Isolated brachial artery aneurysm: a rare presentation of paediatric Behçet’s disease

Behçet’s disease is a rare disease characterised by recurrent oral ulcers, with systemic manifestations including genital ulcers, ocular disease, skin lesions, gastrointestinal disease, neurologic disease, vascular disease and arthritis. Most clinical manifestations of Behçet’s disease are believed to be due to vasculitis. The heterogeneous clinical spectrum is influenced by sex, ethnicity and country of residence. Vascular manifestation in the form of isolated large brachial artery aneurysm is rare in children. Treatment involves aneurysmorrhaphy to avoid rupture or ischaemic sequelae in addition to lifelong medical management to control vasculitis.     

Accuracy assessment of three‐dimensional surface reconstructions of teeth from Cone Beam Computed Tomography scans

Summary The use of three‐dimensional (3D) models of the dentition obtained from cone beam computed tomography (CBCT) is becoming increasingly more popular in dentistry. A recent trend is to replace the traditional dental casts with digital CBCT models for diagnosis, treatment planning and simulation. The accuracy of these models was previously assessed through comparing linear physical and radiographical measurements. However, this assessment technique is both observer and landmark dependent. The accuracy of 3D CBCT teeth reconstructions is yet to be reliably measured. To assess the accuracy of 3D CBCT reconstructions of the teeth using a semi‐automated and observer‐independent method and to assess the influence of field of view (FoV) selection on reconstruction accuracy. Fully dentate upper and lower dry human jaws, placed in a plastic box and immersed in water, were scanned using CBCT with small, medium and large FoV. The teeth were then scanned separately using MicroCT. Cone beam computed tomography and MicroCT 3D teeth models were compared, and mean surface difference was calculated per tooth for each FoV. Mean and (maximum) differences between MicroCT and CBCT were 120 ± 40 (max. 679) μm, 157 ± 39 (max. 824) μ and 207 ± 80 (max. 862) μm for the small, medium and large FoV, respectively. Cone beam computed tomography models were larger than MicroCT because of larger voxel size. Our results indicate that CBCT may provide accurate 3D reconstructions of the teeth that can be useful for some clinical applications.     

Length polymorphism of heterochromatic segment of the Y chromosome in boys with acute leukemia

The extent of length polymorphisms of the heterochromatic and euchromatic segment of the human Y chromosome were investigated in 15 boys with acute leukemia and were compared with 15 normal controls. A greater value of the Yh/F index in relation to controls was established (P < 0.05). The length of the euchromatic segment was also shorter in the patients than the controls (P < 0.05).     

Effects on Plasma Glucose Concentration of Light-for-date Infants and Infants of Diabetic Mothers of Feeds Supplemented with a Glucose Polymer

ABSTRACT. Serial plasma glucose estimations were performed in 44 light-for-date infants and 17 infants of diabetic mothers fed 2, 3 or 4-hourly with feeds containing 10 % additional carbohydrate in the form of a glucose polymer (Caloreen). In the infants fed 2 and 3-hourly, plasma glucose was higher following the high carbohydrate feeds, particularly immediately before the next feed was due. Given 4-hourly, the high carbohydrate feed had little effect in most light-for-date infants, and in one light-for-date infant and two infants of diabetic mothers the plasma glucose was lower at the end of 4 hours than following normal formula. It is concluded that the addition of glucose polymer to feeds given 2 and 3 hourly has a potentially useful effect in neonates at risk of developing hypoglycaemia, but it cannot be used to increase the feed interval to 4 hours.