ULTRASTRUCTURAL INVESTIGATION ON THE ARTICULAR CARTILAGE FROM RABBIT KNEE JOINT AFTER IMMOBILIZATION IN CAST

The articular cartilages from the left knee of 30 rabbits immobilized in casts in functional position were studied under transmission electron microscope. The pathological changes which begin at early stage of immobilization included both degeneration and repair of cartilage. The striking morphological features observed were: (1) most chondrocytes in various layers of cartilage underwent progresive degeneration; (2) the concomitant abnormal proliferation of some chondrocytes happened in a brief period. The changes in mechanical stress caused by immobilization affected the nutrition of cartilage and finally led to its reactive structural reformation.     

氨氯地平与尼群地平治疗高血压的多中心平行对照研究

采用多中心、随机、单盲、组间、平行对照的方法对488例原发性高血压患者进行氨氯地平或尼群地平4周治疗观察，显示氨氯地平的降压有效率为90．4％，较尼群地平显著为高。不良反应较少，安全性好。每日只需服药1次，剂量5～10mg，方便病人。     

糖皮质激素受体阻断对烫伤大鼠肺、肾血管壁通透性变化的影响

我们以糖皮质激素受体（ＧＲ）的竞争性拮抗剂ＲＵ３８４８６（简称ＲＵ４８６）阻断大鼠体内的ＧＲ，并通过检测肺、肾组织匀浆中荧光标记白蛋白的含量，观察了烫伤后１２ｈ大鼠肺、肾血管壁通透性的变化以及阻断ＧＲ对这种变化的影响。结果显示：烫伤后１２ｈ，大鼠肺、肾组织匀浆中荧光标记白蛋白含量明显高于对照组（肺：Ｐ＜０．０５；肾：Ｐ＜０．００１）；阻断ＧＲ后再烫伤大鼠，其肺、肾组织匀浆中的荧光白蛋白含量又显著高于烫伤组（Ｐ＜０．０５）。提示：①烫伤后１２ｈ，大鼠肺、肾血管壁通透性明显升高。②ＧＲ减少可加重烫伤所致的血管壁通透性升高，并可逆转内源性糖皮质激素（ＧＣ）稳定血管壁通透性的作用。     

Preterm delivery and its risk factors]

A case-control study on preterm delivery was conducted in Jianan and Jianhan District, Wuhan City in 1988. 130 singleton preterm infants were included with 260 term infants as control. The results showed that the risk factors in prematurity were edema-proteinuria-hypertension syndrome (OR 1.8), maternal diseases in pregnancy (OR 1.6), hyperemesis gravidarum (OR 5.1), vaginal bleeding during pregnancy (OR 2.4), premature rupture of membranes (OR 3.6), low weight gain and low average weight gain per week during pregnancy, psychosocial stress during pregnancy, inadequate prenatal care, maternal stature less than 158 cm (OR 1.7), menarche before age 12 (OR 4.3), multi-gravida (OR 2.1), previous induced abortion (OR 2.1) and passive cigarette smoking during pregnancy. The author suggests that early treatment of complications of pregnancy and forcing prenatal care should be emphasized in order to reduce the incidence of preterm births.     

通过原生质体融合获得青霉素高产菌株

采用两株分别带有不同抗药性标记的产黄青霉原生质体以1:1相混合,用30％的聚乙二醇(MW6000)原生质体融合处理。将混和物涂布在补给有两种药物同时存在的高渗性分离培养基上,培养后获得异核体菌落。洗下异核体分生孢于继续分离在补给有两种药物同时存在的分离培养基上,得到了同时带有两种抗性标记的重组体。纯化后,进行抗性稳定性和摇瓶效价的测定,将一株具有双重抗性、摇瓶发酵效价较高的菌株作出发菌株,经诱变因子处理后,获得了一株43u7c—57菌株,在摇瓶中效价比生产菌株平均提高4.94％,该菌株在40吨发酵罐试生产后,发酵效价平均提高4.4％,产量则平均增加12.15％。     

力竭运动后大鼠海马脑区谷氨酸受体NR2A蛋白含量和基因表达的变化

目的:观察力竭运动前后大鼠脑中海马谷氨酸受体NR2A蛋白含量和基因表达的变化,探讨其与运动性疲劳的可能联系。方法:50只SD雄性大鼠,随机分为安静对照组(S,n=10),力竭运动后即刻组(AE1,n=10),力竭运动后恢复0.5小时组(AE2,n=10),力竭运动后恢复3小时组(AE3,n=10)和力竭运动后恢复24小时组(AE4,n=10)。分别采用免疫印迹法和RT-PCR法测定一次性力竭运动后大鼠脑中海马谷氨酸受体NR2A蛋白含量和基因表达。结果:与安静对照组相比,力竭运动后即刻,大鼠NR2A蛋白含量明显升高,而mRNA表达显著减少;恢复0.5小时后,蛋白含量略有下降,mRNA表达显著增加;恢复3小时后蛋白含量显著下降,mRNA表达继续增加;恢复24小时后蛋白含量恢复到安静时水平,mRNA表达则减少至恢复0.5小时后水平。结论:力竭运动后即刻及恢复过程中,大鼠脑中海马谷氨酸受体NR2A蛋白含量及mRNA表达变化趋势不同,提示基因表达对蛋白含量的调控可能具有延迟性。     

格尔木地区蠓类生态习性调查研究

目的:调查了解青海省格尔木地区蠓类的活动规律,为防治提供科学依据。方法:网捕法。结果:调 查发现蠓科4属28种,即吸血蠓2属22种,非吸血蠓2属6种;其中细蠓属14种,库蠓属8种,毛蠓属5种和铗 蠓属1种。观察阐述了当地蠓类的一日活动规律与季节消长。     

一次手术治愈外直肌全麻痹

过去，为了保证前段的血液供应，外直肌全麻痹的手术治疗要分２～３次完成，考虑到全麻痹的外直肌已无功能，我们提出在这种条件下可以不动含睫状前动脉的外直肌，只退后内直肌和将上，下直肌的外侧１／２移到外直肌的附着处，如此安排，可以一次手术完成治疗，这样可以缩短治疗时间，减少病人的痛苦和负担，我们治疗了７例８眼，结果比较满意。     

慢性粒细胞白血病100例骨髓组织病理学Hannover分类法意义探讨

本文对100例慢性粒细胞白血病(CML)患者进行组织病理学研究,应用Hannover国际分类法进行分类,观察到骨髓组织病理学中巨核细胞增多者临床症状较重,中位生存时间较短,认为该分类法对临床及预后判断有指导意义,比既往应用的Bartl及Frisch分类法优越。