Similar motion of a hand-held object may trigger nonsimilar grip force adjustments.

The tight coupling between load (L) and grip (G) forces during voluntary manipulation of a hand-held object is well established. The current study is to examine grip-load force coupling when motion of the hand with an object was either self-generated (voluntary) or externally generated. Subjects performed similar cyclic movements of different loads at various frequencies with three types of manipulations: 1) voluntary oscillation, 2) oscillating the right arm via the pulley system by the left leg (self-driven oscillation), and 3) oscillating the arm via the pulley system by another person (other-driven oscillation). During the self-generated movements: 1) the grip forces were larger and 2) grip-load force modulation was more pronounced than in the externally generated movements. The G-L adjustments are not completely determined by the mechanics of object motion; nonmechanical factors related to movement performance, for instance perceptual factors, may affect the G-L coupling.     

红花注射液治疗老年慢性肾功能衰竭32例临床观察

老年人肾功能随着年龄增长有“自然减退”现象，加上既往存在的高血压、糖尿病、慢性肾炎等疾病，更易出现慢性肾功能衰竭（CRF）。目前老年慢性肾衰的治疗目标是延缓肾功能减退的进程，主要的手段有控制血压、低蛋白饮食、纠正贫血、增加肠道排毒等。笔者采用中医活血化瘀的方法，通过静脉滴注红花注射液改善肾脏的供血，增加肾小球的滤过率，临床取得一定效果，现报道如下，供同道参考。[第一段]     

慢性肾功能不全患者血管活性物质测定在血液净化中的临床研究

目的 评价血管紧张素Ⅱ、氨甲酰血红蛋白、醛固酮及甲状旁腺激素等在血液净化充分性中的意义。方法 120例慢性肾功能衰竭患者，按采用不同的透析膜分为3组：即聚砜膜、醋酸膜、铜仿膜。用放射免疫法测定其血管紧张素Ⅱ（AngⅡ）及醛固酮（ALD）浓度，化学发光法测甲状旁腺激素（PTH）。采用不同的血流量200ml／min及250ml／min比较。结果 对体内中、小分子物质清除率，聚砜膜〉醋酸膜〉铜仿膜。结论 高血流量、高通透性人工合成聚砜膜，对治疗慢性肾功能衰竭，提高肾功能不全患者的身心健康及生活质量、延长患者生命有很重要的临床意义。     

狂犬疫苗免疫后早期血清学抗体结果分析

目的观察接种狂犬病疫苗人群不同时期抗体产生情况，探讨最佳检测时间。方法用ELISA法检测人用狂犬病纯化疫苗接种者血清狂犬病毒抗体。结果对完成全程免疫后第7d、第14d和第30d的血清进行检测，第7d和第14d检出的抗体阳性率无显著性差异。结论现行国产狂犬疫苗的保护性不断提高，早期检测抗体对及时发现免疫失败者、降低发病率有着重要的意义。     

Augmentation of intrarenal angiotensin II levels in uninephrectomized aldosterone/salt-treated hypertensive rats; renoprotective effects of an ultrahigh dose of olmesartan.

Recent studies have suggested that aldosterone plays a role in the pathogenesis of renal injury. In this study, we investigated whether local angiotensin II (Ang II) activity contributes to the progression of renal injury in aldosterone/salt-induced hypertensive rats. Uninephrectomized rats were treated with 1% NaCl in a drinking solution and one of the following combinations for 6 weeks: vehicle (2% ethanol, s.c.; n=9), aldosterone (0.75 mug/h, s.c.; n=8), aldosterone+Ang II type 1 receptor blocker olmesartan (10 mg/kg/day, p.o.; n=8), or aldosterone+olmesartan (100 mg/kg/day, p.o.; n=9). Aldosterone/salt-treated hypertensive rats exhibited severe proteinuria and renal injury characterized by glomerular sclerosis and tubulointerstitial fibrosis. Aldosterone/salt-induced renal injury was associated with augmented expression of angiotensin converting enzyme and Ang II levels in the renal cortex and medullary tissues. Renal cortical and medullary mRNA expression of transforming growth factor-beta (TGF-beta) and connective tissue growth factor (CTGF) as well as the collagen contents were increased in aldosterone/salt-treated hypertensive rats. Treatment with olmesartan (10 or 100 mg/kg/day) had no effect on blood pressure but attenuated proteinuria in a dose-dependent manner. Olmesartan at 10 mg/kg/day tended to decrease renal cortical and medullary Ang II levels, TGF-beta and CTGF expression, and collagen contents; however, these changes were not significant. On the other hand, an ultrahigh dose of olmesartan (100 mg/kg/day) significantly decreased these values and ameliorated renal injury. These data suggest that augmented local Ang II activity contributes, at least partially, to the progression of aldosterone/salt-dependent renal injury.     

螺旋CT多功能重建在骨关节外伤中的应用

目的 探讨螺旋cT功能重建在骨与关节外伤中的应用，提高重建技术的使用能力和诊断水平。方法 对使用双层螺旋CT，SSD，MPR，MIP等多种方式重建检查的49例复杂的骨与关节外伤病例进行回顾性分析。结果 49例骨关节外伤重建成像，其中，颅底3例，颌面部7例，颈、胸、腰、骶椎共17例，肩胛骨3例，髋关节8例，膝关节11例。SSD在显示碎骨片明显移位的空间关系方面较MIP，MPR为佳，它可以直观地、立体地、清晰地、多角度显示骨关节损伤，而MIP在显示骨折细节方面较优，尤其在外伤中颅窝观察有关神经孔方面。结论 螺旋CT的SSD，MPR和MIP技术的综合应用，对复杂的骨折、关节损伤的显示效果良好，具有较高的临床应用价值。     

聚苯醚热固性改性及其性能研究

通过溴化聚苯醚和格利雅试剂反应，将不饱和基团烯丙基引入聚苯醚中实现其热固性改性，由^1H-NMR和FTIR进行结构表征。确定了烯丙化聚苯醚的固化工艺，并对其固化产物性能进行测试。结果表明：按合成新工艺制备的热固性聚苯醚，其固化产物具有优异的介电性能(低介电常数、低介电损耗因子)，良好的耐溶剂性能和低吸湿性。     

儿茶酚胺对小鼠皮肤导电性的影响

研究了外源性儿茶酚胺对小鼠皮肤导电性的影响。结果表明,肾上腺素、去甲肾上腺素和异丙肾上腺素均可使皮肤导电性明显增加,而苯肾上腺素则能使皮肤导电性下降。     

Ⅱ型肾病综合征血脂、脂蛋白变化及其相关因素研究

本文观察15例Ⅱ型肾病综合征血脂、脂蛋白,与20例正常人比较。结果病人TC、TG、LDL-C显著增高,HDL_2-C显著降低,同时发现病人RC,TG,LDL-C与血白蛋白呈显著负相关,血脂、脂蛋白与血肌酐呈轻度正相关。提示Ⅱ型肾病综合征存在广泛脂质及脂蛋白异常,是并发心血管疾病及肾脏病恶化的危险因素。