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51.
52.
Based on the experience of the author and an intensive study of the titles of English medical papers written by authors in English-speaking countries, the characteristics and styles of the titles were expounded with well-selected examples. The paper also introduces some practical skills to write good English titles and enumerates some frequently used structures and expressions, which might be helpful for potential Chinese contributors to medical journals. 相似文献
53.
38例视网膜母细胞瘤的临床和误诊分析 总被引:1,自引:0,他引:1
目的 探讨视网膜母细胞瘤(retinoblastoma,RB)的临床特征、病理分类和误诊原因,尽可能减少错误的临床诊治。方法 对我科于1999-2004年间收集的38例临床诊断为视网膜母细胞瘤(retinoblastoma,RB)的病例资料进行回顾性分析。结果在38例疑似病例中,34例病理诊断为视网膜母细胞瘤,4例为Coats病。结论掌握相关的影像学知识和综合分析疑难病例的临床资料将有助于视网膜母细胞瘤的正确诊断和处理。 相似文献
54.
Objective To test the hypothesis that p53 gene therapy combined with endostatin can enhance tumor response to radiation therapy of RM-1 mouse xenograft prostate cancer and to investigate its mechanism. Methods A mouse prostate cancer model was established. Then mice with xenograft tumor were randomly divided into group A (control), B (radiation), C (radiation and rAdp53), D (radiation and rh-endostatin) and E (radiation and rAdp53 and rh-endostatin). On day 1, rAdp53 was injected intra-tumorously with 1 × 1010 vp per animal to group C and E. From day 1 to 14, rh-endostatin was given 15 mg/kg intraperitoneally daily to group D and E. On day 4 single fraction of 15 Gy was given to tumors in groups B, C, D and E. Normal saline was injected intra-tumorously or intraperitoneaUy accordingly as control. No treatment was done to group A. Tumor volume was measured daily. Samples were collected on Days 5, 10 and 15. Ki67, CD31, p53 and VEGF were detected by means of immunohistochemistry. Results (1) Radiation alone, radiation combined with intra-tumorous injection of Adp53 and/or intraperitoneal injection of rh-endostatin resulted in tumor growth arrest of RM-1 cells in vivo (P = 0.000). Radiation combined with both rAdp53 and rh-endostatin was the most effective treatment (P < 0.05). (2) All the four treatment groups had a decreased expression of mutant type P53 (P = 0.000). The expression of Ki67 in groups B and C were equal (P 0.05) and increasing (P = 0.000), respectively. Group D had a up-down-up curve (P < 0.05), but group E had a up-down one. On day 5 the expresion of VEGF in group E was the lowest (P < 0.05). An increased expression of MVD compared with the control was shown, and MVD in groups C, D and E were always higher than that in the control (P < 0.05). Conclusions The limitation of radiotherapy could be overcome by combination with beth p53 gene therapy and endostatin on the growth of mouse prostate cancer cell. Radiation, rAdp53 and endostatin have their own role but they can be interacted with each other. 相似文献
55.
RNA干扰基因敲除MAGE-1在恶性胶质瘤U87细胞中的初步研究 总被引:4,自引:4,他引:0
目的:通过构建抑制MAGE-1的短片段双链核糖核酸(siRNA)表达载体,鉴定其在人恶性胶质瘤细胞系U87细胞中对MAGE.1基因表达的干涉作用。方法:化学合成2对编码短发夹RNA序列的靶向MAGE—1基因寡核苷酸链,克隆至经BglⅡ、HindⅢ双酶切的pSUPER载体上,重组构建核糖核酸干扰(RNAi)质粒载体。利用RT-PCR、流式细胞术和荧光显微镜,检测经稳定转染后胶质瘤U87细胞中MAGE-1的表达,以了解siRNA的干涉效果。结果:重组构建的pSUPER—MAGE—1载体经双酶切、电泳及插入基因片段序列分析,表明寡核苷酸链成功地插入至预计位点,且序列与预期完全一致。稳定转染后G418筛选出的U87多克隆细胞MAGE-1的表达经RT—PCR、流式细胞术和荧光显微镜检测,2对siRNA均有较明显的干扰作用。结论:载体的成功构建并能对U87细胞中的MAGE—1分子进行RNAi,为进一步研究MAGE—1在肿瘤中的作用,分析基因功能,展开肿瘤基因治疗奠定了基础。 相似文献
56.
Lin Bo Wang Jian Guo Shen Li Feng Dong Chao Yang Xu Wen Jun Chen Shu Duo Xie Xiang Yang Song Ning Dai Xiao Ming Yuan 《Journal of gastrointestinal surgery》2008,12(8):1359-1363
We previously reported that lymphatic mapping using isosulfan blue can be used to identify sentinel nodes (SNs). This study
was undertaken to evaluate the feasibility of using the SN technique in treating early gastric cancer and to explore its usefulness
for minimal invasive surgery. Twenty-three patients with early gastric cancer who underwent SN biopsy were retrospectively
evaluated. Based on SN evaluation, individualized surgery was performed in five patients with T1N0M0 gastric cancer. When
pathological examination of frozen sections revealed metastasis in SNs, we performed a standard D2 gastrectomy. Laparoscopic
local resection was applied when the SN biopsy was negative. Our results showed that the success rate with SN biopsy in early
gastric cancer was 100%, as were the accuracy, sensitivity, and specificity. All five patients with early gastric cancer had
SNs negative for metastases both by frozen section and by postoperative pathology. Thus, all these patients underwent laparoscopic
local resection without extended lymphadenectomy. We conclude that SN biopsy is a useful tool to individualize the operative
procedure, and laparoscopic local resection can be safely performed using SN guidance in selected patients with early gastric
cancer. 相似文献
57.
青蒿琥酯皮肤擦剂在小鼠和兔体内的药代动力学研究 总被引:1,自引:0,他引:1
将青蒿琥酯溶于苯二甲酸二甲酯,加适量氨酮制成皮肤擦剂。给兔脱毛后,皮肤涂抹此擦剂25mg/kg后,血药浓度达峰时间平均为2 h,峰浓度平均为1.80μg/ml。药物在兔体内平均驻留时间为3.54 h,清除半衰期约为2.46 h。给小鼠脱毛皮肤涂抹擦剂6.7,31.3和71.4 mg/kg,血药浓度在给药后0.5~4 h达高峰,峰浓度分别为0.82,2.05和7.11μg/ml,体内药物平均驻留时间为3.39,2.79及3.54 h,清除半衰期为2.35,1.93及2.45 h。可见,给兔及小鼠皮肤擦剂后,青蒿琥酯吸收良好,血药浓度维持时间较长。 相似文献
58.
X Dong M He X Song B Lu Y Yang S Zhang N Zhao L Zhou Y Li X Zhu R Hu 《Diabetic medicine》2007,24(12):1482-1486
AIMS: Our aim was to assess performances of the Cockcroft-Gault and simplified Modification of Diet in Renal Disease (MDRD) formulae in estimating glomerular filtration rate (GFR) in Chinese diabetic populations and their association with vascular risks. METHODS: A total of 1009 patients with Type 2 diabetes were categorized into low estimated GFR groups (GFR < 60 ml/min/1.73 m(2)) and control groups by the two equations. The performances of these formulae were assessed at different stages of kidney function. Carotid artery intima-media thickness (IMT) and the prevalence of diabetic retinopathy or albuminuria were compared among the groups. The ability of these formulae to identify established vascular risk markers using sensitivity, specificity, positive and negative predictive values were also compared. RESULTS: The prevalence of low estimated GFR was 32.7% with the Cockcroft-Gault formula and 5.2% with the MDRD formula, respectively. In low estimated GFR subjects by the MDRD formula, IMT was significantly thicker than those by the Cockcroft-Gault formula (1.2 mm vs. 1.0 mm; P < 0.05), with a higher prevalence of albuminuria (78.4 vs. 52.8%, P < 0.05) and diabetic retinopathy (46.5 vs. 30.5%; P < 0.05). The Cockcroft-Gault formula gave a specificity of 71.7% and a sensitivity of 37.0%, and the MDRD formula gave a specificity of 96.6% and a sensitivity of 7.9% in estimating low GFR relevant for established vascular risks. CONCLUSIONS: These formulae performed differently in Chinese diabetic populations. The simplified MDRD formula is minimally superior to the Cockcroft-Gault formula for its high specificity and positive predictive values in estimating low GFR relevant for vascular risks. 相似文献
59.
目的应用显微手术夹闭、血管内栓塞和栓塞后手术夹闭3种治疗方法,探讨治疗颅内破裂动脉瘤的安全有效方案。方法显微手术瘤颈夹闭30个动脉瘤,栓塞34个动脉瘤,栓塞后夹闭15个动脉瘤。结果夹闭组30个完全夹闭,无复发,死亡率6%(2/30)。栓塞组完全闭塞率70.6%(24/34),复发率17.6%(6/34),死亡率11.8%(4/34)。栓塞后手术组15个完全夹闭,无复发,死亡率6.7%(1/15)。治疗结束用GOS评价,1个月后3组良好率分别为80.0%、79.4%和80.0%;半年后良好率分别为90.0%、88.2%和86.7%。结论显微手术瘤颈夹闭术仍然是治疗破裂动脉瘤的有效方法,具有1次治疗彻底和复发率低的优势,并可作为栓塞失败的补救手段。 相似文献
60.
目的:建立乳腺非典型增生病动物模型,探讨非典型增生与血管生成的关系。方法:采用灌服二甲基苯蒽+颈部枷具方法复制大鼠肝郁血瘀型乳腺非典型增生动物模型,并给予中药乳复汤治疗。常规染色观察大鼠乳腺组织病理组织形态.免疫组化方法检测MVD、VEGF和bFGF的表达。结果:病证模型组乳腺非典型增生率90%.较单纯造模组高.P=0.0415;中药乳复汤治疗组非典型增生率较病证模型组低.P=0.0459;随着一般增生到非典型增生程度加重,MVD计数增多,VEGF、bFGF的表达升高,P〈0.05。结论:病证结合造模更适合中医动物实验要求,中药乳复汤具有抑制血管生成作用。 相似文献