Enhancement of Viability of Fat Grafts in Nude Mice by Endothelial Progenitor Cells

BACKGROUND: A recent discovery showed that endothelial progenitor cells (EPCs) could augment collateral vessel growth to ischemic tissues. OBJECTIVE: The objective was to demonstrate the effects of EPCs on the vasculogenesis and survival of free transplanted fat tissues in nude mice. METHODS: EPCs from human donors were cultured in vitro for 7 days. Human fat tissues were injected subcutaneously into the scalps of 20 6-week-old nude male mice. EPCs stained with CM-DiI were mixed with the transplanted fat tissues and injected into the mice. EBM-2 medium was used as control group. The animals were euthanized 15 weeks after the procedure. Graft volume were measured, and histologic evaluation was performed. The central part of fat tissues was histologically evaluated 15 weeks after the fat injection. RESULTS: The survival volume of the experimental group was significantly greater than that of the control group (p< .05). Less cyst formation and fibrosis was obtained in the experimental group. Histologic evaluation of the central part of fat tissues 15 weeks after the fat injection showed that capillary densities increased markedly in the experimental group mice. CONCLUSION: The results indicate that EPCs have the ability to enhance the survival and the quality of the transplanted fat tissues.     

Silicone pneumonitis,diffuse alveolar hemorrhage and acute respiratory distress syndrome from gluteal silicone injections

Fatal complications from illegal cosmetic injection of nonmedical-grade liquid silicone (polydimethylsiloxane) by unlicensed providers are becoming more common. Silicone embolization syndrome (SES) can rapidly progress to pneumonitis and diffuse alveolar hemorrhage. Prompt and aggressive management with high-dose steroids and lung-protective ventilation strategies to minimize acute respiratory distress syndrome (ARDS) can be lifesaving. We present the case of a patient presenting with abdominal pain and shortness of breath who quickly developed respiratory failure. The patient recently had received bilateral gluteal silicone injections from an unlicensed provider.     

The Impact of Dopamine on Hemodynamics,Oxygen Metabolism,and Cerebral Resuscitation After Restoration of Spontaneous Circulation in Pigs

Background: Restoration of spontaneous circulation after cardiopulmonary resuscitation in cardiac arrest patients does not always signal a completely successful outcome. Functional deficiencies of the nervous system are found in many survivors of cardiac arrest. Objectives: To study the effects of dopamine-induced elevated blood pressure on the hemodynamics, oxygen metabolism, and cerebral resuscitation in different perfusion conditions in a resuscitated animal model. Methods: There were 18 pigs included in the study. Ventricular fibrillation (VF) was induced with a programmed electrical stimulation device. After 4 min of untreated ventricular fibrillation followed by 9 min of CPR, 12 animals were resuscitated successfully, and were then randomly assigned to either the study group (dopamine group) or the control group (normal perfusion group). All animals in the two groups received normal saline through continuous intravenous guttae for 4 h at a rate of 15 mL/kg/h. In the study group, dopamine was added to raise the animals' blood pressure. Four hours of intensive monitoring was performed for all study animals. Finally, 24-h evaluation of neurological function was conducted in surviving animals in accordance with the standard of the Cerebral Performance Category Score. Results: In animals in the dopamine group, the cardiac output, mean aortic pressure, coronary perfusion pressure, oxygen delivery, and oxygen consumption were higher than those found in the animals in the normal perfusion group (p < 0.05). Oxygen metabolism was remarkably improved in animals in the dopamine group. Furthermore, cerebral perfusion was better in the dopamine group than in the control group and thus, results of the evaluation of nervous system function were better in animals treated with dopamine (p < 0.05). Conclusions: Dopamine improved systemic perfusion, cerebral blood supply, and oxygen metabolism after successful resuscitation from VF in a porcine model. All of these factors have profound effects on the cerebral resuscitation.