武汉市桶装饮用水生产企业洁净灌装间的净化效果

目的了解武汉市桶装饮用水生产企业灌装间空气洁净装置的净化效果。方法于2002年按照GB50073—2001《洁净厂房设计规范》、GB／T16294—1996（（医药工业洁净室（区）悬浮粒子的测试方法》、GB／T16249一1996（医药工业洁净室（区）沉降菌的测试方法》，对32家桶装水生产企业的灌装车间空气洁净度进行检测，依据GB17324—1998（瓶装饮用纯净水卫生标准》、GB8537—1995（（饮用天然矿泉水卫生标准》、CJ94-1999（饮用净水水质标准》进行检测。结果32家企业灌装间尘埃数的合格率为78．1％，细菌总数合格率为81．3％。按洁净度分级结果显示，符合10000级标准的灌装车间为25户，占78．1％；符合1000级的有8户，占25％；而生产线局部符合100级的有2户，占6.3％。灌装间温度、照度、噪声的合格率均为84．4％；风速的合格率最高，为87．5％；相对湿度合格率为46．9％；室内外压差合格率为34．4％，实施卫生规范化管理后，桶装饮用水的微生物指标合格率从2001年的61．1％上升为2002年的84．1％。结论桶装饮用水灌装问采用洁净装置可以提高桶装饮用水的微生物学的卫生质量。     

乌司他丁在烧伤临床应用的评价

乌司他丁(UTI)是由人尿提取精制的一种糖蛋白，新的广谱酶抑制剂，具有抑制多种蛋白酶的活性、稳定细胞膜、溶酶体膜、清除氧自由基、调控失性介质释放、抑制过度失性介质产生等功能。诸如对各类蛋白质、糖和脂类的水解酶、胰蛋白酶及肌酸激酶(CPK)等的活性均有抑制作用。     

宫颈开口监测仪器的研制

介绍一种新研制成功的宫颈开口监测仪器,该仪器是基于单片机系统的、全中文操作界面的、便携式仪器.从工程上解决了对产妇宫颈开口那样一种特殊环境下,特殊生理位置的实时监测问题.     

近距离放射治疗仪和适形调强放疗机的探讨

放疗仪器是利用电离辐射对肿瘤进行治疗的装置;近距离放疗仪器是指将封装好的放射源经人体腔道放在肿瘤体附近或表面,或是将细针管插植于肿瘤体内导入射线源实施照射的放疗技术.通过改变射束剖面强度分布,达到形状适形和剂量适形,叫做调强适形放疗技术.     

2001~2004年合肥市麻疹监测系统数据分析

目的评价合肥市麻疹监测系统数据,为控制和消除麻疹提供依据。方法对2001~2004年合肥市确诊的539例麻疹病例进行流行病学分析,并用ELISA(酶联免疫吸附试验)法检测血清麻疹IgM抗体和风疹IgM抗体。结果2001~2004年平均发病率为3.01/10万,2004年较2001年发病下降了43.6%,发病人群主要为中、小学生,<15岁儿童占总病例数的63.1%。结论应进一步对薄弱地区、薄弱人群进行MV的加强免疫活动,控制麻疹爆发;在有条件的地区对1~14岁儿童开展麻疹-腮腺炎-风疹联合疫苗使用,同时注意<1岁和20岁以上人群发病逐渐增长的趋势。     

SiO2刺激矽肺肺泡巨噬细胞对MMP-9和TIMP-1表达的影响

Objective To investigate the effect of SiO2 on the expression of matrix metalloproteinase-9 (MMP-9)and tissue inhibitor of metalloproteinase-1 (TIMP-1)in human silicofic alveolar macrophages (AM).Methods Human alveolar macrophages were collected from a silicotic patient by bronchoalveolar lavage and exposed to silicon dioxide for 3h,6h,12h,18h,24h and 36h.The expression of the MMP-9 in the AM were detected with zymography and immunological method and the expression of the TIMP-1 in the AM with immunological method.Results The expressions of MMP-9 in the AM increased clearly along with the time,reached peak at 24 h when detected with zymography (average optical density:3.061±0.153 vs 2.851±0.164,P＜0.05);and reached peak at 18h when detected with immunological method (average optical density:0.386±0.037 vs 0.322±0.034,P＜0.05).The expression of the TIMP-1 in the AM did not vary when detected with immunological method (P＞0.05).Conclusion SiO2 may affect the expression of MMP-9 and MMP-9 activity in the cultured AM.     

Tempol reduces reperfusion-induced arrhythmias in anaesthetized rats.

The generation of reactive oxygen species (ROS) contributes to reperfusion-induced arrhythmias. In the present study, the antiarrhythmic effects of tempol and tiron, two membrane-permeable radical scavengers, on reperfusion-induced arrhythmias in rats in vivo were investigated. The anaesthetized rats were subjected to 5 min of left descending coronary artery (LAD) occlusion followed by 30 min of reperfusion. All rats pretreated with saline developed ventricular tachycardia (VT) and ventricular fibrillation (VF) at the onset of reperfusion, and most of the rats died from irreversible VF at the end of reperfusion. However, pretreatment with tempol (30 or 100 mg kg(-1)) 5 min before reperfusion reduced mortality, arrhythmia score and the incidence and duration of VT and VF. In the rats pretreated with high dose of tempol (100 mg kg(-1)), no VF happened and all rats were alive at the end of the experiment. The arrhythmia score was also significantly decreased compared with that of rats pretreated with saline (0.80 +/- 0.4 versus 5.6 +/- 0.4, P < 0.01). Tiron also provided nearly complete protection against reperfusion-induced arrhythmias when given 2 min before reperfusion. On the other hand, intravenous administration of tempol induced decreases in mean arterial pressure (MAP), heart rate (HR) and pressure rate index (PRI), a relative indicator of myocardial oxygen consumption. In order to determine whether the antiarrhythmic effects of tempol were secondary to the reduction of myocardial oxygen consumption, continuous electrical stimulation of the aortic depressor nerve (3 V, 10 ms and 10 Hz) was carried out in a group of rats to induce decreases in MAP, HR and PRI similar to those in the high dose of Tempol group. However, these rats did not show significant changes in the severity of reperfusion-induced arrhythmias. We conclude that both tempol and tiron significantly reduce reperfusion-induced arrhythmias in rats, and this protective action is independent of hemodynamic effects.     

羟基喜树碱腹腔内给药的药代动力学研究

目的:研究羟基喜树碱(HCPT)腹腔内给药的药代动力学特点。方法:比格犬6只,HCPT剂量2 mg.kg^-1,溶于50 mL生理盐水中,先腹腔内注入250 mL生理盐水,随后用恒速泵快速注入HCPT;随后按不同时间点抽取血液和腹腔液,各样本用高效液相色谱分析药物浓度,并用3p87软件包计算药代动力学参数。结果:腹腔液HCPT的AUC与外周静脉血及门静脉血AUC之间的比值分别为45∶1和37∶1,P值均小于0.001;腹腔液HCPT浓度明显高于外周静脉给药组的腹腔液浓度,峰值为60.4倍,AUC为21倍。P值均小于0.001。结论:腹腔内给药其药代动力学具有明显优越性,能维持腹腔液和门静脉血更高更持久的血药浓度,因而有利于化疗药物发挥更大的生物学效应,值得临床应用。     

中西医结合治疗跟骨骨折58例

波及关节面的跟骨骨折,由于关节面不整、跟骨节角减小(严重的为负角)、跟骨桥消失等原因容易引发较多并发症,后遗症严重,致残率较高.笔者从1998年开始通过手术切开复位、克氏针内固定合植骨术,并用自拟骨科外洗方熏洗的方法治疗58例,收到满意疗效,现报告如下.     

补肺益肾法治疗慢性阻塞性肺疾病稳定期26例临床观察--附不干预组25例对照

笔者于2002年10月至2003年7月,采用补肺益肾法治疗慢性阻塞性肺疾病(简称慢阻肺,CORD)稳定期患者26例,与同期自然不干预的25例对照,取效较佳,兹介绍如下.