全身性红斑狼疮、银屑病和胰岛素依赖性糖尿病病人补体成份BfSS亚型的检测

用薄层聚丙烯酰胺凝胶等电聚焦方法对62例全身性红斑狼疮(SLE)、61例寻常型银屑病(PV)及17例胰岛素依赖性糖尿病(IDDM)病人补体第二途径成份B因子SS型的亚型分布及基因频率进行了检测。结果表明,SLB病人BfSS亚基因频率分别为,S_A0.516,S_B0.484;PV为:S_A0.492,S_B0.508,IDDM为:S_A0.676,S_B0.324。与正常人(S_A0.414,S_B0.586)比较,三种疾病的S_A亚基因频率均有不同程度的增高,并伴有S_B亚基因频率的降低。统计结果表明,IDDM与正常人的差异显著(P<0.01),SLE次之(P<0.05),PV不著(P>0.1)。此外,这三种疾病病人BfS_A-S_A亚型的表型频率(分别为30.6%、31.1%和41.1%)都显著高于正常19.3%),统计学表明差异均显著(P<0.05)。     

TCRVβ7.1基因修饰T细胞对乳腺癌细胞杀伤作用的研究

目的：观察TCPVβ7．1基因转染前后正常人外周血淋巴细胞对乳腺癌细胞株杀伤活性的影响。方法：脂质体包裹PdWA3.1vβ7.1后转染健康人PBMC，流式细胞仪检测PdWA3.1Vβ7.1基因表达，改良MIT法检测TCRVβ7．1基因转染前后正常人外周血淋巴细胞对乳腺癌细胞株杀伤活性。结果：TCRVβ7．1基因转染可显著增加正常人PBMC该基因表达，转染前后正常人外周血淋巴细胞对乳腺癌细胞株杀伤活性有显著性差异。结论：用TCR基因修饰可明显提高正常人PBMC对乳腺癌细胞杀伤作用。     

抗SARS-CoV抗原的人源Fab段噬菌体抗体库的构建

目的 :利用抗SARS冠状病毒IgG抗体阳性的SARS康复患者外周血淋巴细胞 ,构建人源Fab段抗体文库。方法 :制备外周血淋巴细胞总RNA ,逆转录成cDNA。以其为模板 ,利用针对家族特异性Ig基因的引物扩增重链Fd段和轻链基因 ,并重组到噬菌粒载体pComb3中 ,将重组噬菌粒载体电转化大肠杆菌XL 1Blue,酶切鉴定抗体库的重组率 ,并测定噬菌体抗体库的库容量。结果 :构建了源于SARS康复患者血清中抗Fab段的抗体文库 ,轻链、重链Fd段基因的重组率分别为91%和 75 % ,库容量为 7.2 3× 10 7。结论 :成功地构建了抗SARS CoV抗原的人源Fab段噬菌体抗体库     

胡萝卜籽挥发油的抗生育作用

胡萝卜籽挥发油对小鼠有抗着床,抗早、中和晚期妊娠作用。对大鼠也有抗着床作用。挥发油中的萜类碳氢化合物部位,对小鼠皮下注射抗早期妊娠的ED_(50)为2.9ml/kg,甲地孕酮和hCG能明显逆转其作用;对假孕小鼠蜕膜瘤有抑制作用,此作用不能被甲地孕酮拮抗,皮下注射于早孕大鼠24、48小时后血浆孕酮浓度明显下降。以上提示其抗早孕作用机制可能与抑制孕酮合成和蜕膜反应有关。此外,挥发油碳氢部分无雌激素和抗雌激素活性,低浓度时对早孕大鼠离体子宫的收缩活动没有影响,高浓度则表现抑制作用。     

新洁尔灭对小白鼠抗早孕的病理组织学观察

本文报告用不同剂量的新洁尔灭和同体积生理盐水注入怀孕5天小白鼠的宫腔内,3天后杀死,观察其蜕膜、胚泡、宫内膜腺体和卵巢黄体病理学改变。实验表明:对照组无改变。实验组小白鼠的蜕膜细胞全部退变坏死。病变随着给药量的递增而渐趋严重;同时胚泡亦有退变和坏死。提示:新洁尔灭对早期妊娠小白鼠是有抗早孕效果的。根据实验结果,我们认为新洁尔灭对小白鼠抗早孕的机制,很可能是一个综合因素,有直接的,也有间接的。作者强调在抗早孕机制诸因素中,蜕膜退变坏死是一个重要的因素。     

Statement on breast feeding,fertility and contraception

An important part of the human reproductive process, breastfeeding also plays a key role in infant nutrition while protecting the infant from exposure to infection. Breastfeeding also plays a major role in the natural regulation of fertility, but breastfeeding patterns are changing along with urbanization and lifestyle changes. These changes are tending towards a shortening of the duration of breastfeeding, a reduction in the daily frequency of breastfeeding episodes, and an earlier introduction of food supplements. Consequently, the risk of pregnancy during lactation has increased. The literature suggests considerable variability in the length of breastfeeding and postpartum amenorrhea and in the duration of lactational infertility among different populations. Both the return of ovarian activity and fertility depends on the time elapsed since delivery. Variables that play a primary role in the length of amenorrhea and infertility include: the duration of breastfeeding the frequency and duration of suckling; the administration of supplements to the infant; the mother's nutritional status; and geographic, social, and cultural factors. Knowledge of local breastfeeding practices and the associated risks of pregnancy should be a prerequisite for those counseling nursing women. All women should be advised and encouraged to breastfeed fully, as far as is practicable. Women also need to be informed that it is difficult to predict exactly the duration of lactational infertility for each woman. The timing of the introduction of contraception depends on the risk factors and some programmatic aspects, such as the possibility that the woman may not return after delivery or after the 1st postpartum visit as well as the type of contraceptive chosen. Current information on the influence of contraceptive methods -- IUDs, oral contraceptives, injectable contraceptives, norplant, barrier methods, periodic abstinence, and sterilization -- upon breastfeeding are summarized.     

Involvement of doctors in torture: conclusions and recommendations

In 1984 the Council of the British Medical Association set up a working party, chaired by J.P. Quillam, to investigate claims that doctors in some countries were cooperating with the use of torture as a routine instrument of repression. The conclusions and recommendations of the working party's recently published report are reproduced here, along with a list of the members of the working party. Among the report's conclusions [which are reproduced also in the British Medical Journal 1986 Mar 15; 292(6522): 781-782] are that doctors have a responsibility to support any practitioner who refuses to keep silent about abuses of human rights, to check for signs of physical abuse of prisoners, and to publicize any violations of the Declaration of Tokyo. Physicians are also encouraged to offer their services to organizations such as the Medical Foundation for the Care of Victims of Torture.     

Annual report of Council, 1983-1984: medical ethics

The medical ethics section of the 1983-1984 annual report of the British Medical Association Council describes the Council's successes and continuing campaign against certain clauses in the pending Police and Criminal Evidence Bill and in the re-introduced Data Protection Bill that might require physicians to violate professional standards on informed consent and confidentiality. Other issues touched upon in the report include surrogate motherhood, in vitro fertilization, ethics committees, living wills, advertising, torture, consent to treatment, and the prescribing of contraceptives for minors.