关胆囊结石的CT定量诊断

目的 评价第三代CT定量诊断胆囊结石的准确率及敏感性.方法 120例胆囊结石的病人在使用第三代CT检查后7天内施行胆囊切除手术,术后剖开胆囊,进行结石计数和最大结石的最大径线测量.结果 120例胆囊结石患者,其中87例有确切结石计数和测量结果（72.5%）;33例CT检查未发现胆囊结石（27.5%）.CT图像中显示的胆囊结石的数目：均数±标准差＝3±15个;范围为2～82个与手术发现的数目：均数±标准差＝68±316个;范围为2～1326个,两者比较具有显著性差异（P＜0.001）.CT图像发现的胆囊内最大结石的最大径线值：均数±标准差＝1.08±1.06cm,范围为0～2.4cm;与手术测量值均数±标准=1.68±0.14cm范围为0.67～3.1cm,两者比较有显著性差异（P＜0.001）.结论 用第三代CT进行胆囊结石的定量诊断不够准确,敏感性也有不足.     

Effect of (+/-)-, (+)- and (-)-gossypol on the lactate dehydrogenase-X activity of rat testis

The effect of (+/-)-, (+)- and (-)-gossypol on testicular lactate dehydrogenase-X (LDH-X) was studied in vitro and in vivo. It was found that racemic gossypol and the two optical enantiomers had similar inhibitory effects on rat testicular LDH-X in vitro. However, neither racemic gossypol nor the enantiomers exhibited an inhibitory effect on testicular LDH-X in vivo. It is concluded that inhibition of testicular LDH-X is not likely to be the mechanism of the antifertility action of gossypol. The inhibition of testicular LDH-X in vitro by all three preparations of gossypol is probably non-specific.     

Advances in TCM Treatment of Senile Vascular Dementia

Senile vascular dementia refers to organic loss of intellectual function due to cerebral damages caused by insufficient blood supply. The following is a summaryon achievements in its etiology, pathogenic mechanism, type identification and treatment in TCM, and the compound formulas, special formulas and drugs, and thepatent drugs used successfully for its treatment.     

Synthesis of a new hydroxyethylene dipeptide isostere Phe ψ[CH2CH(OH)]Phe as HIV-1 protease inhibitor

A new type of pseudodipeptide isostere exampled by Phe ψ[CH2CH(OH)]Phe was synthesized from phenylalanine. The H]V protease inhibitory activity (IC50) of Noa-His-Pheψ[CH2CH(OH)]Phe-Ile-Amp was 0. 8 pmol·L-1.     

多问病人一个问题改进全科医疗中抑郁症的诊断

在全科医疗诊断抑郁症时，在原有2个问题的筛查问卷基础上再增加一个问题（病人是否要求立即帮助解决抑郁症状），可增加筛查的特异性。Arroll及其同事报告了一个横向交叉诊断可靠性研究结果。该研究包括了新西兰6个诊所中19个全科医生和1000名以上连续病人。采用两个筛查问题再加一个问题的方法，全科医生正确诊断抑郁症率达到79％，对没有抑郁症者的正确评估率为94％。     

Glial cell line-derived neurotrophic factor (GDNF) gene expression in the human brain: A post mortem in situ hybridization study with special reference to Parkinson's disease

Summary Glial cell line-derived neurotrophic factor (GDNF) is a potent neurotrophic factor for dopaminergic neurons. Since dopaminergic neurons degenerate in Parkinson's disease, this factor is a potential therapeutical tool that may save dopaminergic neurons during the pathological process. Moreover, a reduced GDNF expression may be involved in the pathophysiology of the disease. In this study, we tested whether altered GDNF production may participate in the mechanism of cell death in this disease. GDNF gene expression was analyzed by in situ hybridization using riboprobes corresponding to a sequence of the exon 2 human GDNF gene. Experiments were performed on tissue sections of the mesencephalon and the striatum from 8 patients with Parkinson's disease and 6 control subjects matched for age at death and for post mortem delay. No labelling was observed in either group of patients. This absence of detectable expression could not be attributed to methodological problems as a positive staining was observed using the same probes for sections of astroglioma biopsies from human adults and for sections of a newborn infant brain obtained at post-mortem. These data suggest that GDNF is probably expressed at a very low level in the adult human brain and its involvement in the pathophysiology of Parkinson's disease remains to be demonstrated. GDNF may represent a powerful new therapeutic agent for Parkinson's disease, however.     

Effects of Vagal and Sympathetic Nerves on Transmembrane Potential of Cardiac Ventricular Cells of Toad

The effects of vagal and sympathetic nerves on the transmembranepotentials of cardiac cells of toad were observed by means of microelectrodetechnique.The vagal nerve was stimulated there would be an increase in restingpotential and acceleration in repolarization of action potential(AP).However,ifatropine was used before stimulation the above-mentioned phenomena woulddisappear.When the sympathetic nerve was stimulated the AP amplitudeincreased,but resting potential(RP)remained the same.The increase of APresulted from the increases of overshoot.When the sympathetic nerve wasstimulated although the heart rate increased and the duration of AP wasshortened,the plateau phase of AP was prolonged.These results suggest that theeffects of vagal and sympathetic nerves on the transmembrane potential of cardiacventricular cells are coordinated and the normal characteritics of transmembranepotential are maintained by both the vagal and sympathetic nerves.     

假单胞菌胆固醇酯酶的生产Ⅰ.菌种筛选和发酵条件的研究

通过平板初筛和摇瓶复筛,从371株菌中筛得一株有工业生产价值的胆固醇酯酶产生菌,并对它进行了发酵条件的研究。用所获得的胆固醇酯酶配制的三酶试剂具有良好的稳定性,适用于临床检测。