人工表面关节同时置换术疗效分析

目的:研究和总结在一次麻醉下行19例双膝人工表面关节置换术的经验,提高手术效果并减少并发症。方法:对19例双膝同时置换手术过程进行分析。结果:术后3个月疼痛消失,关节功能可满足日常生活活动,活动范围平均增加73°。结论:双膝关节同时置换术的并发症可以减少或避免,较分次手术利大于弊,手术方式选择应视患者情况定。     

双生长棒固定治疗重度早发型脊柱侧凸的疗效分析

目的:分析应用双生长棒固定治疗重度早发型脊柱侧凸患者的临床效果,评估其临床应用的临床疗效及安全性。方法:2007年1月~2015年6月我科收治的重度早发型脊柱侧凸并行双生长棒矫形术治疗的患者25例(男12例,女13例),初次术前主弯Cobb角均大于80°且Risser征≤Ⅰ级。测量初次手术前、手术后以及末次随访时冠状面主弯Cobb角、T1~S1高度、矢状面最大后凸角,分析患者的矫形效果及脊柱高度变化。同时收集患者初次术前、初次术后6月及末次随访的肺功能指标及胸部CT,测量患者初次术前、初次术后及末次随访时的肺容积,分析患者肺功能变化情况。结果:入组患者初次术前年龄7.8±1.4岁(5~9岁),随访时间40.3±13.1个月(22~54个月),撑开手术次数平均3.2次(3~7次)。冠状面主弯Cobb角初次术前为96.7°±15.5°,初次术后改善为50.7°±16.1°,至末次随访时改善为40.3°±10.9°;T1~S1高度由初次术前23.2±3.5cm增至初次术后31.1±3.8cm,而末次随访时增至36.5±4.2cm,矢状面最大后凸角初次术前为73.2°±18.9°,初次术后改善为47.7°±15.8°,末次随访时改善为41.2°±11.6°。患者末次随访时肺功能指标及胸廓容积较初次术前明显改善。入组患者共9例出现并发症,其中内固定相关并发症7例(8次),近端交界性后凸4例。结论:双生长棒应用于重度早发型脊柱侧凸患者的治疗可以获得良好的矫形效果,有助于改善和维持患者肺功能,但仍存在一定的手术并发症风险。     

先天性多发半椎体畸形脊柱侧凸1例并文献复习

正先天性脊柱畸形是椎体先天发育异常引起脊柱在冠状面上的不平衡生长而导致的脊柱畸形~([1])。而半椎体畸形作为椎体形成障碍中的一种,是先天性脊柱侧凸最常见的原因,约占先天性脊柱侧凸的46%~([2])。目前,国内外已有较多关于半椎体导致的先天性脊柱畸形的手术治疗的报道~([3-7]),但以单发半椎体畸形居多,多发半椎体畸形的手术治疗报道相对较少。本院于2015年8月采用后路半椎体切除椎弓根钉内固定术治疗先天性多发半椎体畸形脊柱侧凸1例,现将诊疗过程报告如下。     

光子嫩肤技术联合胶原蛋白敷料贴在皮肤美容中的应用效果

探究将光子嫩肤技术联合胶原蛋白敷料贴应用于皮肤美容的效果。方法 选取2020年5月-2022年8月于我院行皮肤美容治疗的150例患者为研究对象,随机分为对照组和观察组,每组75例。对照组采用光子嫩肤技术治疗,观察组采用光子嫩肤技术联合胶原蛋白敷料贴治疗,比较两组临床疗效、心理状况、复发情况及不良反应发生情况。结果 观察组治疗总有效率为96.00%,高于对照组的60.00%（P＜0.05）;观察组干预后SAS评分、SDS评分均低于对照组（P＜0.05）;观察组复发率为0,低于对照组的6.67%（P ＜0.05）;两组不良反应发生率比较,差异无统计意义（P ＞0.05）。结论 光子嫩肤技术联合胶原蛋白敷料贴在皮肤美容中的应用效果确切,可提升美容效果,有效安抚患者情绪,且治疗后复发率较低,不会增加不良反应发生风险,预后理想。     

Effects of α1-adrenergic receptor on the proliferation of cholangiocarcinoma cells

Objective To investigate the correlation between α1-adrenergic receptor and the pathological behavior of cholangiocarcinoma, and the effects of norepinephrine (NE) on the proliferation of cholangiocarcinoma cell line QBC939. Methods Thirty-six samples of cholangiocarcinoma were resected in Southwest Hospital from August 2002 to March 2008. The expression of α1-adrenergic receptor in the 36 samples of cholangiocarcinoma tissue and 4 samples of normal bile duct tissue were detected by SABC technique. The proliferation of cholangio-carcinoma cell line QBC939 was detected after processing the cells with NE, phentolamine and prazosin. All the data were analyzed by chi-square test. Results The high positive expression rate of α1-adrenergic receptor was 68% (17/25) in patients with lymph node metastasis, which was significantly higher than 9% (1/11) in patients without lymph node metastasis (χ2=10.604, P<0.05). The high positive expression rate of α1-adrenergic receptor was 85% (11/13) in patients with middle and low positioned cholangiocarcinoma, which was significantly higher than 30% (7/23) in patients with hilar cholangiocarcinoma (χ2=9.753, P<0.05). NE promoted the proliferation of cholangiocarcinoma cell line QBC939 by stimulating the expression of α1-adrenergic receptor, and in a concentration-dependent manner. The proliferative effect was weakened as time passed by, and it was eliminated by phentolamine and prazosin. Conclusions The expression of α1-adrenergic receptor is diverse due to lymph node metastasis and the location of the tumor, α1-adrenergic receptor with high expression may play an important role in the proliferation and metastasis of cholangiocarcinoma.