肾皮质感染28例报告

目的:总结10年来28例肾皮质感染的诊治经验。方法:采用IVU检查12例,CT扫描20例,全部行B超检查,14例行脓液培养均获确诊。按病灶中央有无液化分为非脓肿组(A组)和脓肿组(B组),A组15例给予单纯抗生素治疗,B组13例行抗生素加经皮肾穿刺引流(或置管引流)治疗。结果:A组中治愈14例,配合经皮穿刺治愈1例。B组治愈11例,2例改行手术后痊愈。18例获得3个月～1年随访,无复发。结论:在肾皮质感染的影像学检查中,B超较CT更具实用价值。治疗上应按病理阶段采用不同的治疗方法,当形成肾脓肿时,抗生素加经皮肾穿刺引流疗效较好。     

The ENPP1 K121Q polymorphism is not associated with type 2 diabetes or obesity in the Chinese Han population

Type 2 diabetes (T2D) mellitus is a metabolic disorder characterized by chronic hyperglycemia and insulin resistance. It has been a worldwide public health problem, which is increasing rapidly, especially in developing countries such as China. The ectonucleotide pyrophosphatase/phosphodiesterase 1 (ENPP1) gene, also known as plasma cell membrane glycoprotein 1, has been reported by genetic association studies as being associated with T2D and obesity in various populations, such as Caucasian and African American. However, there are also some controversial results in Asian populations. Our study tried to examine the associations between ENPP1 and T2D and obesity. Rs1044498 (K121Q) and rs7754561 were genotyped in 1912 patients and 2041 control subjects through TaqMan technology on the ABI7900 system. They showed no statistical association with T2D, obesity or any metabolic quantitative traits. Our meta-analysis result was consistent with it. Our study did not replicate the positive association found previously and suggested that K121Q of ENPP1 might not have a major role in the susceptibility to T2D or obesity in the Chinese Han population.     

Positive association between GRIN2B gene and bipolar disorder in the Chinese Han Population

In the present work we genotyped three single-nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) (rs7301328, rs1805247, and rs1805502) of the GRIN2B gene in a set of 480 unrelated bipolar disorder patients and 480 unrelated genetically matched normal controls in Chinese Han population by either allelic-specific multiplex ligation-detection reaction (AMLR) technology or direct sequencing. Rs1805247 and the haplotype consisting of rs1805502 and rs1805247 were significantly associated, suggesting GRIN2B as having a role in the etiology of bipolar disorder.     

围手术期康复功能锻炼对半髋关节置换术后隐性失血量的影响

目的 探讨围术期主动和被动康复功能锻炼对半髋关节置换术后隐性失血的影响。方法 回顾性分析2010年1月—2015年6月在南京中医药大学附属八一医院行半髋关节置换术的208例老年股骨颈骨折患者的临床资料。其中,男78例,女130例;年龄70～90岁,平均81.75岁。根据围术期患者完成康复功能锻炼的强度和方式分为A组(无或少量主动康复功能锻炼)、B组(少量主动+被动康复功能锻炼)、C组(正常主动康复功能锻炼)和D组(正常主动+被动康复功能锻炼)。根据身高、体质量、术中出血量、术后第1~5天引流和渗出量、手术前(入院当天)后(术后第5天)红细胞压积(Hct),计算患者的总失血量及其占原血容量比例、隐性失血量及其占总失血量比例,观察不同功能锻炼方式患者围术期血液观察指标的变化情况。按照平均隐性失血量占总失血量的比例将患者分为低隐性失血量组和高隐性失血量组,观察不同功能锻炼方式患者高隐性失血发生率的变化情况。结果 208例患者不同康复功能锻炼组围术期血液观察指标比较,术前Hct、术中失血量差异均无统计学意义(P值均> 0.05),而总失血量、总失血量/原血容量、隐性失血量、隐性失血量/总失血量均随着主动功能锻炼强度的增加和被动功能锻炼的加入依次降低,差异均有统计学意义(F=7.980、34.934、50.430、25.850,P值均＜0.01)。所有患者总失血量平均为976.92 mL,隐性失血量平均为452.94 mL,平均隐性失血量占总失血量的比例46.36%,＜46.36%者116例纳入低隐性失血量组,≥46.36%者92例纳入高隐性失血量组。高隐性失血发生率随着主动功能锻炼强度的增加和被动功能锻炼的加入而逐渐降低(χ²=22.430, P<0.05)。结论 半髋关节置换围手术期高隐性失血与康复功能锻炼的强度和方式紧密相关,主动功能锻炼基础上加强被动锻炼能够有效地减少关节置换围术期总失血量,降低高隐性失血的发生率。     

蒙族牧民和汉族战士耐寒力测定及评定标准研究

本文通过对世居寒区的蒙族牧民、汉族老兵和新兵进行局部与全身冷暴露,观察冷暴露时人体的体温和皮肤血管反应的变化。结果表明冷适应牧民的皮肤血管反应比战士好,表现在局部冷暴露时,牧民最低指温与平均指温比战士高,指温开始回升时间快,抗冻伤指数高。全身冷暴露时,平均皮温、手皮温和足拇趾皮温牧民也高于战士,表明牧民发展为以局部血管舒缩反应为主要特点的冷适应。老兵发展成为一种隔热—低体温型冷适应,其特点是:老兵比牧民和新兵在全身冷暴露时开始和平均直肠温均低,平均皮温也低,4h热债少。局部冷暴露时平均指温也以老兵最低。全身组织隔热值老兵大于牧民和新兵。本文提出了评定冷适应的指标和评价标准。     

链球菌制剂SY914体外抗瘤实验研究

为研究ＳＹ９１４β－溶血性链球菌制剂的体外抗瘤作用及作用机制。用ＳＲＢ法对抗癌链球菌制剂ＳＹ９１４作用于人癌细胞株（ＳＧＣ－７９０１，Ａ５４９，ＴＣＡ４８１１３，ＫＢ）进行体外抑瘤实验研究，并通过电镜对ＳＹ９１４作用于ＳＧＣ７９１０的过程进行超微结构观察，Ｈ＾３掺入实验观察ＳＹ９１４对蛋白合成的影响。     

部队传染病发病和卫生服务需求调查

经过连续三年的部队传染病现状的调查说明，传染病已经不是平时部队健康的首要问题。但对部队健康的潜在威胁依然存在。以１９９１年调查部队的传染病发病情况为例：（１）在按系统疾病发病人数排序中，继呼吸道疾病和外科疾病后，传染病人数居第三位，约占全部发病数的十分之一；（２）传染病是部队损失工作日的重要原因，需要相当数量的住院服务：占全部住院人数的１０％，占住院天数的１５％左右；（３）肠道传染病是部队人群传染     

炎症性肠病的药物治疗现状

炎症性肠病（inflammatory bowel disease,IBD）目前是消化系统疾病的研究热点之一,主要包括溃疡性结肠炎（ulcerative colitis,UC）和克罗恩病（Crohn''s disease,CD）,其发病机制尚未完全阐明,也尚无针对IBD的有效治疗药物。随着对IBD发病机制的深入研究,出现了一些新型药物和制剂。笔者就IBD及其药物治疗的研究现状作一简要综述。     

No association between the genetic polymorphisms within RTN4 and schizophrenia in the Chinese population

The RTN4 gene on chromosome 2p13-14 has been reported to be over-expressed in schizophrenia by a cDNA subtractive hybridization experiment between postmortem human frontal cerebral cortices from Canadian schizophrenia individuals and neurological controls. The same study also reported a high prevalence of homozygous CAA insertion in the schizophrenia. In a replication attempt to investigate the role of RTN4 in the etiology of schizophrenia, we genotyped the CAA insertion polymorphism and other three genetic polymorphisms (a TATC deletion in the 3'-untranslated region and two single nucleotide polymorphisms in the 5' region) within RTN4 and conducted a case-control study in the Chinese population. There were no significant discrepancies in allele and genotype frequencies of the four polymorphisms individually and haplotype distribution between the cases and the controls. Our current data suggest that the genetic polymorphisms within RTN4 are unlikely to confer an increased susceptibility to schizophrenia in the Chinese population.