急性输液反应的影响因素及防治措施

目的 对临床发生的急性输液反应进行分析，找出发生的原因，探讨预防措施。方法对201885例次输液治疗中的52例次输液反应资料进行分析。结果 经分析，属药物因素27例（52％），属操作因素11例（21％），属病人因素11例（21％），属输液器具因素3例（6％）。结论 把好药品和操作关，改善操作环境，严格操作规程是减少输液反应的关键。     

Clinical Experience in TCM Differential Treatment of Fatty Liver

In recent years, with improvement of living standard, changes in dietary structure and technical progress in medical tests, the rate of detecting fatty liver has been rising, hence constant increase in its incidence. Based on the TCM principle for differentiating syndromes, the authors have achieved remarkable curative effects in treating fatty liver. TCM Conception on Fatty Liver There is no fatty liver in the terms of TCM. However, according to its clinical manifestations, the disease may belong to the categories of “abdominal mass”, “mass at hypochondria”, “hypochondriac pain”, “accumulation of phlegm with stasis”. Its etiology and pathogenesis mainly lie in uncontrolled diet or     

拉米夫定阻断乙型肝炎病毒宫内传播的临床探讨

【目的】研究拉米夫定对HBsAg阳性孕妇的乙肝病毒 (HBV)宫内阻断作用。【方法】拉米夫定组 43例 ,孕 2 8周起口服拉米夫定 ,每天 10 0mg至产后 30d。对照组 5 2例 ,未予用药。两组孕妇均于孕 2 8周、分娩前 ,其新生儿于生后 2 4h内免疫接种前抽静脉血检测HBsAg、HBeAg及HBV的定量。【结果】拉米夫定组孕妇HBV的DNA水平显著下降 (P <0 0 5 ) ,其新生儿宫内感染率 (16 3% )明显低于对照组 (32 7% ) ,P <0 0 5。两组孕妇及其新生儿未发现有不良反应。【结论】携带HBV孕妇产前服用拉米夫定可有效减少HBV宫内感染发生率。     

全国细菌药敏试验的室间质量评价

目的：了解全国大中型医院细菌药敏试验（AST）状况，提高检测水平和质量。方法：定期向全国各参加评价实验室发放冻干标本，要求在规定时间内报告可疑感染的病原菌及其药敏结果，对回报结果给予数据统计、分析和评价。结果：2000年全国489个细菌室对常见耐药菌的检测正确率分别为：超广谱β－内酰胺酶63％（ESBLs)；苯唑西林敏感金黄色葡萄球菌（MSSA）74％；苯唑西林耐药凝固酶阴性葡萄球菌（MRSCoN)48％；对青霉素不敏感肺炎链球菌7％；氨基糖苷类高水平耐药肠球菌95％；产β－内酰胺酶流感嗜血杆菌正确率35％。结论：通过细菌药敏试验的室间质量评价反映出我国的细菌耐药性检测水平急待提高。     

32例出血性梗塞研究分析

对32例出血性梗塞研究分析，发现常出现于脑栓塞及大面积脑血栓病人。以治疗中病情突然加重或持久症状不改善为特征，动态CT检查对本病的诊断及治疗有重要意义。     

生物化学与细胞生物学课程整合的探讨

为了适应新世纪教学内容和课程体系改革的要求,我校借鉴美国哈佛大学医学院的经验,将生物化学与细胞生物学两门课程整合为“细胞的化学与生物学”。整合后在减少两个学科间重复内容、增加学科间联系、减少学时、早期接触临床、培养学生分析解决问题的能力、创新能力等方面有了很大改进,为这两门课程的改革开辟了新途径。     

N-methyl-D-aspartate exposure blocks glutamate toxicity in cultured cerebellar granule cells.

Exposure of cultured cerebellar granule cells to glutamate results in a concentration-dependent (EC50 = 22.7 +/- 0.4 microM) and delayed (24-72 hr) neurotoxicity, which is blocked by the specific N-methyl-D-aspartate (NMDA) receptor antagonists 2-amino-5-phosphovalerate and MK-801 but is unaffected by the non-NMDA receptor antagonists 6-cyano-7-nitroquinoxaline-2,3-dione and 6,7-dinitroquinoxaline-2,3-dione. Although glutamate toxicity in these cells is mediated by the NMDA subtype of glutamate receptor, pretreatment of cerebellar granule cells with subtoxic concentrations of NMDA markedly antagonizes the neurotoxic actions of glutamate, with an IC50 of 55 +/- 4 microM. The neuroprotective effect of NMDA requires a preincubation time of approximately 120 min to be fully manifested and does not require the presence of NMDA during glutamate exposure. These data demonstrate that NMDA receptors mediate both neurotoxicity and neuroprotection in cerebellar granule cells. Among four glutamate receptor agonists tested (NMDA, quisqualate, ibotenate, and kainate), only NMDA was able to provide a robust neuroprotection against glutamate toxicity. Quisqualate was neither neurotoxic nor neuroprotective, whereas ibotenate, which was nontoxic by itself, induced a small degree of neuroprotection. In contrast, kainate, which was neurotoxic to cerebellar granule cells, also provided considerable neuroprotection against glutamate toxicity. Because preincubation of cerebellar granule cells with NMDA fails to alter NMDA receptor-mediated phosphoinositide hydrolysis or the specific binding of [3H]MK-801 to NMDA receptors, it appears that the neuroprotective effects of NMDA are not due to NMDA receptor desensitization.     

Comparative Study on the Immunogenicity between Recombinant MS-Sj26GST Vaccine and Recombinant BCG-Sj26GST Vaccine in Schistosoma japonicum

TuberculosisandSchistosomiasisarethemajorcontagiousdiseaseswhicharethemostdangeroustothepeople’shealth Inordertogetridofthem ,wemustlookforamoreusefulvaccine Bythetech niquesofmolecularbiology ,2 6 0 0 0DaGlutathionStransferase (GST) genewasclonedintotheE coli MycobacteriumtransferringandexpressionvectorpBCG 2 0 0 0totransformittoMycobacteriumsmeg matismc2 15 5 (MS)andBCGseparatelyinordertoconstructrMS Sj2 6GSTvaccineandrBCG Sj2 6GSTvaccine Inthisstudy ,theBALB/cmicewereimmu niz…     

Organic anion transport in HepG2 cells: absence of the high-affinity, chloride-dependent transporter.

In previous studies, we identified a 55 kD organic anion-binding protein in liver cell sinusoidal plasma membrane subfractions. Other investigators identified another 55 kD bromosulfophthalein/bilirubin binding protein on the surface of rat hepatocytes and HepG2 cells and suggested that this protein served as a transporter for these ligands. In this study, transport of 35S-sulfobromophthalein by the human hepatoma cell line, HepG2, was quantified in the presence and absence of bovine serum albumin to further clarify the possible function of these plasma membrane binding proteins. In contrast to results in normal rat hepatocytes, virtually no uptake of 35S-sulfobromophthalein by HepG2 cells in the presence of bovine serum albumin was found. In the absence of albumin, HepG2 cells expressed temperature-dependent uptake of 35S-sulfobromophthalein. However, the high-affinity Cl(-)-dependent sulfobromophthalein transport that characterizes normal rat hepatocytes was absent, as indicated by an approximately 95-fold lower affinity and 170-fold higher capacity of HepG2 cells for sulfobromophthalein compared with previous results with rat hepatocytes. These results suggest that 55 kD sulfobromophthalein/bilirubin-binding protein on the liver cell surface differs from organic anion-binding protein and is not responsible for sulfobromophthalein extraction in the presence of albumin, although it may play some role in lower affinity transport by cells. Immunoblot analysis and metabolic labeling of HepG2 cells demonstrated synthesis of organic anion-binding protein. However, light microscopic immunocytochemistry and immunoprecipitation of surface iodinated rat hepatocytes and HepG2 cells with antibody to a recombinant organic anion-binding protein fusion protein indicated absence of organic anion-binding protein on the surface of HepG2 cells.(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 250 WORDS)