注射用米铂制剂配方与冻干工艺研究

目的 研究注射用米铂的配方及冻干生产工艺。方法 通过冻干溶剂的选择、原料溶解度试验、处方筛选、预冻工艺研究等确定注射用米铂配方和冻干工艺参数的控制范围。结果 确定冻干溶剂采用叔丁醇和环己烷的混合溶剂,环己烷最佳比例范围为10%~30%,药物浓度最佳范围为5~25 mg·mL^-1,确定冻干工艺采用阶段性预冻方式。结论 选定的配方和工艺可行,自研制剂与参比制剂质量等同,节约了工艺生产成本。     

脐贴联合隔盐灸预防非霍奇金淋巴瘤化疗消化道不良反应效果观察

摘 要 目的：观察生大黄粉贴敷神阙穴联合隔盐灸热敷脐部预防非霍奇金淋巴瘤化疗后消化道不良反应的效果观察。方法: 60例非霍奇金淋巴瘤化疗患者随机分为两组。对照组采用常规护理,观察组在常规护理基础上采用生大黄粉贴敷神阙穴联合隔盐灸热敷脐部。比较两组预防便秘、恶心呕吐、食欲不振的效果。结果:观察组化疗后第3天、第5天便秘、恶心呕吐、食欲不振发生率均明显低于对照组（P<0.05）。结论:生大黄粉贴敷神阙穴联合隔盐灸热敷脐部预防非霍奇金淋巴瘤化疗后消化道不良反应的效果明显优于常规护理,且方法简易,便于实施和推广。     

New secoiridoids from the fruits of Ligustrum lucidum

Three new secoiridoids, nuezhenelenoliciside (1), isojaslanceoside B (2), 6′-O-trans-cinnamoyl-secologanoside (3), were isolated from the dried fruits of Ligustrum lucidum. Their structures were elucidated by comprehensive spectroscopic analysis. Among them, 1 featured a rare rearrangement product of secoiridoid, which underwent the cleavage of chemical bond between C-1 and O-2, and the reformation of a new iridoid ring between C-8 and O-2. In addition, all compounds were tested for their osteogenic activity on pre-osteoblastic MC3T3-E1 cells. As a result, 1 and 3 exhibited potent effects on promoting cell proliferation of pre-osteoblast cells.     

Glioma targeting peptide modified apoferritin nanocage

Therapeutic outcome for the treatment of glioma was often limited due to the non-targeted nature of drugs and the physiological barriers, including the blood-brain barrier (BBB) and the blood-brain tumor barrier (BBTB). An ideal glioma-targeted delivery system must be sufficiently potent to cross the BBB and BBTB and then target glioma cells with adequate optimized physiochemical properties and biocompatibility. However, it is an enormous challenge to the researchers to engineer the above-mentioned features into a single nanocarrier particle. New frontiers in nanomedicine are advancing the research of new biomaterials. In this study, we demonstrate a strategy for glioma targeting by encapsulating vincristine sulfate (VCR) into a naturally available apoferritin nanocage-based drug delivery system with the modification of GKRK peptide ligand (GKRK-APO). Apoferritin (APO), an endogenous nanosize spherical protein, can specifically bind to brain endothelial cells and glioma cells via interacting with the transferrin receptor 1 (TfR1). GKRK is a peptide ligand of heparan sulfate proteoglycan (HSPG) over-expressed on angiogenesis and glioma, presenting excellent glioma-homing property. By combining the dual-targeting delivery effect of GKRK peptide and parent APO, GKRK-APO displayed higher glioma localization than that of parent APO. After loading with VCR, GKRK-APO showed the most favorable antiglioma effect in vitro and in vivo. These results demonstrated that GKRK-APO is an important potential drug delivery system for glioma-targeted therapy.     

Peripheral blood leukocyte telomere length is associated with age but not renal function: A cross-sectional follow-up study

Objectives

We aimed to evaluate the relationship between baseline renal function and changes in telomere length in Han Chinese.

Methods

The telomere restriction fragment (TRF) length of leukocytes in the peripheral blood was measured in healthy volunteers recruited in 2014. The estimated glomerular filtration rate (eGFR) was calculated based on serum creatinine (Scr) and serum cystatin C (CysC)-eGFRcys and eGFRScr-cys through the Cockcroft-Gault formula (eGFRC-G) or the Chronic Kidney Disease Epidemiology Collaboration (CKD-EPI / eGFRCKD-EPI) equation. The correlation between telomere length changes over time and renal function was analyzed.

Results

Leukocyte TRF lengths were negatively correlated to age (r = -0.393, p < 0.001) and serum CysC (r = -0.180, p < 0.01), while positively associated with eGFRCKD-EPI, eGFRC-G, eGFRcys, and eGFRScr-cys (r = 0.182, 0.122, 0.290, and 0.254 respectively, p < 0.01). The 3-year change of telomere length was 46 bp/years. When adjusted for age, the associations between telomere length changes and baseline, subsequent TRF lengths, and serum CysC were no longer present. No association was observed between TRF length changes and renal function.

Conclusion

The rate of telomere length changes was affected by age and baseline telomere length. The telomere length changes might be important markers for aging.

     

Occlusion and periodontal disease--where is the link?

The effect of occlusion on the periodontium has been the subject of much debate. Interest on this subject has decreased over the years but has been renewed with the popularity of implant dentistry. This paper reviews the literature and explores the relationship between trauma from occlusion with periodontal disease and peri-implant bone loss. With regards to periodontal disease, there are two schools of thought on the effect that trauma from occlusion has on the periodontium. One believes that trauma from occlusion is a co-destructive factor in the initiation and progression of periodontal disease. The other believes that it is not. Up till now, there are no conclusive explanations on the association between trauma from occlusion and periodontal disease. For dental implants, current literature suggests that there is an association between occlusal overloading and peri-implant bone loss even in the absence of inflammation. However, there is a need for more randomized clinical trials to validate this relationship.     

低分子肝素钠联合小剂量阿司匹林治疗胎儿生长受限疗效分析

目的:探讨低分子肝素钠联合小剂量阿司匹林治疗胎儿生长受限的临床疗效及安全性。 方法:选择 2015 年 10 月至2017 年 10 月胎儿生长受限(FGR)患者 110 例,孕周 28 ~ 30 周,随机分为对照组和试验组各 55 例,对照组每天给予复方氨基酸,5% GNS 500 mL+维生素 C 2.0 g,5% GS 500 mL+脂溶性维生素Ⅱ 1 支;试验组在对照组基础上加用低分子肝素钠 0.4 mL,qd,皮下注射,口服阿司匹林50 mg/d,均治疗4周。 结果:试验组孕妇平均每周宫高及胎儿双顶径、头围、腹围、股骨径生长情况明显优于对照组(P<0.05)。 治疗后,试验组孕妇脐动脉血流指数降低,羊水指数增加,与对照组比较差异有统计学意义(P<0.05)。 治疗期间,试验组孕妇血小板、凝血功能均正常。 结论:低分子肝素钠联合小剂量阿司匹林治疗胎儿生长受限疗效显著,是一种安全有效的治疗方案,能提高围产儿质量,值得临床推广。     

Expansion of the mutation and phenotypic spectrum of hereditary spastic paraplegia

Neurological Sciences - Hereditary spastic paraplegias (HSPs) are a heterogeneous group of rare neurodegenerative disorders affecting the corticospinal tracts, and more than 80 HSP loci have been...