Aberrant promoter methylation of the vimentin gene may contribute to colorectal carcinogenesis: a meta-analysis

This meta-analysis of published cohort studies was conducted to evaluate how closely the promoter methylation of the vimentin gene is correlated with the pathogenesis of colorectal carcinogenesis (CRC). The Web of Science (1945?~?2013), Cochrane Library Database (issue 12, 2013), PubMed (1966?~?2013), EMBASE (1980?~?2013), CINAHL (1982?~?2013), and Chinese Biomedical Database (CBM) (1982?~?2013) were searched without language restrictions. Meta-analyses were conducted using Stata software (Version 12.0, Stata Corporation, College Station, TX, USA). Odds ratios (ORs) and 95 % confidence intervals (95 %CI) were calculated. Seven clinical cohort studies with a total of 467 CRC subjects met our inclusion criteria. Our meta-analysis results demonstrated that the frequency of vimentin promoter methylation in cancer tissues was significantly higher than in normal and benign tissues (cancer tissues vs. normal tissues: OR?=?32.41, 95 %CI?=?21.04?~?49.93, P?<?0.001; cancer tissues vs. benign tissues: OR?=?1.60, 95 %CI 1.05?~?2.42, P?=?0.028). Ethnicity-stratified analysis indicated that the frequency of aberrant vimentin promoter methylation was correlated with the pathogenesis of CRC in both Asians and Caucasians. The findings of our meta-analysis confirm that vimentin methylation may play a crucial role in the pathogenesis of CRC.     

我国人群细胞因子水平与抑郁症的相关性研究的系统评价

目的:系统评价我国人群细胞因子水平与抑郁症的相关性。方法:计算机检索PubMed、中国生物医学文献数据库、维普中文数据库、中国期刊全文数据库和万方数据库,收集研究国内细胞因子与抑郁症相关性的病例对照研究,由两名研究者按照纳入与排除标准筛选文献、提取资料和评价质量后,采用Rev Man 5.1.5统计软件进行Meta分析。结果:共纳入7项研究,合计577例患者,其中试验组331例,健康对照组246例。Meta分析结果显示,试验组患者白细胞介素(IL)-6浓度[WMD=13.71,95%CI(6.91,20.51),P<0.000]和IL-1β浓度[SMD=2.15,95%CI(1.04,3.26),P<0.000]均高于健康对照组,两组比较差异有统计学意义;而抑郁组患者IL-2浓度亦高于健康对照组,但两组比较差异无统计学意义。结论:我国人群患抑郁症与IL-6、IL-1β水平升高存在一定的相关性。由于本研究的局限性,IL-6、IL-1β浓度与抑郁症的发作性质、严重程度的定量关系等内容尚需开展更多高质量、大样本的研究。     

Tapia's Syndrome after Posterior Cervical Spine Surgery under General Anesthesia

We present a case report to remind surgeons of this unusual complication that can occur in any surgery, even posterior cervical spine surgery under general anesthesia and discuss its causes, treatment methods, and the follow-up results in the literature. The peripheral Tapia''s syndrome is a rare complication of anesthetic airway management. Main symptoms are hoarseness of voice and difficulty of tongue movement. Tapia''s syndrome after endotracheal general anesthesia is believed to be due to pressure neuropathy of the vagus nerve and the hypoglossal nerve caused by the endotracheal tube. To our knowledge, no report has been published or given an explanation for Tapia''s syndrome after posterior cervical spine surgery. Two patients who underwent posterior cervical surgery complained hoarseness and tongue palsy postoperatively. There is no direct anatomical relation between the operation, the vagus nerves and the hypoglossal nerves, and there is no record of displacement or malposition of the endotracheal tube. After several months, all symptoms are resolved. To avoid this problem in posterior cervical spine surgery, we suggest paying special attention to the position of the endotracheal tube to avoid excessive neck flexion before and during the positioning of the patient.     

急诊护理中的暴力风险因素分析及预防对策分析

目的探讨急诊护理中导致暴力事件的风险因素,并针对因素研究相关对策。方法将急诊科56名护理人员纳入研究范围,在研究开始初期对其工作调查,了解其工作情况和所遇暴力事件类型,并对暴力风险进行预测,以了解导致暴力风险的因素,对调查中所涉及暴力风险因素进行评估,针对有价值因素提出干预方法用以研究预防措施,最终对预防结果进行评价。结果护理人员的综合能力、职业道德、工作经验、法律意识、抢救水平、器械熟悉度以及患者就诊环境、缺少系统支持等问题都是导致暴力发生的因素,在进行了急诊科室护理人员系统教育后的第二次调查中,由上述问题导致的暴力发生明显减少,其他难以人为单方面改善的因素仍可导致暴力事件发生,对此采取了加大安保力度、增加安保人员等方式来保证急诊科医护人员的安全。结论急诊科护理人员在工作中遭受暴力危害较多,应及时发现导致暴力的因素,积极寻找应对措施能有效降低暴力发生率,改善护患关系,保障护理人员的安全。     

广州市2015-2016年50~74岁社区人群大肠癌筛查结果分析

目的 分析广州市开展现行大肠癌筛查策略的效果。方法 收集、整理2015－2016年广州市大肠癌筛查数据，评价问卷调查、便隐血检查和全结肠镜检查的筛查效果。结果 2015－2016年广州市50～74岁重点人群完成初筛220 834人，初筛阳性37 040例（16.77%）。全结肠镜检7 821人，肠镜检查顺应率为21.12%（7 821/37 040）。发现各类肠道病变4 126例（52.76%），其中进展性腺瘤614例（7.85%）、伴中/重度异型增生的其他病变73例（0.93%），大肠癌230例（2.94%）；各类病变中男性检出率均高于女性（P<0.01）。病变早诊率为87.24%；筛查发现早期癌99例，占总大肠癌的46.26%。大肠癌筛查发现率为104.15/10万，明显高于相应年龄段（50～74岁）大肠癌监测发病率81.18/10万（P<0.001），表现为≤69岁年龄段大肠癌发现率明显高于相应发病率，≥70岁年龄段则相反。结论 广州市大肠癌筛查策略可以发现大肠癌高危人群，提高全结肠镜病变检出率、癌前病变早诊率和早期大肠癌的诊断比例，≤69岁人群受益高于70～74岁人群，是大肠癌筛查重点关注人群，应需进一步促进高危人群肠镜检查顺应性。     

Micropatterns of Non‐Circular Droplets of Nanostructured PS‐b‐PEO Copolymer by Solvent‐Assisted Wetting on a Chemically Periodic Surface

A method to fabricate micropatterns of non‐circular droplets of a self‐assembled block copolymer by solvent‐assisted wetting on chemically periodic surface is presented. The block copolymer is dewetted on a topographic pre‐pattern to form an array of microdroplets with a sphere‐capped shape and circular contact line. The droplets are then transferred onto a chemically periodic Au line pattern microcontact‐printed with two types of self‐assembled monolayers (SAMs). Solvent vapor application provides sufficient mobility to the block copolymer molecules to induce spreading of the transferred droplets, resulting in two types of non‐circular microdroplet growth. The growth behavior depends on the size of initial droplets relative to periodic line width and on the initial registries of as‐transferred droplets.     

Clinical Efficacy of Cervical Length and Volume for Prediction of Labor Onset in VBAC Candidates

Background: The purpose of this research is to discover whether measurement of cervical length and cervical volume at term is helpful in predicting the onset of labor in VBAC candidates.Methods: Transvaginal sonographic evaluations of the cervixes of pregnant women who desired to undergo VBAC were performed between 36 - 40 weeks gestation. Clinical information such as labor onset time, gestational age at delivery and delivery mode was gathered from medical records.Results: A total of 514 pregnant women participated in this study. Cervical length was significantly longer in the group that delivered 7 days or more after measurement than in the group that delivered within 7 days of measurement (43±0.77 cm vs. 2.99±0.72 cm, p< 0.001). Cervical volume was significantly larger in the group that delivered at and after 7 days than in the group that delivered within 7 days (29.21±11.62 cm³ vs. 34.07±13.41 cm³, p=0.014). The cervical length ROC curve was significantly more predictive than the cervical volume ROC curve (AUC: 0.711 vs 0.594, p= 0.001). There were no significant differences between the combined cervical length/volume ROC curve and the cervical length ROC curve alone (p= 0.565). The AUC of the cervical length ROC curve to predict postterm pregnancy was 0.729.Conclusion: Measuring cervical length is helpful in predicting the onset of spontaneous labor within 7 days and posterm delivery in VBAC candidates.     

急性ST段抬高型心肌梗死实行绿色通道的经验分析

目的:总结对急性ST段抬高型心肌梗死实行急诊绿色通道诊治的经验并分析影响其运行的主要因素.方法:回顾性总结2009-01-12期间对136例急性ST段抬高型心肌梗死的诊断现状及实行急诊绿色通道给予急诊介入,静脉溶栓或药物保守治疗等情况以及患者的院内预后情况;并对急诊绿色通道的影响因素进行分析.结果:136例患者中,从症状发作-入院时间平均为112 min;128例(94%)能得到及时准确的诊断,8例被漏诊;入急诊室到完成首份心电图时间平均为2.8 min;103例实施经皮冠状动脉介入术,入院到球囊扩张时间为(85±14)min;6例实行急诊溶栓治疗,从入院至溶栓时间为(35±8)min;27例实行药物保守治疗,其中8例因患者家属签字拒绝急诊介入或溶栓.127例病情好转出院,9例院内死亡.结论:绝大多数急性ST段抬高型心肌梗死患者能够得到及时准确的诊断并通过急诊绿色通道得到及时的再灌注治疗,影响绿色通道运行的主要因素包括:患者及家属对急性心肌梗死的发病特点和治疗方法认识不足及急诊医师或心血管医师的漏诊.