姬松茸多糖与OVA共同免疫改善E.G7-OVA荷瘤小鼠免疫功能的研究

目的通过小鼠体内免疫的方法,观察姬松茸多糖与模型肿瘤抗原卵清白蛋白(OVA)共同免疫对E.G7-OVA荷瘤小鼠免疫功能的影响。方法姬松茸多糖(高、中、低剂量)与OVA共同免疫E.G7-OVA荷瘤小鼠,观察其对EG7荷瘤小鼠脾指数、胸腺指数以及小鼠外周血中T淋巴细胞亚群CD4+和CD8+比例的影响。结果姬松茸多糖(高、中剂量)与OVA共同免疫组小鼠的脾指数、胸腺指数明显大于单独使用OVA组,外周血中CD4+/CD8+T细胞比值也有明显升高。结论姬松茸多糖能够辅助OVA改善EG7-OVA荷瘤小鼠的免疫功能状态,姬松茸多糖可能作为免疫佐剂用于肿瘤的预防与治疗。     

老瓜头的止咳、祛痰及平喘作用

老瓜头水提取物和醇提取物对浓氨水诱发的小鼠咳嗽均有明显抑制作用,可增加呼吸道分泌功能,有显著祛痰作用,对乙酰胆碱和组胺等量混和液所致豚鼠哮喘反应亦具明显抑制作用。     

治伤巴布剂对大鼠创伤性软组织肿胀模型骨骼肌中AQP-1表达的影响

目的:观察治伤巴布剂对大鼠急性软组织损伤模型骨骼肌中AQP-1表达的影响.方法:SD大鼠54只,随机分成3组,分别为正常对照组、模型组和药物处理组.造模后1h、6h、1d、3d、5d、7d6个时相点处死动物,每组每个时相点3只,在标记的区域内肌肉组织取材,采用干湿比重法测定骨骼肌组织的含水量,应用Western Blot、qPCR法检测AQP-1蛋白及基因的表达水平,并进行相关分析.结果:检测的6个时相点中,模型组和药物处理组的肌肉组织含水量均高于正常对照组,在3d、5d、7d3个时相点,药物处理组的含水量低于模型组,药物处理组、模型组的AQP-1蛋白及基因表达水平均高于正常对照组,而药物处理组与模型组相比,差异具有统计学意义.结论:治伤巴布剂具有减轻急性软组织肿胀的作用,从而加速急性软组织损伤后修复的进程.     

改良ABC设计的非球面IOL植入对白内障患者术后视觉质量的影响

目的:评估改良非球面平衡曲线(ABC)设计的非球面人工晶状体(IOL)植入术后的视觉质量,同时进行临床IOL选择的影响因素分析,指导患者的IOL选择方案。方法:前瞻性病例对照研究。选取拟行白内障超声乳化联合折叠式IOL植入术的单纯性白内障患者67例74眼,其中观察组植入改良设计IOL 23眼(HOYA Vivinex XY1组),对照组植入传统设计IOL 51眼(Tecnis ZCB00组27眼,IQ SN60WF组24眼),术后1wk, 1mo测量裸眼视力及最佳矫正视力、不同瞳孔直径下(3、4、5、6mm)全眼球差及彗差、不同瞳孔直径(3、4、5mm)下的调制传递函数(MTF)曲线、客观散射指数(OSI)、眼内散射光值Log(s)及对比敏感度。对所得的数据进行统计学分析。结果:三组术后1wk, 1mo裸眼视力及最佳矫正视力均较术前显著提高,组间均无差异(P>0.05)。术后全眼球差值比较,术后1wk, 5、6mm瞳孔直径下三组存在差异(P=0.045、0.037),术后1mo 6mm瞳孔直径下三组存在差异(P=0.042)。全眼彗差值比较,术后1wk, 1mo 5、6mm瞳孔直...     

Brief Report: Adenosine A2A receptor blockade prevents cisplatin-induced impairments in neurogenesis and cognitive function

Chemotherapy-induced cognitive impairment (CICI) has emerged as a significant medical problem without therapeutic options. Using the platinum-based chemotherapy cisplatin to model CICI, we revealed robust elevations in the adenosine A_2A receptor (A_2AR) and its downstream effectors, cAMP and CREB, by cisplatin in the adult mouse hippocampus, a critical brain structure for learning and memory. Notably, A_2AR inhibition by the Food and Drug Administration–approved A_2AR antagonist KW-6002 prevented cisplatin-induced impairments in neural progenitor proliferation and dendrite morphogenesis of adult-born neurons, while improving memory and anxiety-like behavior, without affecting tumor growth or cisplatin’s antitumor activity. Collectively, our study identifies A_2AR signaling as a key pathway that can be therapeutically targeted to prevent cisplatin-induced cognitive impairments.     

Red blood cell distribution width at admission predicts outcome in critically ill patients with kidney failure: a retrospective cohort study based on the MIMIC-IV database

PurposeWe aimed to explore whether red blood cell distribution width (RDW) could serve as a biomarker to predict outcomes in critically ill patients with kidney failure in this study.Materials and methodsThis retrospective study was conducted with the Medical Information Mart for Intensive Care IV (MIMIC-IV).A total of 674 patients were divided into three groups based on tertiles of RDW. We used the generalized additive model, Kaplan–Meier curve, and Cox proportional hazards models to evaluate the association between RDW and clinical outcomes. We then performed subgroup analyses to investigate the stability of the associations between RDW and all-cause mortality.ResultsNonlinear and J-shaped curves were observed in the generalized additive model. Kaplan–Meier analysis showed that patients with elevated RDW had a lower survival rate. The Cox regression model indicated that high levels of RDW were most closely associated with ICU mortality and 30-day mortality (HR = 4.71, 95% CI: 1.69–11.64 and HR = 6.62, 95% CI: 2.84–15.41). Subgroup analyses indicated that the associations between RDW and all-cause mortality were stable.ConclusionsElevated levels of RDW were associated with an increased risk of all-cause mortality, and RDW could be an independent prognostic factor for kidney failure.     

Anti-tumor pharmacology of natural products targeting mitosis

Cancer has been an insurmountable problem in the history of medical science. The uncontrollable proliferation of cancer cells is one of cancer’s main characteristics, which is closely associated with abnormal mitosis. Targeting mitosis is an effective method for cancer treatment. This review summarizes several natural products with anti-tumor effects related to mitosis, focusing on targeting microtubulin, inducing DNA damage, and modulating mitosis-associated kinases. Furthermore, the main disadvantages of several typical compounds, including drug resistance, toxicity to non-tumor tissues, and poor aqueous solubility and pharmacokinetic properties, are also discussed, together with strategies to address them. Improved understanding of cancer cell mitosis and natural products may pave the way to drug development for the treatment of cancer.     

深圳市2017年-2019年常住居民恶性肿瘤死因分析

目的 分析深圳市恶性肿瘤死亡特征和分布情况,为政府制定恶性肿瘤的防控策略提供参考依据.方法 采用国际疾病分类标准(ICD-10)进行编码分类,运用描述流行病学研究,对2017年1月1日-2019年12月31日深圳市常住居民恶性肿瘤10 612例死亡病例进行分析,分别计算死亡率、死因顺位等.结果 2017年-2019年间...