金针菇生物活性物质结构与功能的研究进展

金针菇Flammulina velutipes含有多种生物活性物质,具有很高的药用价值。总结了近年来金针菇中火菇素(flammulin)、溶细胞素(flammutoxin)、免疫调节蛋白(Fip-fve)、抗病毒蛋白、跨上皮电抗性蛋白(TEER-TDP)和金针菇多糖(FVP)的研究进展。     

In vivo activity and metabolic fate of 2-(2,3,3-triiodoallyl)tetrazole (ME1401), a novel antifungal agent

2-(2,3,3-Triiodoallyl)tetrazole (ME1401), a novel antifungal agent, showed therapeutic effectiveness in topical treatment of experimental dermal infections with Trichophyton mentagrophytes and Candida albicans in guinea-pigs. Addition of diethyl sebacate to the ME1401 preparations increased its in vivo antifungal activity and its penetration into the skin. When the estimation of efficacy of treatment with active formulations was made on the basis of skin lesion and the rate of negative skin cultures in comparison with those for infected, untreated or placebo-treated controls, the in vivo activity of 0.5% ethanol tincture or gel of ME1401 was comparable to that of reference antimycotic drugs such as clotrimazole, haloprogin and others. Pharmacokinetic studies in the experimental animals demonstrated that ME1401 was unstable in vivo, being readily converted to an active metabolite 2-(3-iodopropargyl)tetrazole (CN144) first and then to 2-propargyltetrazole (CN151). CN144 showed potent in vitro and in vivo antifungal activities, while the in vitro activity of CN151 was negligible.     

儿童多米诺肝移植初步报告

目的探讨儿童多米诺肝移植的可行性和安全性。方法将一成人左外叶移植给家族性高胆固醇血症3岁男性患儿，同时采用多米诺肝移植技术将该患儿的肝脏移植给先天性胆道闭锁4个月女性患儿。结果家族性高胆固醇血症患儿的血清总胆固醇及低密度脂蛋白于术后第三天降至正常范围，手术后第8天死于心力衰竭。先天性胆道闭锁患儿随访16个月，肝肾功能化验正常，血清总胆固醇及低密度脂蛋白分别为8．87mmol／L和6．21mmol／L，明显低于多米诺供体患儿的术前水平。结论尽管术后多米诺受者出现获得性高胆固醇血症，但FHC可以作为多米诺供肝，近期效果满意，远期效果需进一步观察。     

改良去带盲结肠可控膀胱术

目的：评价改良去带盲结肠可控膀胱术的临床价值。方法：对8例膀胱癌患者施行全膀胱切除和改良去带盲结肠可控膀胱术。结果：随访3－41个月，均获得良好的疗效。贮尿囊容量为260－700ml，贮尿囊内最大压力为0.981-2.940kPa，每3－6h导尿1次，血清电解质和肾功能正常。结论：本术式可以获得大容量、低内压的贮尿囊，具有可控效果好、操作简单和并发症少等优点。     

对住院病人医疗服务评价及需求的调查分析

目的 考查医院现有服务结构的合理性和病人对医疗服务的需求。方法 对作者所在医院19个临床科室年龄15岁以上的130名病人进行问卷调查,医疗服务评价内容包括:(1)医院饮食、卫生状况;(2)收费合理性;(3)收费透明度;(4)病人总体满意度。医疗服务需求包括:(1)出院后服务;(2)药物类型;(4)病房类型(4)收费透明度;(5)知情选择。结果(1)医疗服务评价:87.4%病人对卫生状况满意,513%病人认为收费合理,6．7%病人认为收费不合理;37.2%病人认为收费透明度高,8.3%病人认为收费透明度低,大部分病人希望住院部每3~5 d给一次费用报告单;82．8%病人对医疗服务感到满意。表明医疗服务的综合质量虽然得到了病人的普遍赞同,但在饮食服务、收费透明度和收费合理性方面仍有待提高。(2)医疗服务需求:91.3%病人希望出院后一定时间内可免费看门诊或叶通过电话向主管医生咨询有关疾病防治、保健等问题;73．8%病人希望用合资企业生产的或国产药物,26．2%病人喜欢用进口药,仅11.3%病人认为药物越贵治疗效果越好;喜欢住50-70元双人间的病人占40．8%,愿意住30-50元多人间和90~120元单人间的病人比例分别为359%、23.3%;调查人群入住单人间、双人间与多人间的比例为2:39:59,病人需求的理想病房结构是36:41:23．矛盾突出在现在的人间设置得     

人参茎叶总皂甙对实验性小鼠生殖细胞遗传物质损伤的影响

本文采用小鼠精原细胞姐妹染色单体互换（ＳＣＥ）实验方法，研究了人参茎叶总皂甙（ＧＮＳ）对丝裂霉素Ｃ（ＭＭＣ）引起的小鼠精原细胞遗传物质损伤的影响。结果表明，ＧＮＳ不能诱发小鼠精原细胞ＳＣＥ，而且在腹腔注射ＭＭＣ的同时给予ＧＮＳ，可使ＭＭＣ诱发的小鼠精原细胞ＳＣＥ频率明显降低。为此，我们认为ＧＮＳ对小鼠生殖细胞遗传物质具有保护作用。     

利多卡因对大鼠离体气管平滑肌的作用及机制

目的:研究利多卡因对气管平滑肌的作用及机制.方法:观察利多卡因对乙酰胆碱(ACh)和高钾预收缩大鼠离体气管的作用,对ACh、高钾和CaCl2诱发气管平滑肌收缩作用剂量反应曲线和ACh致两种收缩组分的影响并与维拉帕米进行比较.结果:利多卡因对ACh和高钾诱发的大鼠离体气管平滑肌标本收缩有舒张作用,并不被L-NAME和普萘洛尔阻断.利多卡因浓度依赖性地使ACh、KCl和CaCl2对大鼠离体气管条标本的量效反应曲线右移,最大反应降低.利多卡因0.69和3.45 mmol/L对ACh所致依赖细胞内钙收缩的抑制率及依赖细胞外钙收缩的抑制率差别均十分显著(P＜0.01).结论:利多卡因对离体大鼠气管平滑肌的舒张作用可能是通过非特异性地抑制细胞外钙经电压调节和受体调节钙通道向内流动及抑制细胞内钙释放来实现的.     

飞行人员380例异常B超检查结果分析

目的　正确分析异常B超检查 ,提高航空卫生保障工作质量。方法　应用PHILIPSSD 2 4 0型超声诊断仪对疗养飞行人员 ,进行腹部各脏器检查。结果　 380例异常B超检查结果中 12 8例为首次确诊 ;异常B超共诊断出疾病 14种 ,其中脂肪肝、泌尿系结石、胆囊息肉占前 3位 ;且随着年龄的增长 ,阳性率逐渐增高。结论　B超诊断对飞行人员的健康鉴定具有重要作用 ,建议将B超检查作为大体检必查项目     

Diastematomyelia presenting as progressive weakness in an adult after spinal fusion for adolescent idiopathic scoliosis.

BACKGROUND CONTEXT: Diastematomyelia is uncommon and rarely presents in adulthood. This report draws attention to the fact that patients who underwent spinal fusion for deformity before the widespread use of computed tomography (CT) and magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) may have unrecognized spinal cord abnormalities. This should be considered if revision surgery is contemplated. PURPOSE: This case report focuses on the late presentation of lower-extremity weakness in a 44-year-old woman with a split cord malformation (diplomyelia), diastematomyelia and tethered cord syndrome. STUDY DESIGN/SETTING: METHODS: The patient underwent instrumented posterior spinal fusion with a Harrington rod as a child for progressive thoracolumbar scoliosis. As an adult, she developed paraparesis after a traumatic event.The patient underwent decompressive laminectomy, subtotal resection of the old fusion mass and resection of the osseous septum. Postoperatively, an anterior spinal fluid leak in the lower thoracic region required repeated fascial grafting, resection of a pseudomeningocele and reverse left latissimus dorsi flap transfer. The leak was controlled, and the patient had near complete resolution of her paraparesis 1 year after her surgery. RESULTS: The case described herein is unusual in that patients with diplomyelia and diastematomyelia rarely are symptomatic in adulthood. However, trauma may precipitate the onset of neurologic symptoms. This patient underwent spinal surgeries to address deformity, pain and progressive lower-extremity weakness. Preoperative CT and MRI studies showed a split cord malformation and diastematomyelia at L1-L2 with spinal stenosis and tethering of both hemicords. CONCLUSIONS: Progressive weakness without any previous neurologic deficit or neurocutaneous stigmas of an underlying spinal cord abnormality may develop in the adult with unrecognized diastemotomyelia. This case demonstrates that a thorough preoperative workup of patients with complex spinal deformities is imperative.     

羊间接性颞下颌关节损伤后髁突软骨中基质金属蛋白酶-3表达及其意义

目的 探讨基质金属蛋白酶-3(matrix metalloproteinase-3，MMP-3)在羊颞下颌关节((temporomandibular joint，TMJ))间接创伤后骨关节病发生中的作用。方法 用自制撞击装置造成山羊双侧颞下颌关节间接性创伤，分别于伤后1周、1，3，6个月取TMJ髁突软骨，并以正常TMJ作为对照，用免疫荧光组织化学方法观察MMP-3的表达。结果 TMJ髁突软骨中MMP-3伤后1个月表达开始增强，后期进一步增强；荧光着色于软骨破坏区及增生的滑膜样组织、软骨肥大带及骨髓内较强，正常对照组基本呈阴性反应。结论 MMP-3参与了TMJ创伤所致TMJ骨关节病过程，并起了重要作用。