Clinicopathological features of bladder cancer associated with chronic exposure to arsenic.

A high incidence of bladder cancer has been documented in an area of chronic arsenic (As) exposure. This study investigates the characteristics of As-associated (n = 49) and other (n = 64) bladder cancers. A higher histological grading was observed for the As-exposed tumours (P = 0.04), but no other difference in pathobiological features or prognosis was found between the two groups.     

Regulatory mechanisms of growth hormone secretion are sexually dimorphic.

Sexually dimorphic growth hormone (GH) secretory pattern is important in the determination of gender-specific patterns of growth and metabolism in rats. Whether GH secretion in humans is also sexually dimorphic and the neuroendocrine mechanisms governing this potential difference are not fully established. We have compared pulsatile GH secretion profiles in young men and women in the baseline state and during a continuous intravenous infusion of recombinant human insulin-like growth factor I (rhIGF-I). During the baseline study, men had large nocturnal GH pulses and relatively small pulses during the rest of the day. In contrast, women had more continuous GH secretion and more frequent GH pulses that were of more uniform size. The infusion of rhIGF-I (10 microg/kg/h) potently suppressed both spontaneous and growth hormone-releasing hormone (GHRH)-induced GH secretion in men. In women, however, rhIGF-I had less effect on pulsatile GH secretion and did not suppress the GH response to GHRH. These data demonstrate the existence of sexual dimorphism in the regulatory mechanisms involved in GH secretion in humans. The persistence of GH responses to GHRH in women suggests that negative feedback by IGF-I might be expressed, in part, through suppression of hypothalamic GHRH.     

米非司酮试验在库欣综合征诊断上的应用

应用一次法口服４ｍｇ／ｋｇ的米非司酮（ＲＵ４８６）观察１７例单纯性肥胖和７例疑似库欣组的病人服药前后的反应，并与１０例正常人以及２９例库欣综合征病人进行比较，发现库欣综合征病人服药以后，血Ｆ２４小时尿Ｆ及血ＡＣＴＨ均无显著性变化（Ｐ〉０．０５），而其他三组各指标均升高（Ｐ〈０．０１）。并得出鉴别库欣综合征与非库欣综合征的标准为：血Ｆ增加的百分比为３０％２４小时尿Ｆ增加百分比为１８％，ＡＣＴＨ增加百     

断肢断腕断掌再植后手内在肌挛缩51例分析

探讨断肢断腕断掌再植术后手内在肌挛缩的发病机理,结合临床经验提出分类、预防和治疗方法。方法:对51例断肢(腕、掌)再植,分别采用术中切开骨间肌肌筋膜、掌腱膜及腕横韧带;术后严重肿胀时早期切开骨筋膜室;缺血时间超过10小时者,除上述措施外尚须切断或部分切除拇收肌和骨间肌肌腹。结果:采用上述预防措施后,手内在肌挛缩的发生率明显降低。结论:本症重在预防,如能及时、果断地采取措施,效果良好。一旦发生中、重度手内在肌挛缩应尽早手术。     

温缺血时间与同种心脏瓣膜细胞活性的关系

以１０具脑外伤死亡的健康男性的心脏的６０个同种主动脉、肺动脉瓣叶分为６组进行实验。经不同的温缺血时间灭菌并经过３个月的液氮深低温保存后，通过流式细胞计数测定细胞活性，同时行组织块贴壁培养及电镜观察。结果表明：温缺血时间在１２小时以内，细胞活性为９３．４９±２．３５％，较对照组无明显下降。灭菌２４小时，细胞活性为８９．８２±３．５２％，较对照组明显下降，Ｐ＜０．０１，并且可见形态上改变；冷冻后细胞活性进一步下降，但下降幅度减低，冻存３年后活细胞仍占８０％。结论为：温缺血时间对细胞活性有影响，时间延长与活性的下降成正相关。因此温缺血时间应控制在１２小时以内。     

转人GM—CSF基因人膀胱癌细胞株的建立及体外生物学特性

经逆转录病毒载体将人GM-CSF基因导入人膀胱癌细胞株BIU-87细胞中,建立了转基因细胞株BIU/GM。经流式细胞仪行细胞DNA周期分析表明GM-CSF基因的导人及表达对BIU-87细胞的增长无影响。免疫荧光测定发现转GM-CSF基因及表达不能促进BIU-87细胞表面HLA-ABC、DR、DQ抗原的表达。转基因瘤细胞株经6000rad X射线照射灭活后,丧失增殖能力,逐步死亡,但能维持一定水平的GM-CSF分泌活性达两周以上。从而为制备灭活的转基因瘤苗提供了初步经验。     

43例鼻咽,鼻腔恶性淋巴瘤的临床病理及免疫表型研究

本文对遵义地区４３例鼻咽、鼻腔恶淋巴瘤的临床病理及免疫学表型进行了研究，结果显示：全部病例均为弥漫型，无１例滤泡型，组织学类型以多表细胞性淋巴瘤为主，共３３例（包括小细胞型１３例，中多形１５例，大多形５例），占７６．７％。用ＵＣＨＬ－１、ＣＤ２０和Ｍａｃ３８７等多单克隆抗体进行免疫表型研究。显示Ｔ细胞淋巴瘤３７例（８６％），Ｂ细胞淋巴瘤４例（９．３％），无１例组织细胞性淋巴瘤。鼻咽部Ｔ．Ｂ淋巴瘤比     

大鼠肝细胞Ⅰ，Ⅲ型前胶原基因表达及PDGF的影响

目的观察大鼠肝细胞Ⅰ，Ⅲ型前胶原基因的表达及ＰＤＧＦ对其表达的影响．方法应用原位杂交技术检测分离培养的ＳＤ大鼠肝细胞（ｎ＝３０）内Ⅰ，Ⅲ型前胶原基因的表达．同时观察１０μｇ／Ｌ（ｎ＝３０）和３０μｇ／Ｌ（ｎ＝３０）ＰＤＧＦ促进前胶原基因表达的作用．测定基因表达颗粒总面积占细胞总面积的百分比，并作比较分析．结果无论正常肝细胞或是在两种浓度的ＰＤＧＦ存在时，肝细胞内均可见到Ⅰ，Ⅲ型前胶原基因的表达．正常肝细胞Ⅰ，Ⅲ型前胶原基因表达面积的百分比（％）为７７±１９和７５±２１；加１０μｇ／ＬＰＤＧＦ后为１１５±１９和１１２±１０，而加３０μｇ／Ｌ后为１５２±３４及１８１±２８，且在后者中表达明显增强（Ｐ＜００５及Ｐ＜００１）．结论ＰＤＧＦ在转录水平上促进肝细胞胶原的合成．     

用大肠杆菌CM89菌株对三种化学物抗突变作用的研究

本文以 E.coli CM891为靶细胞,用细菌内抗突变作用模式研究了肉桂醛,鞣酸,二烯丙三硫的抗4NQO 突变性及其作用机制。含质粒 pKM101的 CM891的高抗株(抗50μg/ml 氨苄青霉素)能提高该菌株的自发突变率和4NQO 诱发的突变率以及对鞣酸的杀伤抗性。肉桂醛的抗突变性不依赖质粒 pKM101效应,但与暂时性生长延搁有关。鞣酸及二烯丙三硫的抗突变机制可能包括质粒 pKM101介导的易误修复。上述三种化学物中每二种联合应用均显示抗4NQO 突变性的协同效应及对靶细胞的毒性杀伤作用。     

粮谷尘致肺损害的实验研究

粮谷尘为混合性粉尘，含游离ＳｉＯ２９．７７％，分离培养出普通高温放线菌。染尘动物肺脏早期病变主要为小灶性肺泡炎、灶性间质性肺炎、异物肉芽肿等，大、中支气管壁脱颗粒肥大细胞增多。９０ｄ以后，上述病变明显减少，但逐渐出现少数小的细胞结节，间质轻度纤维组织增生、支气管慢性炎症和小叶中央型肺气肿样病变，观察１ａ（年）未见明显纤维化。