强心冲剂对充血性心力哀竭家兔模型心钠素、血管紧张素Ⅱ的影响

目的观察强心冲剂干预后充血性心力衰竭(CHF)家兔模型心钠素(ANP)、血管紧张素Ⅱ(AngⅡ)的变化,探讨强心冲剂对神经内分泌活性的影响.方法将40只家兔随机分为4组,假手术组、模型组、地高辛组、强心冲剂组,每组10只.采用腹主动脉缩窄术建立家兔CHF模型,予强心冲剂和地高辛灌胃,检测并比较ANP、AngⅡ的活性.结果CHF家兔模型ANP、AngⅡ活性显著升高,神经内分泌激素释放失衡,强心冲剂干预后,可以纠正其失衡状态,明显降低ANP、AngⅡ水平.结论强心冲剂能显著纠正神经内分泌激素释放失衡状态,改善神经内分泌激素的激活,可以防止CHF的进一步恶化.     

Analysis of Carbonation Behavior of Cracked Concrete

The crack and carbonation of concrete pose a great challenge to its durability. Therefore, this paper studies the effect of cracks on the carbonation depth of cement paste under different factors. The relationship between carbonation and cracks was determined, and the carbonation mechanism of cement paste with cracks was clarified. The results show that a small water–binder ratio can effectively inhibit the carbonation process. The bidirectional carbonation enlarged the carbonation area around the crack. Within 21 days of the carbonation, the carbonation depth increased with carbonation time, and the Ca(OH)₂ on the surface of the specimen was sufficient, allowing for a convenient chemical reaction with CO₂. The influence of crack width on the carbonation process at the crack was greater than the influence of the crack depth. Carbonation influenced the hydration of cement-based materials, altering the types and quantities of hydration products. In conclusion, accurately predicting the regularity of carbonation in cracked structures is critical for improving the durability of concrete.     

Numerical Simulation and Process Optimization on Hot Twist-Stretch Straightening of Ti-6Al-4V Alloy Profile

Ti-6Al-4V profiles prepared by hot extrusion are usually accompanied by bending and twisting. The hot twist-stretch straightening is an effective strategy such that the bending deflection and twisting angle can be simultaneously decreased by a single straightening process. In addition, utilizing stress relaxation effect, the residual stress and springback can be greatly reduced by holding the straightening temperature and strain constant for a period after twist-stretch straightening. In this study, the hot deformation behaviors of the Ti-6Al-4V profile were revealed by experiments. The tensile model was obtained by uniaxial tensile tests within ranges of temperatures (500–700 °C) and strain rates (5 × 10⁻⁵–1 × 10⁻³ s⁻¹). The creep constitutive model was acquired with stress relaxation experiments in ranges of temperatures (500–700 °C) and pre-strain of 1.5%. Then, the coupled thermo-mechanical model of hot twist-stretch straightening was established. Based on orthogonal experiment strategy, the effects of straightening temperature, stretch strain, and holding time on the bending deflection and torsion angle of profile were investigated systematically and the process was optimized. The straightening accuracy is significantly affected by straightening temperature and holding time. By using optimized process parameters in practical straightening experiments, the deflection/length and angle/length after straightening does not exceed 2‰ and 2.5‰°/mm, respectively, which is basically consistent with the numerical simulation result.     

A Novel Preparation of Special-Shaped Phosphors-in-Glass by Gel Casting with Isobam for High-Power WLEDs Lighting

Phosphors-in-glass (PiGs) regarded as a promising phosphor-converter for white light emitting diodes (WLEDs) is being researched widely. However, there are few reports on the effect of changing the shape of PiGs on the color rendering index (CRI) and heat dissipation of WLEDs. In this paper, gel casting with Isobam was first attempted in preparing special-shaped PiGs successfully. It exhibited that 76 wt.% was the optimum solid content based on the rheological properties of slurry and the shrinkage of green bodies. The sintering rate should be kept at a low speed and glass transition temperature (Tg) of glass powders must be higher than sublimation temperatures (Ts) of APS and Isobam. The CRI of PiGs was increased by about 27% after changing the shape of PiGs from cylinder to dome. Most importantly, operating temperature also reduced effectively the increase of the surface area of PiGs. Therefore, changing the shape of PiGs by gel casting with Isobam is a creative way for high-power WLEDs lighting.     

Microstructure and Friction Properties of CoCrFeMnNiTix High-Entropy Alloy Coating by Laser Cladding

To enhance the friction and wear properties of 40Cr steel’s surface, CoCrFeMnNi high-entropy alloy (HEA) coatings with various Ti contents were prepared using laser cladding. X-ray diffraction (XRD), scanning electron microscopy (SEM), and energy dispersive spectroscopy (EDS) were used to characterize the phase composition, microstructure, and chemical composition of the samples. The findings demonstrated that the CoCrFeMnNiTi_x HEA coatings formed a single FCC phase. Fe₂Ti, Ni₃Ti, and Co₂Ti intermetallic compounds were discovered in the coatings when the molar ratio of Ti content was greater than 0.5. The EDS findings indicated that Cr and Co/Ni/Ti were primarily enriched in the dendrite and interdendrite, respectively. Ti addition can effectively enhance the coating’s mechanical properties. The hardness test findings showed that when the molar ratio of Ti was 0.75, the coating’s microhardness was 511 HV0.5, which was 1.9 times the hardness of the 40Cr (256 HV0.5) substrate and 1.46 times the hardness of the CrCrFeMnNi HEA coating (348 HV0.5). The friction and wear findings demonstrated that the addition of Ti can substantially reduce the coating’s friction coefficient and wear rate. The coating’s wear resistance was the best when the molar ratio of Ti was 0.75, the friction coefficient was 0.296, and the wear amount was 0.001 g. SEM and 3D morphology test results demonstrated that the coating’s wear mechanism changed from adhesive wear and abrasive wear to fatigue wear and abrasive wear with the increase in Ti content.     

Research on Hyperparameter Optimization of Concrete Slump Prediction Model Based on Response Surface Method

In this paper, eight variables of cement, blast furnace slag, fly ash, water, superplasticizer, coarse aggregate, fine aggregate and flow are used as network input and slump is used as network output to construct a back-propagation (BP) neural network. On this basis, the learning rate, momentum factor, number of hidden nodes and number of iterations are used as hyperparameters to construct 2-layer and 3-layer neural networks respectively. Finally, the response surface method (RSM) is used to optimize the parameters of the network model obtained previously. The results show that the network model with parameters obtained by the response surface method (RSM) has a better coefficient of determination for the test set than the model before optimization, and the optimized model has higher prediction accuracy. At the same time, the model is used to evaluate the influencing factors of each variable on slump. The results show that flow, water, coarse aggregate and fine aggregate are the four main influencing factors, and the maximum influencing factor of flow is 0.875. This also provides a new idea for quickly and effectively adjusting the parameters of the neural network model to improve the prediction accuracy of concrete slump.     

The role of toll-like receptors (TLRs) in pan-cancer

BackgroundToll-like receptors (TLRs) are important components of the innate and adaptive immune systems, and abnormal TLR expression has been linked to a variety of cancers. However, there was a lack of clarity on the association of TLR stimulation with the carcinogenesis of cancer. The study''s goal was to analyse the clinical importance of TLRs expression at the mRNA level in pan-cancer datasets, as well as the link between TLR expression and carcinogenesis, progression, and clinical prognosis.MethodsThe expression profile of TLRs derived from UCSC pan-cancer data was analysed in multiple dimensions, including clinical analysis, immunological subtype analysis, tumour microenvironment (TME) analysis, tumour stem cell correlation analysis, and drug sensitivity analysis. Additionally, we analyse protein-protein interactions, functional enrichment, and chromatin accessibility, as well as TLR expression in single-cell sequencing data.ResultsOur multi-omics analysis results imply that TLRs may operate as a biological marker for carcinogenesis and progression, a potential target for anti-tumour therapy, and a prognostic biomarker, laying the theoretical groundwork for future translational medicine research.ConclusionTLRs are involved in the formation of malignancies and can be explored in further detail as potential prognostic indicators.

Key Messages

• Toll-like receptors (TLRs) are key factors in the process of the innate and adaptive immune response, and their aberrant expression of TLRs have been widely reported in various cancer. However, the association between TLRs stimulation and tumorigenesis of cancer has not been well clarified.
• In this study, in the pan-cancer data, integrated TLR family gene expression analysis, clinical correlation analysis, immune subtype correlation analysis, tumour microenvironment correlation analysis, tumour stem cell correlation analysis, and drug sensitivity correlation analysis were performed.
• TLRs play an important role in the development of tumours and can be studied in depth as potential prognostic markers.

     

胎儿端脑突触素表达和突触发育的研究

为了探讨突触素(SYN)在不同周龄阶段胎儿端脑额叶中的表达与胎儿额叶皮质突触发育的关系,本研究采用免疫组织化学方法观察突触素在不同周龄阶段胎儿额叶的表达水平,利用计算机图像分析技术测量不同周龄阶段胎儿额叶突触素表达的平均光密度;同时取材、常规电镜技术处理、透射电镜观察额叶突触发育的超微结构变化。结果显示:(1)光镜下各组均可见SYN免疫阳性产物主要表达于胎儿的额叶皮层,其表达量随周龄的增加而增强,各组间呈现显著性差异(P<0.05),其中16～24周胎儿额叶的阳性产物位于神经元的胞浆内,呈均匀的浅黄色,神经元突起内未见阳性产物;25～29周额叶的阳性产物呈黄色,在胞浆和突起内均可见,但阳性产物的量却下降;而30～39周额叶的SYN阳性产物呈棕黄色的点状或颗粒状,主要位于神经元的突起内,神经元胞浆内未见阳性产物,阳性产物的量显著增加;(2)透射电镜下19～36周胎儿大脑额叶均可见到突触样结构,随着周龄的增加,突触的数量逐渐增多,结构逐渐清晰和完整。上述结果提示SYN的表达可以反映胎儿神经系统发育的程度,SYN的表达与突触的发育是一致的;SYN在胎儿大脑额叶的表达部位经历由神经元胞浆内表达为主到神经元终末表达为主的这一过程,可能是由于SYN先是在神经元胞浆内合成,再随着神经元的发育而逐步转移到神经元突起的末梢部位。     

PdPbAg alloy NPs immobilized on reduced graphene oxide/In2O3 composites as highly active electrocatalysts for direct ethylene glycol fuel cells

rGO-modified indium oxide (In₂O₃) anchored PdPbAg nanoalloy composites (PdPbAg@rGO/In₂O₃) were prepared by a facile hydrothermal, annealing and reduction method. Electrochemical tests showed that the as-prepared trimetallic catalyst exhibited excellent electrocatalytic activity and high resistance to CO poisoning compared with commercial Pd/C, mono-Pd and different bimetallic catalysts. Specifically, PdPbAg@rGO/In₂O₃ has the highest forward peak current density of 213.89 mA cm⁻², which is 7.89 times that of Pd/C (27.07 mA cm⁻²). After 3600 s chronoamperometry (CA) test, the retained current density of PdPbAg@rGO/In₂O₃ reaches 78.15% of the initial value. Its excellent electrocatalytic oxidation performance is attributed to the support with large specific surface area and the strong synergistic effect of PdPbAg nanoalloys, which provide a large number of interfaces and achievable reactive sites. In addition, the introduction of rGO into the In₂O₃ matrix contributes to its excellent electron transfer and large specific surface area, which is beneficial to improving the catalytic ability of the catalyst. The study of this novel composite material provides a conceptual and applicable route for the development of advanced high electrochemical performance Pd-based electrocatalysts for direct ethylene glycol fuel cells.

rGO-modified indium oxide (In₂O₃) anchored PdPbAg nanoalloy composites (PdPbAg@rGO/In₂O₃) were prepared by a facile hydrothermal, annealing and reduction method.