无症状鼻咽癌临床分析和长期随访研究

目的：观察无症状鼻咽癌Epstein-Barr(EB)病毒血清学、鼻咽纤维镜表现和预后。方法：1986年12月采用免疫酶标法检测血清EB病毒壳抗原抗体（viral capsid antigen‘s IgA,VCA-IgA)、早期抗原抗体（early antigen‘s IgA,EA-IgA)，行间接鼻咽镜和鼻咽纤维镜检查及多部位活体组织检查。确诊鼻咽癌后行根治性放射治疗，随访至1999年底。结果：早期无症状鼻咽癌患者确诊时血清EB病毒VCA－IgA、EA－IgA抗体水平分别为1：100．79、1：10．76，与有症状患者比较差异无显著性意义（P＞0．05）。有、无症状患者生存率比较差异有显著性意义（χ^2=6.73,P=0.009)。有、无症状患者确诊时血清VCA－IgA、EA－IgA滴度水平与患者预后均无关（P＞0．05），与是否出现颈淋巴结转移无关（P＞0．05）。结论：定期检测EB病毒抗体、鼻咽纤维镜检查及多部位活体组织检查，有助于检出早期鼻咽癌，尤其是无症状鼻咽癌。     

声反射的高频敏化作用

目的　探讨正常人和感音性聋患者声反射敏化作用特点及其作用机制。方法　选用 30名 ( 6 0耳 )正常人和 15耳早期梅尼埃病患者、34耳老年性聋、2 7耳突发性聋患者作为测试对象 ,以单耳双声高频敏化低频方法测试声反射敏化反应。结果　正常人 6 0耳均能引出声反射敏化作用 ,单耳双声敏化法敏化值为 11.4 8± 7.6 9dB ,双耳双声敏化值为 6 .2 7± 6 .32dB ;15耳早期梅尼埃病敏化值为 6 .5 3± 5 .77dB ;34耳老年性聋敏化值为 5 .35± 5 .77dB ;2 7耳突发性聋敏化值为 5 .6 3± 5 .0 8dB。病变组与正常听力组间比较P <0 .0 1,病变组间比较P >0 .0 5。结论　正常人均可引出声反射敏化作用 ,感音性聋敏化值较正常人为小 ,敏化作用机制和耳蜗功能损害相关     

银屑病患者血浆内皮素含量检测

为了探讨内皮素与银屑病的关系及其在发病机理中的作用，采用放射免疫分析法检测了３２例正常人及５４例银屑病患者血浆内皮素的变化，其中寻常型银屑病４５例（进行期３２例，静止期１３例），红皮病型银屑病９例。结果显示：正常人血浆内皮素水平为４３．５±１５．７１ｐｇ／ｍｌ，银屑病患者血浆内皮素含量为６２．０１±２１．１５ｐｇ／ｍｌ，较正常对照组显著增高（Ｐ＜０．０１），红皮病型又较寻常型患者的血浆内皮素水平为高（Ｐ＜０．０５）。寻常型银屑病患者中，进行期与静止期相比其内皮素水平虽有增高，但无显著性差异（Ｐ＞０．０５）。本研究提示内皮素可能与银屑病的发病有关，进一步了解其作用机理，可能对银屑病的防治具有重要意义     

裴氏着色真菌基因组DNA文库的构建

为了进一步研究裴氏着色真菌基因组ＤＮＡ组成，以便为快速、准确地鉴定和诊断该菌的感染提供依据，采用Ｓａｕ３ＡＩ部分酶切基因组ＤＮＡ，以ｐＵＣ１８为载体，首次成功地构建了裴氏着色真菌基因组ＤＮＡ文库。插入片段的长度在２．５～６．０ｋｂ，ＤＮＡ文库的完整性在８４％以上。结果提示本文库大小适度、完整性较高，在实验诊断、菌种鉴定和探针筛选等方面有应用潜力     

下颌第三磨牙近中阻生相关因素的头影测量分析

目的探讨成人下颌第三磨牙(M3)近中向阻生或萌出的机制及其与颌骨发育的关系。方法选取72例正畸患者为研究对象,术前拍摄全景X线片和头颅定位侧位片。通过全景X线片观察下颌M3阻生或萌出的情况,将其分为阻生组和萌出组,并对其X线头颅侧位片进行头影测量分析。结果阻生组与萌出组的下颌体长度(Go-Po’)、下颌支宽度(W)、下颌平面角(MP-FH)、前下面高(ANS-Me)、下颌支长度与下颌骨长度的比值(Co-Go/Co-Po)的差异有统计学意义(P<0.05),阻生组的W、Co-Go/Co-Po大于萌出组,而Go-Po’、ANS-Me、MP-FH小于萌出组。两组间的Co-Po、Co-Go、上下中切牙角、上牙槽座点-鼻根点-下牙槽座点角的差异无统计学意义(P>0.05)。结论下颌M3的近中向阻生和萌出可能与下颌的旋转生长及面部生长型有关,下颌向前旋转和短面型患者的下颌M3更易发生近中向阻生。     

成人正畸治疗与颞下颌关节紊乱病的MRI研究

目的 探讨成人正畸治疗与颞下颌关节紊乱病(temporomandibular disorder TMD)的关系,为预防和治疗TMD提供参考.方法 选择60例20 ～ 29岁成年正畸患者,用Helkimo指数将患者分为TMJ无症状组(44例)、TMJ有症状组(16例),分别于治疗前(t1)、治疗中(t2)、治疗后(t3),用MRI检查TMJ关节盘的位置,并用电子测量尺测量TMJ前、后间隙,观察颞下颌关节在治疗前后的变化情况与TMD间的关系.结果 治疗中TMJ无症状组、TMJ有症状组分别有8、9例患者发生TMD,两组TMD发生比例差异有统计学意义(P＜0.05);治疗前后两组均发现关节盘移位;两组治疗前后TMJ各间隙线距发生改变,但两组差异无统计学意义(P＞0.05).结论 成人正畸治疗不会导致TMD,但治疗过程中可诱发TMD症状,并有出现TMD重度症状的风险.在成人正畸治疗前对TMJ进行评估有重要意义.     

Trends in incidence of oral and pharyngeal carcinoma in Florida: 1981-2008

Objective: While the overall incidence rates of oral and pharyngeal squamous cell carcinoma (SCC) have decreased in the United States, there is evidence of increasing incidence at selected anatomic sites, particularly among younger adults. The objective of this study was to examine trends in incidence rates of oral and pharyngeal cancers in Florida. Methods: Using data from the Florida Cancer Data System, we examined the incidence of oral and pharyngeal carcinomas in Florida from 1981 through 2008. Factors of interest included sex, race, and trends over time. Percent change (PC) and annual percent change (APC) were computed to characterize trends over time. Results: A total of 53,648 cases of oral or pharyngeal cancer were identified from 1981 through 2008. Significant increasing trends were observed only for pharyngeal cancers in males, with significant decreasing trends for pharyngeal cancer in females and oral cancer for both sexes. For tonsil and base of tongue cancers, increasing trends were detected for white males only. Further investigation among white males showed that, except for base of tongue cancer in the 20‐44 age group, the incidence of both cancers increased across all age groups, with the largest increase for both sites found in the 45‐64 age group. Conclusions: This study supports the finding of increasing incidence of SCC of the tonsil and base of tongue in males, in contrast to decreasing trends for most oral and pharyngeal carcinomas. However, we observed that this increase occurred in white males only and the most dramatic increase occurred in the 45‐64 age group.     

锥形束CT诊断上颌前牙区多生牙价值研究

目的回顾性分析锥形束CT（CBCT）在上颌前牙区多生牙诊断及定位中的价值。方法以经CBCT确诊为上颌前牙区多生牙的146例患者的195颗多生牙为研究对象,分析多生牙的数目、形态、大小、空间位置、生长方向及其与邻近组织的关系。结果146例患者年龄5~39岁,男女比例为2.95∶1, 其中102例（69.9%）为单颗多生牙。195
颗多生牙的长度平均为（11.97±2.40）mm,其中,126颗（64.6%）位于中线区,131颗（67.2%）为圆锥形,51颗（26.2%）牙根弯曲,98颗（50.3%）牙冠生长方向倒置,133颗（68.2%）与邻近恒牙或恒牙胚有接触,恒牙牙列常伴有各种异常。结论多生牙空间位置变异大,可引起恒牙列病变。CBCT检查能精确直观地显示上颌前牙区多生牙及其与周围组织关系,对多生牙的诊断及定位具有重要的指导意义。     

Comparison of computer-photoscreening with non-cycloplegic retinoscopy for amblyopiogenic risk factors in children

Objective To determine the sensitivity and specificity of using a computer-photoscreene r and non-cycloplegic retinoscopy in the detection of amblyopiogenic factors in nine to fifty months old infants and children.
Methods Three hundred children, nine to fifty months old, were screened with the compute r-photoscreener and non-cycloplegic retinoscopy.With a blinded standardized clinical assessment as the standard, an overall comparison of the sensitivity of and specificity results obtained with the two techniques was made.Photoscree n images on the computer monitor screen were reviewed and analyzed immediately by two independent observers for indicators of amblyopiogenic risk factors.Simu ltaneously, the results were compared to the findings of a full ophthalmologic examination.
Results The computer-photoscreener revealed a sensitivity of 94.6% and specificity of 90.1%, and the non-cycloplegic retinocopy revealed a sensitivity of 85.7% and specificity of 81.0% for the detection of amblyopiogenic risk factors, includi ng hyperopia (+2.75 D or more), myopia (-1.50 D or more), astigmatism (1. 75 D or more), anisometropia (2.00 D or more), ocular misalignment (5 degrees o r more), and media opacity (1.5 mm or more).
Conclusions The computer-photoscreener offers an opportunity to identify problems that limi t vision, and could provide a feasible and sufficiently reliable screening techn ique in infants and preschool children to be screened successfully for amblyopio genic risk factors.      

Basement membrane and human epidermal differentiation in vitro

To test the role of basement membrane in differentiation of human epidermis reconstituted on human dermis, we prepared dermis with and without basement membrane and cultured epidermal cells on these two dermal substrata. The absence of basement membrane components was confirmed by immunofluorescence staining for laminin and type IV collagen and by electron microscopy. A high degree of differentiation of reconstituted epidermis did not require basement membrane as shown by the development of basal, spinous, and granular cell layers, and synthesis of 58 and 65-67 kDa keratins when epidermis was attached directly to dermis. On the other hand, we found that the basement membrane regulated the adhesive interaction between the epidermis and dermis. On dermis with basement membrane, attached epidermal cells formed hemidesmosomes and mechanically stable bonding. In the absence of basement membrane, the epidermal cells did not form hemidesmosomes, and bonding between the epidermis and dermis was unstable. Moreover, dermis from which the basement membrane was removed was reorganized by the epidermal cell layer.