癌胚抗原相关细胞黏附分子和人胸肾表达趋化因子在婴幼儿血管瘤组织中的表达

目的 检测癌胚抗原相关细胞黏附分子(CEACAM-1)和人胸肾表达趋化因子(CXCL-14)在不同时期婴幼儿血管瘤组织中的表达,并探讨其在血管瘤发生发展过程中的作用和意义.方法 应用免疫组化法和Western免疫印迹检测CEACAM-1和CXCL-14在增生期、消退期和消退完成期婴幼儿血管瘤组织中的表达,利用计算机图像分析技术测量平均吸光度.结果 CEACAM-1在增生期血管瘤组织中不表达或低表达,消退期呈强阳性表达,消退完成期呈阳性表达;各期之间CEACAM-1的表达差异有统计学意义(P<0.05);CXCL-14在增生早期血管瘤组织中不表达或低表达,消退期呈阳性表达,消退完成期呈强阳性表达,各期之间CXCL-14表达差异有统计学意义(P<0.05).结论 CEACAM-1和CXCL-14可能参与了婴幼儿血管瘤病理变化过程,在该病发生发展过程中起一定的作用.     

电穿孔介导的基因治疗对兔下颌骨牵引区新生骨骨密度与强度的影响

Objective To explore the effect of electroporation mediated gene therapy on bone mineral density and strength of new-formed bone in mandibular distraction gap, so as to enhance the osteogenesis and shorten the distraction term. Methods New-Zeland rabbits were employed. The distraction began after 3 days of latency period at the rate of 0. 8 mm per day for 7 days. After distraction, the rabbits were randomly divided into 5 groups to receive injection in the distraction gap with recombinant plasmid 2 μg(0. 1μg/μl)pIRES-hVEGF165-hBMP2 in group A, with recombinant plasmid pIRES-hBMP2 in group B, with recombinant plasmid pIRES-hVEGF165 in group C, with pIRES in group D, and with normal saline (NS) in group E. After injection, electroporation was performed in all the groups. After 1 week, 2 weeks, 4 weeks and 8 weeks of consolidation, all the animals underwent X-ray and quantitative computed tomography (QCT). The new-formed bone in distraction gap was selected as regions of interest (ROI) to measure the bone mineral density( BMD). Then the rabbits were sacrificed and the new-formed bone samples were harvested to detect 3-point crushing strength. Results BMD of newly formed bone in group A, B and C was markedly higher than that in group D and E (P < 0. 01 ). After 2 weeks of consolidation, BMD in group A was much higher than that in the other groups, but there was no difference between group B and C. After 4 weeks of consolidation, BMD in group A and B was markedly higher than that in group C, D and E ( P < 0. 01 ). After 8 weeks of consolidation, BMD in group A was markedly higher than that in the other groups. While the BMD was not significantly different between group B and C, but the BMD in group B and C was higher than that in group D and E ( P < 0. 01 ). After 4 weeks of consolidation, the 3-point crushing strength of newly formed bone in group A was markedly higher than that in group B,C, D and E ( P < 0. 01 ) , which was still the same after 8 weeks of consolidation. And the crushing strength in group B was higher than that in group C, D and E ( P < 0.05 ). Conclusions Electroporation-mediated transfection of recombinant plasmid pIRES-hVEGF165-hBMP2 could greatly enhance osteogenesis and calcification. A combination of VECF and BMP may promote osteogenesis and angiogenesis simultaneously, so as to magnify the effect of each growth factor, resulting a synergetic effect.     

单孔腹腔镜手术发展概况

经自然孔道内镜外科（natural orifice transluminal endoscopicsurgery,NOTES）是近年来出现的新概念和新技术,其基本理念是减少或隐藏手术瘢痕,减轻术后疼痛,促进术后康复等。经胃、直肠、阴道、尿道等的内镜外科技术由于受到诸多客观条件的限制,如安全的腹腔入路、     

非清髓异基因造血干细胞移植研究进展(附视频)

本文结合国内外非清髓异基因造血干细胞移植(NST)的最新研究进展,从NST的现状、概念和理念、研究热点,特别是NST的疗效、受者存活率、白血病复发、移植后移植物抗白血病效应等方面作了重点介绍,以期为国内的NST临床和基础研究提供借鉴.     

保留前列腺包膜的膀胱全切除-原位回肠新膀胱术

目的 探讨保留前列腺包膜的膀胱根治性切除-原位回肠新膀胱术的手术方法及疗效.方法 2002年5月至2008年9月,对35例浸润性膀胱癌患者施行了保留前列腺包膜的膀胱根治性切除-原位回肠新膀胱术,其中开放手术22例,腹腔镜手术13例.术中保留患者的前列腺包膜、精囊、输精管、神经血管束.术后对患者进行定期随访,了解患者的生活质量、排尿情况,并检测患者的残余尿量、新膀胱压力及性功能情况等.结果 全部患者均顺利完成保留前列腺包膜和勃起神经的膀胱根治性切除一原位回肠新膀胱术.其中开放手术时间为210～330 min,平均271 min;术中出血200～800 ml,平均460 ml.腹腔镜手术时间为210～420 min,平均343 min;术中出血80～800 ml,平均377 ml.术后3个月IVU及代膀胱造影检查,显示双肾显影良好,无输尿管返流及梗阻,代膀胱充盈良好,容量约250～350 ml.术后6个月随访,所有患者均能自行排尿,2例患者有夜间尿失禁.术后71.4%(20/28)的患者保留了阴茎勃起功能.无患者出现尿道残端或前列腺包膜肿瘤复发,有2例发生盆腔淋巴结转移,1例骨转移.结论 保留前列腺包膜的膀胱根治性切除术与标准的膀胱前列腺根治性切除术相比,具有操作简单、控尿效果好、可保留勃起神经等特点,适用于对性功能要求较强、肿瘤未累及膀胱颈及前列腺的较年轻的患者.然而,其肿瘤控制效果还有待于进一步观察.     

膀胱移行细胞癌中Survivin与Ki-67、p53的表达及临床意义

目的 探讨膀胱移行细胞癌中Survivin、p53及Ki-67的表达与膀胱移行细胞癌临床病理特征的关系及其临床意义. 方法 用免疫组织化学方法 检测88例膀胱移行细胞癌与10例正常膀胱黏膜组织中Survivin、p53及Ki-67的表达,并用RT-PCR方法 验证其中30例膀胱移行细胞癌和10例正常膀胱黏膜组织中Survivin的表达. 结果 免疫组织化学方法 显示在膀胱移行细胞癌中Survivin、p53阳性表达率分别为63.6%(56/88)和45.5%(40/88),正常膀胱黏膜组织中均无表达,差异有统计学意义(P<0.01),且Survivin的表达与膀胱癌的临床分期密切相关(P<0.05).膀胱癌组织中Ki-67增殖指数(PI)为20.4士10.7,正常膀胱黏膜组织中为0.RT-PCR方法 显示在30例膀胱移行细胞癌中Survivin阳性表达率为100%,而正常膀胱黏膜组织中均无表达.结论 Survivin与膀胱癌的恶性程度有关,与p53及Ki-67共同参与了膀胱移行细胞癌的发生、发展及进程.     

逐步提高冲击波能量预处理对体外冲击波碎石术肾损伤的保护作用

目的探讨逐步提高冲击波能量（GESW）预处理对体外冲击波碎石术（ESWL）肾损伤的保护作用及机制。方法制成单肾的40只雌性家兔随机等分为对照组、GESW组、ESWL组、ESWL＋GESW预处理组。GESW组肾接受300次GESW;ESWL组肾接收标准的1500次ESWL：ESWL＋GESW预处理组先按GESW组处理,然后同ESWL组处理。24h时观察肾组织超氧化物歧化酶（SOD）活性、丙二醛（MDA）含量和尿N-乙酰-β-D-氨基葡萄糖苷酶（NAG）变化,原位缺口末端标记法（TUNEL）检测凋亡细胞。结果与ESWL组比较,GESW预处理组肾组织SOD活性增高（P〈0．05）,MDA含量和细胞凋亡指数降低（P〈0．01）、尿NAG降低（P〈0．01）。与对照组比较,GESW组各项指标差异无统计学意义（P〉0．05）。结论GESW预处理可减轻ESWL所致的肾损害,与其抗氧化应激损伤、抗细胞凋亡有关。     

内蒙古呼伦贝尔地区成人慢性肾脏病流行病学调查

Objective To investigate the prevalence and risk factors of chronic kidney disease (CKD) in the general adult population in the Hulunbeir Prefecture, Inner Mongolia Autonomous Region where many minorities of north China live. Methods Sampling surveywas performed in the residents aged 20 years and older in the Hulunbeir Prefecture. All the investigated subjects were tested for urinary albumin to creatinine ratio (ACR); hematuria by microscopy of urinary sediment; and GFR estimated by modified MDRD equation for Chinese adults (eGFR). The related risk factors of CKD were also investigated. Results A total of 4522 subjects were enrolled in the study. The prevalence of albuminuria was 7.11％, hematuria was 2.64％ and reduced eGFR [60 ml-min-1·(1.73 m2)-1] was 2.75％. The prevalence of hypertension was 38.90％; hyperglycemia 6.61％; hyperlipidemia 2.72％; increased waist 24.79％ and metabolic syndrome 15.02％. After the subjects with combined microalbuminuria, hematuria and reduced eGFR were excluded, the prevalence of CKD was 12.95％. Logistic regression analysis and stratified analysis showed increased age, increased waist, elevated systolic pressure, hyperglycemia,hypertriglyceridemia and metabolic syndrome were independently associated with albuminuria;increased age, elevated systolic pressure and hyperglycemia were independently associated with reduced eGFR; increased age was independently associated with hematuria. Conclusions The prevalence of adult CKD is 12.95％ in the Hulunbeir Prefecture, Inner Mongolia Autonomous Region. Independent risk factors of CKD include increased age, increased waist, hypertension,abnormal blood glucose or lipid, and metabolic syndrome.     

苯海拉明霜联合甲硝唑霜综合治疗激素依赖性皮炎的疗效

目的探讨用1％苯海拉明霜联合3％甲硝唑霜综合治疗激素依赖性皮炎的疗效和安全性。方法采用随机单盲方法,将90例激素依赖性皮炎患者分为3组：A组用1％苯海拉明霜＋3％甲硝唑霜综合疗法,B组用氯雷他定＋喜疗妥进行治疗,C组用激素递减法治疗,疗程均8周,在治疗的2、4、8周进行随访,并在治疗的第4、8周判断疗效。结果治疗8周后,A、B、C组的有效率分别为86．20％,73．33％,66．67％,3组疗效差异有统计学意义（P〈0．05）,A组疗效明显高于B、C两组。3组治疗方法均无明显不良反应。结论1%苯海拉明霜十3％甲硝唑霜综合疗法是对激素依赖性皮炎有较显著疗效的方法。