脂肪乳注射剂仿制和变更申请中应关注的卵磷脂问题

目的 探讨卵磷脂作为脂肪乳注射剂的乳化剂给药品制剂性能和安全有效性带来的风险.方法 评估卵磷脂的来源、纯度和组成上的差别对药品质量的影响.结果与结论 在脂肪乳注射剂仿制和变更申请中应关注卵磷脂问题.     

淫羊藿油炙前后及分别组成二仙汤后对肾阳虚小鼠温肾助阳作用比较研究

目的：比较淫羊藿油炙前后及分别组成二仙汤后对肾阳虚小鼠脏器指数、自主活动变化和血清睾酮的影响,探讨生、炙淫羊藿温肾助阳作用的差异.方法：采用氢化可的松所致的肾阳虚小鼠模型,比较淫羊藿油炙前后及分别组成二仙汤后对小鼠脏器指数（睾丸、精囊腺、包皮腺、胸腺）、自主活动变化及血清睾酮变化的影响,分析油炙前后淫羊藿温肾助阳功效的差异.结果：与模型组相比,淫羊藿生品、炙品及二仙汤生品、炙品均具有极显著升高血清睾酮的作用（P＜0.01）,且炙品升高效果显著强于生品（P＜0.05）;除模型组外,各组小鼠脏器指数（睾丸、胸腺、包皮腺和精囊腺）和自主活动性均有显著改善（P＜0.05～0.01）.结论：淫羊藿油炙前后及分别组成二仙汤后对氢化可的松所致肾阳虚小鼠脏器指数、血清睾酮和自主活动变化均具有较明显改善作用,且淫羊藿油炙后温肾助阳作用强于生品.     

紫外分光光度法测定香菊胶囊黄酮总含量

目的：建立香菊胶囊中黄酮总含量的测定方法。方法：采用紫外分光光度法,以芦丁为对照品,检测波长525nm,以线性、精密度、重现性、稳定性、回收率等作为效能指标,进行方法学验证。结果：回归方程为Y=0．476OX-0．0037,r=0．9998,化香树果序黄酮总含量在0．2012～1．0030mg范围内线性关系良好,平均加样回收率为98．2％,RSD-1．83％。结论：该方法灵敏快速,准确可靠,可用于香菊胶囊中黄酮成分总合量的测定。     

C-kit induces epithelial-mesenchymal transition and contributes to salivary adenoid cystic cancer progression

Epithelial–mesenchymal transition (EMT) is associated with salivary adenoid cystic cancer (ACC) progression and metastasis. Here, we report that ectopic overexpression of c-kit in ACC cell lines is sufficient for acquisition of mesenchymal traits, enhanced cell invasion, along with stem cell properties defined by the presence of a CD133 + /CD44 + cell subpopulation. c-kit positively regulated expression of known EMT inducers, also activating TGF-β to contribute to EMT. c-kit itself was induced by TGF-β in ACC cell lines and required for TGF-β–induced EMT. Xenograft experiments showed that c-kit cooperated with oncogenic Ras to promote tumorigenesis in vivo. Finally, in human specimens of ACC, we found that c-kit was abnormally overexpressed and correlated with the prognosis of ACC. Our findings define an important function for c-kit in ACC progression by orchestrating EMT, and they implicate this gene product as a marker of poor prognosis in this disease.     

神经妥乐平治疗腰椎间盘突出症患者疼痛及麻木症状的临床效果研究

目的：观察神经妥乐平治疗腰椎间盘突出症疼痛及麻木症状的疗效。方法门诊纳入影像学及临床表现可确诊为腰椎间盘突出症及视觉模拟评分法（visualanaloguescale,VAS）在5分以上的患者56例,分为甲钴胺组及神经妥乐平＋甲钴胺组。不使用其它药物及按摩针灸等治疗,并要求患者卧床休息。观察两组患者的疼痛及麻木缓解情况。结果服药后第1周及第2周两组间疼痛VAS评分差异有统计学意义,神经妥乐平＋甲钴胺组和甲钴胺组对疼痛缓解的显效率于第2周时分别为：62.5％,8.3％,有效率分别为75.0％,41.6％。两组对麻木症状的缓解差异无统计学意义。结论神经妥乐平联合甲钴胺对腰椎间盘突出症疼痛的缓解优于单独应用甲钴胺,而对于麻木的缓解两组间差异无统计学意义。     

Loss of PPM1A expression enhances invasion and the epithelial-to-mesenchymal transition in bladder cancer by activating the TGF-β/Smad signaling pathway

The transforming growth factor-β (TGF-β) signaling pathway is believed to contribute to carcinoma development by increasing cell invasiveness and metastasis and inducing the epithelial-to-mesenchymal transition (EMT). Protein phosphatase PPM1A has been reported to dephosphorylate TGF-β-activated Smad2/3, thus inhibiting the TGF-β signaling pathway. In this study, we investigated the role of PPM1A in bladder cancer. PPM1A protein expression was analyzed in 145 bladder cancer specimens. The loss of PPM1A expression was predictive of poor survival and high muscle-invasiveness. PPM1A was more commonly deficient among muscle-invasive relapse samples compared to primary tumors in twenty paired bladder cancer tissues. Functional studies indicated that blockade of PPM1A through lentivirus-mediated RNA interference significantly promoted urinary bladder cancer (BCa) cell motility, the EMT in vitro and metastasis in vivo, and these effects were dependent on the TGF-β/Smad signaling pathway. The increase in p-Smad2/3 induced by TGF-β1 correlated with the degree of PPM1A depletion in BCa cells, which resulted in an altered expression profile of TGF-β-inducible genes. The correlations between PPM1A and biomarkers related to the TGF-β signaling pathway and tumor invasion were also detected in BCa samples. These results demonstrate that loss of PPM1A is associated with the development of tumor invasion in bladder cancer.     

颌眉角的最优选择及其在强直性脊柱炎后凸畸形矫形设计中的应用

目的探索不同范围颌眉角对颈椎强直性脊柱炎（ankylosingspondylitis,AS）患者日常生活的影响,确定最优的颌眉角范围,进而为截骨矫形设计提供理论依据。方法选取我科收治的25例颈椎强直的 AS 胸腰段后凸畸形患者,所有患者矫形前后均完成视野相关生活质量功能及期望评分调查问卷表。不考虑手术与否,按照自然站立位颌眉角将所有外观照所对应病例（ n＝50）分为6组：A 组,CBVA＜0°;B组,0°≤CBVA＜10;C 组,10°≤CBVA＜20°;D组,20°≤CBVA＜30°;E 组,30°≤CBVA＜40°;F组, CBVA≥40°。将6组患者每项调查问卷项目进行比较分析,多组间比较时采用Kruskal-Wallis检验,组间两两比较采用Mann-Whitney检验。结果总体评价：C组（10～20）°获得最优的期望值评价,P＜0.05。B、C、D 组（0～30）°获得较其它组更好的功能评价,P＜0.05,但三组间差异无统计学意义。形象评价：A、B、C 组（＜20°）较其它组获得更好的形象满意度及期望值,P＜0.05,但三组间差异无统计学意义。户外活动：A、B、C、D组（＜30°）在多数项目上较其它组获得更好的功能评价及期望值评价。室内活动：C、D组（10～30）°在多数项目上较其它组获得较好的功能评价及期望评价。结论颌眉角在10°～20°时,患者视野相关活动功能及满意度最高,因此,10°～20°为颌眉角的最佳矫正角度。     

肺门作为躯干重心对强直性脊柱炎胸腰段后凸畸形矫形的意义

目的探索能够代表强直性脊柱炎（ankylosingspondylitis,AS）胸腰段后凸畸形躯干重心的影像学标记,进而设计AS胸腰段后凸畸形的截骨矫形方案。方法不规则物体的重心可通过两个不同方向的悬吊或支撑力线获得,通过手术前后髋轴的支撑力线可寻找 AS 胸腰段后凸畸形患者的躯干重心。38例无脊髓神经症状体征、双髋活动良好的AS胸腰段后凸畸形患者纳入研究。比较AS矫形患者手术前后矢状面平衡距离（ sagittal vertical axis,SVA ）、C7距髋轴中心水平距离（ horizontal distance between hip axis and C7,HDHC ）、T5距髋轴中心水平距离（ horizontal distance between hip axis and T5,HDHT5）、T9距髋轴中水平距离（ horizontal distance between hip axis and T9,HDHT9）、肺门距髋轴中心水平距离（ horizontal distance between hip axis and hilus pulmonis,HDHH ）,将矫形前后测量值做统计描述及配对t检验。采用组内相关系数（ ICC ）衡量HDHH的观察者间信度（inter-observerreliability）及观察者内复测信度（intra-observerreliability）。结果矫形前SVA、HDHC、HDHT5、HDHT9、HDHH分别为21.1 cm、12.7 cm、3.5 cm、-3.8 cm、2.7 cm;矫形后分别为9.1 cm、4.2 cm、-2.1 cm、-5.6 cm、0.9 cm。SVA、HDHC、HDHT5、HDHT9矫形前后变化有统计学意义,HDHH 矫形前后变化无统计学意义。HDHH 的观察者间总体信度与观察者内总体复测信度分别为0.958、0.963（ P＜0.001）。结论矫形前后肺门垂线通常总是落在髋轴上,肺门可作为躯干重心的影像学标记应用于AS胸腰段后凸畸形的矫形设计。     

带呼吸囊管式背心抗荷服的热负荷测定

测定5名志愿被试者在34－35℃环境中着用带呼吸囊管式背心抗荷服时的加权平均皮肤温度（TS）、囊下局部皮肤温度、口腔温度等指标。结果表明，与不带呼吸囊组比较，管式背心加呼吸囊后除局部皮肤温度略有升高（1．2±0．1℃）外，其他各项指标均无显著差别（P＞0．05）。初步认为，在环境热负荷强度不大时，该装备不会引起飞行员显著热应激。