Suresight手持验光仪在儿童屈光检查的应用

目的探讨Suresight手持自动验光仪应用于儿童验光的准确性及其特点,为儿童屈光普查和流行病学调查寻找简便可行的验光方法.方法对89例患者(178眼),分别用Suresight手持验光仪进行自然状况下和使用阿托品后验光及散瞳检影验光.结果儿童屈光不正种类以远视性屈光不正为主(82.0%).Suresight手持验光仪与散瞳检影验光相比较,球镜度数:使用阿托品后手持验光仪与散瞳检影法检出的结果呈高度正相关(r=0.890);自然状况下手持验光仪与散瞳检影法检出的结果亦有相关性(r=0.591.).柱镜度数:使用阿托品散瞳后手持验光仪与检影法检出的结果呈高度正相关(r=0.950),自然状况下手持验光仪与散瞳检影法检出的结果亦呈高度正相关(r=0.910).手持验光仪比检影验光法散光的检出率高,但主要是≤0.75D的低度散光.柱镜轴向:手持验光仪在睫状肌麻痹状态下与视网膜检影法测定结果比较,轴向差值≤10°者占81.3%,自然状况下与视网膜检影法比较,轴向差值≤10°者占82.7%.结论Suresight手持验光仪对屈光普查和流行病学调查有较好的使用价值.     

2型糖尿病病程与视网膜病变的相关性

目的 :分析2型糖尿病 (T2DM)病程与糖尿病视网膜疾病 (DR)分期之间的关系。方法 :应用德国海堡眼底共聚焦激光扫描系统对102例T2DM病人进行眼底荧光造影检查 ,再由专家组进行DR的分期诊断 ,并结合病史 ,分析T2DM病程与DR分斯之间的关系。结果 :DM病程为≤5年组DR患病率为18 3 % ,DM病程为≥15年组DR患病率为71 2 %。结论 :DR的严重程度与糖尿病病程呈正相关。     

"糟得很"和"好得很"——聚焦企业医院转型中的高管心态

当转型后手中的权力即将随着医院剥离、重组而付之东流,能否做到泰山崩于前而不为所动?当新东家的到来将让你在所有同僚面前扬眉吐气,是否还能义正词严地拒绝他们的光荣策反?当进和退都意味着遭遇深渊,如何选择两种死亡中的任何一项必然?医院转型、重组、剥离对谁来说都不是一件轻松的事。在利益和权力的角逐中,有沧海横流的英雄本色,更有勾心斗角的人心真实……     

浅析我国台湾地区药害救济法及制度借鉴

目的 借鉴我国台湾地区的药害救济制度,探索我国大陆的药害救济制度.方法 详细解析我国台湾地区的药害救济法的立法背景、目的以及药害救济法的具体内容.结果与结论 这种制度对于我国大陆医药制度的改革和发展具有一定的借鉴和参照的价值.     

体外循环降温期不同氧分压对二尖瓣膜置换患者术后的影响

目的评价体外循环降温期不同的氧分压对二尖瓣置换患者术后的影响。方法75例二尖瓣置换术患者，按体外循环降温末期动脉血氧分压数，分成低氧组、常氧组和高氧组，记录体外循环结束后第1、8、16小时多巴胺用量。术后麻醉清醒时间和呼吸机辅助时间，同时记录患者的年龄、体重、体外循环时间、升主动脉阻断时间和左室射血分数。结果体外循环术后第1小时内，常氧组多巴胺用量明显小于低氧组和高氧组（P〈O．05），术后第8小时，常氧组多巴胺用量明显小于低氧组（P〈O．05）。术后麻醉清醒时间和呼吸机辅助时问各组问无显著性差异。结论二尖瓣置换术体外循环降温期，常氧分压氧合有利于术后早期患者心功能恢复。     

Improved exposure of isolated perimembranous ventricular septal defects

We describe an alternative step in the transatrial approach to the repair of ventricular septal defects. We temporarily detach the chorda of the obscuring tricuspid valve from its attachment to the septum to expose the ventricular septal defect.     

Treatment of human tumor xenografts with monoclonal antibody 806 in combination with a prototypical epidermal growth factor receptor-specific antibody generates enhanced antitumor activity.

Monoclonal antibody (mAb) 806 is a novel epidermal growth factor receptor (EGFR) antibody with significant antitumor activity that recognizes a mutant EGFR commonly expressed in glioma known as delta2-7 EGFR (de2-7 EGFR or EGFRvIII) and a subset of the wild-type (wt) EGFR found in cells that overexpress the receptor. We have used two human xenograft mouse models to examine the efficacy of mAb 806 in combination with mAb 528, a prototypical anti-EGFR antibody with similar specificity to cetuximab. Treatment of nude mice, bearing s.c. or i.c. tumor human xenografts expressing the wt or de2-7 EGFR, with mAbs 806 and 528 in combination resulted in additive and in some cases synergistic, antitumor activity. Interestingly, mAb 528 was also effective against xenografts expressing the ligand independent de2-7 EGFR when used as a single agent, showing that its antitumor activity is not merely mediated through inhibition of ligand binding. When used as single agents, neither mAbs 806 or 528 induced down-regulation of the de2-7 EGFR either in vitro or in vivo. In contrast, the combination of antibodies produced a rapid and dramatic decrease in the total cell surface de2-7 EGFR both in vitro and in xenografts. Consistent with this decrease in total cell surface de2-7 EGFR, we observed up-regulation of the cell cycle inhibitor p27(KIP1) and a decrease in tumor cell proliferation as measured by Ki-67 immunostaining when the antibodies were used in combination in vivo. Thus, mAb 806 can synergize with other EGFR-specific antibodies thereby providing a rationale for its translation into the clinic.     

聚维酮碘泡腾颗粒的制备和质量控制

目的:研制聚维酮碘泡腾颗粒.方法:以溶液pH、颗粒性状及溶化性为指标筛选处方及工艺,并制定质量标准.结果:以酒石酸、碳酸氢钠为泡腾剂,聚维酮醇液作黏合剂制得的聚维酮碘泡腾颗粒符合临床用药要求.结论:本制剂工艺简便,质量可控.     

High-Resolution Melting Assay (HRMA) is a Simple and Sensitive Stool-Based DNA Test for the Detection of Mutations in Colorectal Neoplasms

BackgroundStool-based DNA testing for colorectal cancer is becoming a favored alternative to existing DNA screening tests. However, current methods of analysis often become more complicated and costly with increased sensitivity. The high-resolution melting assay (HRMA) is a simple and rapid mutation scanning method with low cost and superb accuracy. In this study, we verified the accuracy of HRMA for screening KRAS/TP53 mutations in stool-isolated DNA from patients with colorectal cancer.Materials and MethodsComparing to direct DNA sequencing, the accuracy of HRMA was verified by detecting KRAS/TP53 mutations in 2 independent stages. In study stage I, both tissue and stool samples from colorectal neoplasm patients were analyzed. In study stage II, stool samples from patients with colorectal neoplasms, and normal controls in clinical screening settings were examined.ResultsIn study stage I, the HRMA identified 14 of 17 target mutations (82.4%) in stools from cancer patients, and 4 of 5 (80.0%) target mutations in stools from advanced adenoma patients. The mutation detection rate in fecal samples (45.0%; 18/40) and referred tissue samples (55.0%; 22/40) was highly consistent (κ = 0.79). The HRMA detected 1% mutant DNA in a background of wild type DNA. In study stage II, the HRMA assay detected 58.8% (20/34) mutations in tumor samples, 41.5% (17/41) in advanced adenomas samples, and 3.33% (2/60) in age-matched normal control samples. The results from HRMA and DNA sequencing revealed 100% sensitivity and specificity in both tissue and stool samples.ConclusionHRMA is a simple, reliable, and sensitive method for detecting DNA mutations in the stool samples from patients with colorectal neoplasms.     

Genome-wide DNA methylation profiling identifies ALDH1A3 promoter methylation as a prognostic predictor in G-CIMP− primary glioblastoma

To date, the aberrations in the DNA methylation patterns that are associated with different prognoses of G-CIMP− primary GBMs remain to be elucidated. Here, DNA methylation profiling of primary GBM tissues from 13 long-term survivors (LTS; overall survival ?18 months) and 20 short-term survivors (STS; overall survival ?9 months) was performed. Then G-CIMP+ samples were excluded. The differentially expressed CpG loci were identified between residual 18 STS and 9 LTS G-CIMP− samples. Methylation levels of 11 CpG loci (10 genes) were statistically significantly lower, and 43 CpG loci (40 genes) were statistically significantly higher in the tumor tissues of LTS than those of STS G-CIMP− samples (P < 0.01). Of the 43 CpG loci that were hypermethylated in LTS G-CIMP− samples, 3 CpG loci localized in the promoter of ALDH1A3. Furthermore, using an independent validation cohort containing 37 primary GBM samples without IDH1 mutation and MGMT promoter methylation, the hypermethylation status of ALDH1A3 promoter predicted a better prognosis with an accompanied low expression of ALDH1A3 protein. Taken together, our results defined prognosis-related methylation signatures systematically for the first time in G-CIMP− primary GBMs. ALDH1A3 promoter methylation conferred a favorable prognosis in G-CIMP− primary GBMs.