谷子种子经高空气球搭载后的遗传变异研究

目的 选育出高产、蛋白质和用脂肪含量高的谷子品（系）种。方法 利用高空气球搭载谷子的干种子,在高空飘游８ｈ后回收种植,对其植物学特性及进行分析研究。结果 种子发芽率比对照低５．２％,发芽热比对照高２１．１％。ＳＰ１代植株高度比对照低６．８ｃｍ,旗叶面积比对照高２５％,穗重比对照高１５．９％;ＳＰ３代大穗型株系性状相对稳定,其中ＳＰ３－２的种子蛋白质和脂肪含量均高于对照经高空气球搭载后的ＳＰＥ－３５     

Expression of intercellular adhesion molecule 1 (ICAM-1) is reduced in permanent focal cerebral ischemic mouse brain using an adenoviral vector to induce overexpression of interleukin-1 receptor antagonist

Our previous studies have demonstrated that overexpression of recombinant human interleukin-1 receptor antagonist protein (IL-1ra) via gene transfer can reduce ischemic brain injury. However, the mechanism of action of IL-1ra in ischemia is unclear. Since interleukin-1 can up-regulate intercellular adhesion molecules in endothelium, the present study was designed to determine whether overexpression of the IL-1ra can reduce the expression of intercellular adhesion molecule-1 (ICAM-1) after ischemic injury. Normal saline or adenovirus vector (1x109 particles) encoding the human IL-1ra gene (Ad.RSVIL-1ra) or the Escherichia coli LacZ gene (Ad.RSVlacZ) was injected into the right lateral cerebral ventricle of adult CD-1 mice. After five days, permanent middle cerebral artery occlusion (MCAO) was achieved for 24 h using an intraluminal suture. Cerebral blood flow was monitored by transcranial laser Doppler flowmetry to verify the occlusion. ICAM-1 protein was quantified using Western blot analysis and localized using immunohistochemistry. After MCAO, surface blood flow in the ischemic hemisphere was decreased to 9-11% of the baseline. There were fewer ICAM-1 positive vessels in the ischemic cortex of the Ad.RSVIL-1ra transfected mice than in the Ad.RSVlacZ transfected and saline treated mice (138+/-19 vs. 249+/-25, 284+/-22, p<0.05). Western blot analysis shows that ICAM-1 protein decreased 50-60% in the Ad. RSVIL-1ra group compared to the other two groups. There were no significant differences in the numbers of positive vessels in the ischemic basal ganglia and contralateral hemisphere among the three groups. Our studies suggest that IL-1ra overexpression can down-regulate the expression of ICAM-1 in the ipsilateral cortex in ischemic mice. Interleukin-1 may play an important role in the activation of inflammatory reaction during focal cerebral ischemia by promoting leukocyte adhesion on the endothelium cells.     

The experience in the treatment of patients with extensive full-thickness burns

The aim of the present study is to analyze the changes of cure rate and the main causes of death in the last 40 years, and to summarize our experience in the treatment of extensive full-thickness burn patients. The clinical characteristics, cure rate and main causes of death of 73 cases with total burned area more than 90% TBSA and full-thickness burn area more than 70% TBSA were analyzed retrospectively. Among them, 21 cases (28.8%) were cured and 52 cases (71.2%) died. The cure rate increased significantly in the recent years, and the main causes of death changed from shock and sepsis in the time period 1959–1978 to sepsis and MODS in the past two decades. Due to the improvement of early comprehensive management of burn shock, aggressive surgical approach to full-thickness burn wound and potent systemic supporting measures, the survival rate increased significantly.     

γ—辐射对T淋巴细胞环核苷酸昼夜节律的毒效应

测定了小鼠外周血Ｔ淋巴细胞中ｃＡＭＰ和ｃＧＭＰ含量及其比值的昼夜节律各峰值时相分别位于１２：２０时、０１：１２时和１３：０４时,经５．０Ｇｙγ－射线照射后,ｃＡＭＰ含量升高,ｃＧＭＰ一降低,ｃＡＭＰ／ｃＧＭＰ比值增大。而０．５Ｇｙ照射引起比值下降。这些变化在０４：００时较为明显,而在１２：００时则观察不到,表现出明显的昼夜时相差异。另一方面,照射后ｃＡＭＰ／ｃＧＭＰ比值节律的峰值位相发生延迟或提前     

中国不同地区膳食脂质摄入量的分析

１９９２年中国总膳食研究在１９９０年的基础上做了适当的改进,将城市和农村的样品分别进行分析。本文报道了该项研究中膳食脂质部分的结果（包括总脂肪、胆固醇、脂肪酸）。除南方二区外,同一地区的城市和农村居民在脂肪、胆固醇的摄入量上有较大的差异。北方二区农村居民的脂肪摄入量明显不足,而北方一区城市居民脂质的摄入量较高,胆固醇摄入量已超过每人每日３００ｍ ｇ 的水平。南方居民膳食脂肪中多不饱和脂肪酸所占比例低而单不饱和脂肪酸所占比例高。基于以上分析,作者认为我国居民膳食脂质摄入情况基本合理,但由于地域差异较大,在进行膳食指导时（如关于补充ＥＰＡ,ＤＨＡ 的问题）应对不同地区的情况进行具体分析,有针对性地提出建议     

弧菌,气单胞菌及邻单胞菌编码鉴定研究

采用编码技术对医学常见的弧菌属、气单胞菌属及邻单胞菌属的１２ 个菌种进行编码,建立了７ 位数编码鉴定法。并用此法鉴定了２０８ 株标准菌株,与常规鉴定法比较,两法无显著统计学意义（χ２ ＝０－４４ ,Ｐ＞０－０５）,符合率为９５－６７％ 。此鉴定法快捷、可靠、操作简便、判定结果简单、适合于临床、卫生及基层微生物实验室推广应用。     

墨兰“原球茎”结构初探

目的通过墨兰"原球茎"结构的研究,为中国兰的快速培养提供依据.方法取墨兰组织培养中产生的不同发育阶段的"原球茎"进行外部形态观察,拍照,并制成切片,对其生长、发育和内部结构进行研究.结果本实验通过对墨兰(Cymidium sinense)组织培养中"原球茎"外部形态、内部结构的观察、比较发现,组织培养中产生的球状突起("原球茎")和根状茎("丛生型原球茎")虽外形差别显著,但内部结构却都具有双子叶植物根的特征.芽可以在球状突起、根状茎节部、和根状茎的顶端发生.芽的顶端分生组织与随后产生的根的分生组织共同构成胚状结构,与单子叶植物种子胚相似.结论墨兰组织培养中先后产生的球状突起和根状茎为典型的营养繁殖器官,可称之为球状-根状茎.此外,实验中还观察到芽的幼叶中有含有草酸钙针晶的异细胞.     

Ramsay Hunt综合征的诊治

目的对Ramsay Hunt综合征(HS)临床和治疗进行分析,为了早期诊断和提高疗效.方法 84例HS病人平均年龄48.3岁,男女比为2.2:1,右侧发病多于左人侧(52/32).先有疱疹的63例,先有面瘫的21例,自觉听力障碍的57例,有眩晕的34例,治疗以保守治疗为主,无效者行面神经减压术.结果半规管功能受损者27例,中度以上听力受损者11例.经过治疗面肌功能完全恢复的达51.19%,总有效率为95.23%.结论对HS要早期诊断,及时治疗,注意鉴别诊断,面瘫保守治疗无效考虑面神经减压术.先出现疱疹的要比先出现面瘫的预后好.     

慈菇对CCL4致大鼠肝纤维化NO及TNF—α影响的观察

采用５月龄Ｗｉｓｔａｒ大鼠,用ＣＣＬ４灌胃致大鼠形成肝组织纤维化,并试以慈菇作为ＣＣＬ４致大鼠肝纤维化过程的干预因素的实验。结果显示：在肝纤维化发生的同时,血清ＮＯ、ＴＮＦ－α显著增多,腹腔巨噬细胞诱生的ＮＯ、ＴＮＦ－α也明显增多;在实验的第８～１２周,灌饲慈菇汁的大鼠血清及腹腔巨噬细胞诱生的ＮＯ、ＴＮＦ－α水平均明显低于阳性对照组。提示ＮＯ和ＦＮＦ－α在肝纤维化过程中起重要作用,慈菇可减轻ＣＣＬ４致大鼠肝纤化程度并减少ＮＯ与ＴＮＦ－α的产生。     

社区卫生服务需求探讨

为了更好地开展社区卫生服务工作,１９９８年３月,我们就社区居民卫生服务需求问题进行调查。调查结果提示：卫生服务需求依次为：就近就医（６８．６７％）、保健指导（１１．８５％）、家庭保健合同制（６．２１％）、指导就医（５．０８％）、指导饮食（４．００％）、出诊（３．６２％）、家庭病床（１．５５％）。慢性病组上述各种需求均高于非慢性病组,有统计学差异。６０岁以上居民,就近就医、家床、合同制、出诊需求均高