拔罐加TDP治疗慢性咳嗽31例

慢性咳嗽是指患者连续咳嗽3周以上，临床上使用过抗生素及止咳祛痰药疗效不显著者。近几年来笔者采用拔罐加TDP治疗慢性咳嗽，疗效较为满意，现报道如下。     

电致孔对睾酮透皮转运的影响

研究了电致孔技术对睾酮透皮转运的影响,对电压、脉冲持续时间和电极的影响进行了初步探讨.结果表明,电致孔可增大药物的透皮转运速率及其累积透过量,且电力学参数与透皮吸收增量呈正相关,电极也明显影响电致孔透皮速率.     

β1肾上腺素能受体反义寡核苷酸对肾性高血压大鼠血流动力学及心肌肥厚的影响

目的 :观察阳离子脂质体 (DOTAP DOPE)介导的 β1肾上腺素能受体mRNA反义寡核苷酸 (β1 AS ODN)对肾性高血压大鼠血流动力学及心肌肥厚的影响。方法 :建立二肾一夹 (2K1C)肾性高血压大鼠模型 ,随机分为假手术组、模型组、反向寡核苷酸组、反义寡核苷酸组和卡维地洛 (carvedilol)组。ODN与DOTAP DOPE以 1 2摩尔比混合 ,4周末尾静脉注射 0 .5mg·kg-1,卡维地洛 10mg·kg-1·d-1灌胃 4周。定期测血压 ,8周末测血流动力学参数 ,左室重量指数 (LVWI)及血浆内皮素 1(ET 1)浓度 ,并对LVWI与ET 1进行线性相关分析。结果 :与反向寡核苷酸组比 ,β1 AS ODN能降低血压最高达39mmHg并持续 2 7d(30 .4 4± 6 .5 0 ,P <0 .0 1) ,降低左室收缩压 (LVSP) (P <0 .0 5 )、左室舒张末压 (LV EDP) (P <0 .0 1) ,升高左室最大收缩和舒张速率 (±dp dtmax) (P <0 .0 1) ,降低LVWI(P <0 .0 5 )及血浆ET 1(P <0 .0 1) ;与卡维地洛组比 ,各指标均无显著性差异。LVWI与ET 1显著正相关 (r =0 .74 9,P <0 .0 1)。结论 :DOTAP DOPE介导的 β1 AS ODN单剂量静脉注射能持续降压 ,改善血流动力学 ,预防心肌肥厚 ,可能与其降低血浆ET 1有关。     

Clinical Outcomes of Revision Total Knee Arthroplasty after High Tibial Osteotomy and Unicompartmental Knee Arthroplasty: A Systematic Review and Meta‐Analysis

As more high tibial osteotomy (HTO) and unicompartmental knee arthroplasty (UKA) are performed, orthopaedic surgeons realize that more HTO and UKA failures will require revision to total knee arthroplasty (TKA) in the future. To systematically evaluate the clinical outcomes of TKA after HTO and TKA after UKA, the Embase, PubMed, Ovid, Web of Science, and Cochrane Library databases were searched for studies investigating revision TKA after HTO and UKA published up to June 2021. RevMan version 5.3 was used to perform the meta‐analysis. The revision TKA after HTO and revision TKA after UKA groups were compared in terms of operative time, range of motion (ROM), knee score, postoperative complications, postoperative infection, revision, and revision implants used. Nine studies were ultimately included in the meta‐analysis. Results revealed that the knee score for the revision TKA after HTO group was better than that of the revision TKA after UKA group (MD 4.50 [95% CI 0.80–8.20]; p = 0.02). The revision TKA after HTO group had a lower revision rate (OR 0.65 [95% CI 0.55–0.78]; p < 0.00001) and fewer revision implants used (OR 0.11 [95% CI 0.05–0.23]; p < 0.00001). There were no statistical differences in operation time (MD ‐2.00 [95% CI −11.22 to 7.21]; p = 0.67), ROM (MD ‐0.04 [95% CI ‐3.69–3.61]; p = 0.98), postoperative complications (OR 1.41 [95% CI 0.77–2.60]; p = 0.27), or postoperative infections (OR 0.89 [95% CI 0.61–1.29]; p = 0.53). To conclude, the revision rate of revision TKA after UKA was greater, and more revision implants were required. It is important for orthopaedic surgeons to preserve bone during primary UKA.     

增殖细胞核抗原突变体的稳定高表达对HeLa细胞顺铂敏感性的影响

目的 建立稳定高表达增殖细胞核抗原(proliferating cell nuclear antigen,PCNA)或突变体PC-NA(mutant PCNA,mPCNA)目的蛋白的宫颈癌细胞系HeLa细胞,观察PCNA在顺铂诱导的DNA损伤修复中的作用.方法 采用显性负突变策略,通过构建重组人PCNA或mPCNA的真核表达质粒pCDNA3.1/V5-His A-PCNA(His-PCNA)和pCDNA31/V5-His A-mPCNA(His-mPCNA),稳定转染到HeLa细胞中,G418筛选建立稳定高表达目的蛋白的HeLa细胞系;Western印迹法检测蛋白的表达情况;MTT法测定顺铂损伤后不同细胞系的细胞存活率.结果 真核表达质粒经酶切、测序分析与实验设计完全一致;稳定建系后,Western印迹结果显示在相应位置可见清楚的目的条带;MTT结果显示稳定高表达突变体PCNA的细胞系与对照组相比,其细胞存活率呈明显下降趋势.结论 成功构建了真核表达质粒His-PCNA和His-mPC-NA;建立了稳定高表达该质粒的HeLa细胞系;稳定高表达突变体PCNA的细胞系对顺铂损伤更敏感.     

Comparing the efficacy of different intra-articular injections for knee osteoarthritis: A network analysis

Background:The findings on the effectiveness of platelet-rich plasma, ozone, and hyaluronic acid in the treatment of osteoarthritis of the knee are controversial, and the existing original studies and meta-analyses are mostly comparisons of a single joint cavity injection method, lacking direct and indirect comparisons of different drugs in the joint cavity. The lack of direct and indirect comparisons of different drugs in the joint cavity makes it difficult to have a clearer and more comprehensive understanding of joint cavity injection methods. In this study, the efficacy of platelet-rich, ozone, sodium hyaluronate, and combined knee cavity injections were compared directly or indirectly using a reticulated meta-analysis in this field, and the efficacy of treatment measures was ranked to provide more comprehensive and reliable evidence-based clinical evidence for the selection of knee cavity injections in osteoarthritis of the knee.Objective:To compare the effects of platelet-rich plasma, ozone, and sodium glassate injection interventions on the efficacy of osteoarthritis of the knee through reticulated Meta-analysis, and to comprehensively compare the clinical effectiveness of platelet-rich plasma, ozone, and sodium glassate injection joint cavity injection for the treatment of osteoarthritis of the knee.Methods:The PubMed, CBM, CNKI, VIP, and Wan-Fang databases were searched for information on the effectiveness of platelet-rich plasma, ozone, and sodium vitrate injection for the comparative treatment of osteoarthritis of the knee, with a search time frame of each database from the date of creation to July 20, 2021. Two investigators independently screened the literature, extracted data according to inclusion and exclusion criteria, and evaluated the quality of the literature in parallel. Statistical analysis was performed using Stata 16.0 software to compare the differences in the efficacy of each treatment measure using the ratio and 95% confidence interval as effect indicators and to rank the efficacy.Results:Thirty-three RCTs with 7003 patients with osteoarthritis of the knee were included, involving 5 therapeutic measures. Meta-analysis showed that the efficacy of platelet-rich plasma injection was superior to both ozone and hyaluronic acid therapies. Hyaluronic acid+ozone and platelet-rich plasma+hyaluronic acid were both superior to ozone and hyaluronic acid monotherapy. The differences in efficacy between hyaluronic acid and ozone compared with platelet-rich plasma were statistically significant, and the differences in efficacy between the 2 combination therapies (platelet-rich plasma+hyaluronic acid, hyaluronic acid+ozone) and the 3 monotherapies (platelet-rich plasma, ozone, hyaluronic acid) were statistically significant. Platelet-rich plasma+hyaluronic acid, hyaluronic acid+ozone compared with 3 monotherapies (platelet-rich plasma, ozone, hyaluronic acid) were statistically significant, except for the difference in efficacy with platelet-rich plasma, which was not statistically significant, indicating that this platelet-rich plasma+hyaluronic acid and Hyaluronic acid+ozone combination therapy was superior to monotherapy. Also, the efficacy of platelet-rich plasma was better than hyaluronic acid and ozone and the difference was statistically significant, indicating that platelet-rich plasma was more effective than ozone and sodium glass in the treatment of osteoarthritis of the knee in monotherapy.Conclusion:It is believed that in the course of clinical practice, hyaluronic acid+ozone or platelet-rich plasma+hyaluronic acid combination therapy or platelet-rich plasma therapy can be preferred for patients with osteoarthritis of the knee.     

继续教育对基层医务人员有关慢性阻塞性肺疾病相关认知的影响研究

目的了解基层医务人员对慢性阻塞性肺疾病的认知、过去一年继续教育情况及继续教育对慢性阻塞性肺疾病相关认知的影响。方法选取2019年10月1—31日2372名来自社区卫生服务中心(站)、乡镇卫生院和村卫生室的医务人员自愿在线填写了调查问卷,内容包括个人基本特征,对慢性阻塞性肺疾病危险因素和诊断的认知及继续教育情况。结果基层医务人员熟知吸烟、二手烟、长期呼吸道疾病史、室外空气污染和职业性粉尘等危险因素,但是对室内空气污染和遗传因素认知不足,并且仍有12.1%的基层医务人员知晓吸烟是危险因素,但正在吸烟或戒烟6个月以内。80%的调查对象知道肺功能是诊断慢性阻塞性肺疾病的金标准,但仅60.7%的调查对象能正确判读肺功能结果。过去一年中仅44.3%的基层医务人员接受了相关继续教育。继续教育对提升基层医务人员慢性阻塞性肺疾病危险因素和诊断相关认知的影响差异有显著性(OR=1.524,95%CI 1.289～1.802;OR=1.528,95%CI 1.289～1.812)。结论加大继续教育的惠及范围,有针对性地加强基层医务人员对室内空气污染和遗传因素的认知,同时在基层配备肺功能仪的前提下,开展以实操...     

四氢生物蝶呤反应性苯丙氨酸羟化酶缺乏症的临床与基因研究

目的 探讨四氢生物蝶呤（tetrahydrobiopterin,BH4）反应性苯丙氨酸羟化酶（phenylalanine hydroxylase,PAH）缺乏症临床表型和基因型的关系。方法 38例高苯丙氨酸血症（hyperphenylalaninemia,HPA）患儿均进行口服BH。负荷试验（20ms／kg）或Phe-BH。联合负荷试验,同时进行尿蝶呤谱分析、红细胞二氢蝶啶还原酶（dihyaropteridine reductase,DHPR）测定。对7例BH4反应性PAH缺乏症患儿采用聚合酶链反应（PCR）和单链构象多态性（single strand conformation polymorphism,SSCP）分析对PAH外显子进行突变筛检,并结合DNA直接测序方法进行突变分析。结果 确诊10例BH4反应性PAH缺乏症患儿,男6例,女4例;平均年龄7．8个月;生化代谢表型均为轻度或中度HPA。7例BH4反应性PAH缺乏症患儿PAH基因型分别为S70del／-、R241C／R243Q、S70del／A389G、Y166X／-、R11lX/-、EX6-96A〉G／R241C和IVS4-1G〉A／R241C。A389G是新发现的突变基因型。结论 BH4反应性PAH缺乏症多表现为轻、中度HPA生化代谢表型,R241C是BH4反应性相关突变基因型中较常见的一种类型。推测S70del可能是一种BH4反应性相关突变类型.     

人载脂蛋白A5基因c.553 G＞T多态性与血脂水平的相关性

目的 分析中国江苏地区汉族人群载脂蛋白A5 c．553G〉T基因多态性与血清脂质水平的关系。方法 用聚合酶链反应-限制性片段长度多态性（PCR—RFLP）技术分别检测199例高三酰甘油血症患者和225例健康对照者载脂蛋白A5C．553G〉T多态性基因型,计算等位基因频率;用生物化学方法检测研究对象的血脂水平。结果 高三酰甘油血症组apoA5 c．553位点T等位基因频率显著高于健康对照组（12．56％ vs 4．67％,P〈0．001）,TT突变型纯合子血清三酰甘油水平较TG杂合子及GG野生型纯合子人群显著升高（P〈0．001）,而血清HDL—C水平则呈下降趋势（P=0．011）。结论 载脂蛋白A5 c．553G〉T基因多态性影响血清三酰甘油水平,与高三酰甘油血症存在一定的关联性。     

从澳大利亚职业教育看中国高素质技术人才的培训

近15年来,澳大利亚对职业教育与培训进行了全面的的改革,现已拥有高度竞争力和灵活性的人力资源。这在一定程度上为澳大利亚的持续经济繁荣作出了贡献。改革后,澳大利亚的国民经济增长率在经济合作发展组织中一直名列前茅。中国有关方面的政策制定者和教育工作者,可以借鉴澳大利亚的成功经验和模式,发展和完善职业教育和培训体制,使其更高效、反应更迅速。