基于肠道菌群和代谢组学研究化滞柔肝颗粒治疗非酒精性脂肪肝的作用机制

目的 探讨化滞柔肝颗粒治疗非酒精性脂肪肝（nonalcoholic fatty liver disease,NAFLD）的作用机制。方法 高脂饮食饲养8周构建大鼠NAFLD模型,化滞柔肝颗粒ig给药4周。半自动生化分析仪测定大鼠血脂相关指标;油红O染色观察肝脏组织病理变化;Illumina Miseq测序平台对V3～V4可变区进行扩增和测序,超高效液相色谱串联质谱（UPLCMS/MS）开展血浆代谢组学研究,并结合Spearman进行肠道菌群与代谢组学之间的关联分析。结果 与模型组相比,化滞柔肝颗粒中、高剂量组可显著降低大鼠体质量（P<0.05、0.01）和血清总胆固醇（totalcholesterol,TC）、三酰甘油（triacylglycerol,TG）水平（P<0.01）,升高高密度脂蛋白（high-density lipoprotein cholesterol,HDL-C）水平（P<0.05、0.01）。此外,化滞柔肝颗粒高剂量组还可显著降低大鼠低密度脂蛋白（low-density lipoprotein cholesterol,LDL-C）水平（P<0...     

卡氏乳香中1个新的降二萜

目的 研究卡氏乳香Boswellia carterii中的化学成分及其抗骨质疏松活性。方法 运用硅胶柱色谱、ODS柱色谱和制备高效液相色谱等方法进行化学成分分离,通过波谱数据及文献对比对其进行结构解析。结果 卡氏乳香的95%乙醇提取物中分离得到11个化合物,分别鉴定为 (1R,2E,8S,9R)-1,9-环氧-8-乙酰氧基-4,5-二氧代降西松烷型-2-烯（1）、rel(1S,3R,7E,11S,12R)-1,12-epoxy-4-methylenecembr-7-ene-3,11-diol（2）、boscartin F（3）、boscartene K（4）、fidmansumbin-13(17)-en-3,16-diene（5）、3α-acetoxyl-7-oxo-tirucalla-8,24-dien-21-oic acid（6）、boscartene N（7）、3β-hydroxy-tirucallic acid（8）、α-boswellic acid（9）、boscarterol O（10）、boscarterol F（11）。结论 化合物1是新化合物,命名为卡氏乳香素,化合物5为首次从乳香中分离得到,化合物2和10首次从该属植物中分离得到。对11个化合物进行抗骨质疏松活性筛选,发现化合物1、3、6和10具有良好的抑制破骨细胞活性。     

Analgesic Effects of Ultrasound‐Guided Iliohypogastric/Ilioinguinal Nerve Block Combined with Lateral Femoral Cutaneous Nerve Block in Total Hip Arthroplasty via Direct Anterior Approach: A Retrospective Cohort Study

ObjectiveThis study aimed to explore the efficacy and safety of the combination of lateral femoral cutaneous nerve blocks (LFCNB) and iliohypogastric/ilioinguinal nerve blocks (IHINB) on postoperative pain and functional outcomes after total hip arthroplasty (THA) via the direct anterior approach (DAA).MethodsIn this retrospective cohort study, patients undergoing THA via the DAA between January 2019 and November 2019 were stratified into two groups based on their date of admission. Sixty‐seven patients received LFCNB and IHINB along with periarticular infiltration analgesia (PIA) (nerve block group), and 75 patients received PIA alone (control group). The outcomes included postoperative morphine consumption, postoperative pain assessed using the visual analogue scale (VAS), the QoR‐15 score, and functional recovery measured as quadriceps strength, time to first straight leg rise, daily ambulation distance, and duration of hospitalization. The Oxford hip score and the UCLA activity level rating were assessed at 1 and 3 months after surgery. In addition, postoperative complications were recorded. Patients were also compared based on the type of incision used during surgery (traditional longitudinal or “bikini” incision).ResultsPatients in the nerve block group showed significantly lower postoperative morphine consumption, lower resting VAS scores within 12 h postoperatively, lower VAS scores during motion within 24 h postoperatively, and better QoR‐15 scores on postoperative day 1. These patients also showed significantly better functional recovery during hospitalization. At 1‐month and 3‐month outpatient follow up, the two groups showed no significant differences in Oxford hip score or UCLA activity level rating. There were no significant differences in the incidence of postoperative complications. Similar results were observed when patients were stratified by type of incision, except that the duration of hospitalization was similar.ConclusionCompared to PIA alone, a combination of LFCNB and IHINB along with PIA can improve early pain relief, reduce morphine consumption, and accelerate functional recovery, without increasing complications after THA via the DAA.     

电离辐射对放射工作者职业健康的影响

目的 分析放射工作者外周血象、淋巴细胞微核及染色体畸变情况,为放射工作者职业防护和健康监测提供依据。方法 对2015年、2017年和2019年连续3次接受健康检查的127名放射工作者进行淋巴细胞微核、染色体及血象分析,将其设为放射组。另外选取133名无射线接触史的医务人员设为对照组;结果 放射组中淋巴细胞微核率和染色体畸变率高于对照组,白细胞和血小板计数低于对照组,均具有统计学意义（P < 0.05）。127名放射工作者外周血白细胞总数随着接触电离辐射时间的增长逐渐降低,染色体畸变率逐渐增加,均具有统计学意义（P < 0.05）。损害工龄大于20年的放射工作者染色体畸变率高于低工龄组,不同损害工龄之间比较无统计学意义（P > 0.05）。核医学与介入治疗工种染色体畸变率高于其他工种,具有统计学意义（P < 0.05）。结论 长时间接触低剂量电离辐射可使放射工作者白细胞总数降低和淋巴细胞染色体畸变率增加,应加强放射工作者防护措施以备降低电离辐射损伤程度,特别要加强核医学和介入治疗放射工作人员的职业防护。     

步枪立姿射击稳定性的力学特征

射击运动技术是衡量运动员水平的关键，它对运动员姿态控制的稳定性有相当高的要求。本文以步枪立姿运动为例，分析其姿态控制的力学特征，运用运动稳定性原理，求得人体上躯干最佳姿态控制角，并论证了人体躯干长度，前臂长度对稳定性的影响。最后将理论结果与对一些国内外著名运动员实测参数比较分析，证明了理论结论与实际基本相符。     

一DXFD52相关人肝细胞cDNA的部分序列分析及其反转录病毒载体的构建

为了寻找和研究新的人类基因ｃＤＮＡ，本实验以Ｔ７ＤＮＡ聚合酶对一ＤＸＦＤ５２相关人肝细胞ｃＤＮＡ（ＤＥ）进行了分段部分测定，并将所测各部分序列分别在ＥＭＢＬ（欧洲分子生物学库）中进行核酸同源性检索，结果在库中没有找到任何具有同源性的人类基因或ＤＮＡ片段。因此，我们初步认为ＤＥ为一新的人类基因ｃＤＮＡ片段。同时为初步探讨ＤＥ的功能，我们还成功地将ＤＥ构建于反转录病毒载体ＰＬＸＳＮ上。     

Human monocyte-derived hemangioma-like endothelial cells: evidence from an in vitro study

BACKGROUNDS: Hemangiomas are highly prevalent in newborns and infants and can lead to severe complications. However, the pathogenesis of hemangiomas is still unknown. This study was designed to examine the potential of human monocytes to differentiate into hemangioma endothelial cells. METHODS: Purified monocytes from adult human peripheral blood were cultured under a conditional culture environment supplemented with basic fibroblast growth factor and vascular endothelial growth factor. Cells cultured for 2 weeks were subjected to histological and immunochemical examinations in order to determine the expression of specific markers for hemangioma endothelial cells. RESULTS: Monocytes cultured for 2 weeks in angiogenic medium expressed human erythrocyte-type glucose transporter protein, FcgammaRII, and several other endothelial markers, all of which are deemed specific markers for hemangioma endothelial cells. However, neither CD133 nor alpha smooth muscle actin was detected in our monocyte culture. CONCLUSION: Our data suggested that monocytes are capable of differentiating into hemangioma endothelial cells under the angiogenic stimulation from microenvironment of proliferative hemangioma.     

中文简化版PAD情绪量表在京大学生中的初步试用

目的：考察中文简化版PAD情绪量表在中国大学生群体中的适用性。方法：选取北京地区1000名大学本科生为被试,采用信度分析、项目分析和验证性因素分析考察量表的内部一致性信度和结构效度。结果：愉悦度、激活度和优势度的内部一致性信度分别为0.85、0.58和0.72;各项目与其所属维度的相关介于0.641-0.872之间（P〈0.01）;三因子模型的验证性因素分析的各项拟合指数为,χ^2/df=50.46,RMSEA=0.079,NNFI=0.90,NFI=0.92,CFI=0.93,GFI=0.95。结论：愉悦度和优势度的内部一致性信度较高,激活度的内部一致性信度较低;量表具有较好的结构效度。     

Autologous peripheral blood stem cell transplantation in the patients with hematologic malignancies and solid tumors

Objective To evaluate the long-term therapeutic effects of autologous peripheral blood st em cell transplantation (auto-PBSCT) on the treatment of hematological and soli d tumors. Methods Fifty-one patients were recruited in this auto-PBSCT study, in which several p otentially important parameters were studied including the optimal time for stem cell co llection, the dose of stem cell reinfusion, the time of hematopoietic reconsti tution, the disease free survival (DFS) and overall survival (OS), complication s related to transplantation, and maintenance chemotherapy after auto-PBSCT. Results After APBSCT, 3-year and 5-year survival rates of NHL were 83.3%; those of AM L were 74.7%; those of MM were 37.9% and 19%; those of ALL were 40% and 0% res pectively. Hematopoietic reconstitution was greatly promoted by granulocyte col ony stimulating factor (G-CSF). The mean time for patients’ neutrophil to reco ver up to &gt;0.5×10(9) /L after APBSCT was 11.14 days in the group of the patien ts receiving G-CSF in contrast to 17.6 days in the group receiving no G-CSF. The most common complications of transplantation were fever, liver dysfunction and hypokalaemia, which were curable. No death was due to transplantation related complications.Conclusion Comparing with conventional chemotherapy, our study suggests that auto-PBSCT i s a very important therapeutic option that can significantly improve the prognos is in the patients with hematological and solid tumors, especially in the patien ts with AML and NHL.     

似昼夜节律与学习效应对脑事件相关电位P300的影响

目的 探讨昼夜节律和学习效应对脑事件相关电位P300成分的影响。方法 8名被试者在非连续的5d的实验中每天在5个时间点（7：00,12：00,16：00,20：00和0：00）重复相同的听觉Oddball模式测试以诱发脑事件相关电位（ERP）。然后测量各次的ERPP300成分,得到其潜伏期及波幅。结果 P300波幅明显高于下午的波辐。重复测量也使P300波幅从第1个实验日的平均13.0uV降至第5个实验日的9.2uV。P300潜伏期随着重复测试的增加出现了习服,它从第2个实验日的平均350.6ms缩短为第5个实验日的平均343.5ms.结论 似昼夜节律和学习效应对脑事件相关电位P300成分的波幅和潜伏期均有影响。