负压封闭引流术治疗胫腓骨开放性骨折合并严重软组织损伤

目的：探讨应用负压封闭引流技术治疗胫腓骨开放性骨折合并严重软组织损伤的疗效。方法：对14例胫腓骨开放性骨折合并严重软组织损伤患者,进行清创及骨折固定后,应用持续负压封闭引流,6～8 d后拆除敷料。必要时再次行负压封闭引流,二期植皮。结果：14例患者中5例皮肤回植大部分成活,7例患者使用负压封闭引流术治疗后行二期植皮全部...     

营养不良患者乳头体的神经病理研究与临床观察

目的探讨营养不良患者乳头体的病理改变与临床表现的关系。方法选择８例营养不良患者和６例无营养不良患者的尸检脑组织标本,作乳头体、海马、颞叶、额叶、扣带回、小脑上蚓、齿状核和基底节的光镜检查,并结合患者的临床资料。结果营养不良患者中枢神经系统有多种病理改变,乳头体的病理改变为神经细胞缺血性改变７例,神经细胞脱失４例,间质水肿７例,血管增生４例,胶质增生７例。临床表现为嗜睡、昏迷。乳头体的病理改变与营养不良病程长短有关。结论营养不良患者中枢神经系统有多种病理改变,乳头体的病理改变与临床的意识障碍密切相关。     

Behavior and quality of life measures after anesthesia for tonsillectomy or ear tube insertion in children

Background: Past research examining the psychosocial impact of general anesthesia and day case surgery on children has been hampered by a lack of valid and reliable assessment tools. Aim: The purpose of the current study was to assess the feasibility of using a well‐validated scale (i.e. the Pediatric Quality of Life Inventory Generic Core Scales Version 4.0, PedsQL) in the perioperative setting and to establish changes seen in a sample of children having day case surgery when using this scale. Method: Eighty‐nine children (aged 3–12 years) scheduled for general anesthesia for day case tonsillectomy or ear tube insertions were recruited into a prospective study in Melbourne, Australia. Parents completed the PedsQL and the Post Hospitalization Behavioral Questionnaire (PHBQ), and children completed the PedsQL (child self‐report) at baseline (preanesthesia), 7 days following anesthesia and 30 days following anesthesia. Results: The response rate at day 7 and day 30 was modest but when returned the PedsQL and PHBQ had minimal missing data. On the PedsQL, parents rated children’s physical functioning as worse at day 7 than at baseline but psychosocial functioning did not differ significantly from baseline. At 30 days, both physical and psychosocial functioning was rated by parents to be better than baseline levels. From children’s perspective, there was little evidence of a change in their physical or psychosocial functioning on the self‐report PedsQL at day 7, but by day 30 both physical and psychosocial functioning was above baseline levels. A similar pattern was observed on the PHBQ, with little difference in ratings of behavioral problems between baseline and day 7, but less behavioral problems reported at day 30 compared with baseline. Conclusions: The PedsQL is feasible for use in the perioperative setting. Future studies should take into account the possibility that deterioration of psychosocial functioning is uncommon at 1 ‐month postsurgery compared to the preoperative baseline.     

Echocardiographic mapping of left ventricular resynchronization during cardiac resynchronization therapy procedures

Background Cardiac resynchronization therapy （CRT） is an effective electrical therapy for patients with moderate to severe heart failure and cardiac dyssynchrony. This study aimed to investigate the degree of acute left ventricular （LV） resynchronization with biventricular pacing （BVP） at different LV sites and to examine the feasibility of performing transthoracic echocardiography （TTE） to quantify acute LV resynchronization during CRT procedure. Methods Fourteen patients with NYHA Class Ⅲ-Ⅳ heart failure, LV ejection fraction 〈35%, QRS duration 〉120 ms and septal-lateral delay （SLD） 〉60 ms on tissue Doppler imaging （TDI）, underwent CRT implant. TDI was obtained from three apical views during BVP at each accessible LV site and SLD during BVP was derived. Synchronicity gain index （Sg） by SLD was defined as （I＋（SLD at baseline - SLD at BVP）/SLD at baseline）. Results Seventy-two sites were studied. Positive resynchronization （R＋, Sg〉1） was found in 42 （58%） sites. R＋ was more likely in posterior or lateral than anterior LV sites （66% vs. 36%, P 〈0.001）. Concordance of empirical LV lead implantation sites and sites with R＋ was 50% （7/14）. Conclusions The degree of acute LV resynchronizaUon by BVP depends on LV lead location and empirical implantation of LV lead results in only 50% concordance with R＋. Performing l-rE during CRT implantation is feasible to identify LV sites with positive resynchronization.     

儿童气管、支气管内特殊异物临床研究

目的:探讨气管、支气管内特殊异物的临床特点及治疗方法。方法:回顾性分析自1998年9月以来收治的789例儿童气管、支气管异物病历资料,从发病率、患者性别、年龄、病程、临床症状、辅助检查、治疗方法、异物的解剖位置、异物种类及诊疗效果等方面对其中的23例特殊异物的临床特点及治疗方法进行总结。结果:22例痊愈出院,1例死亡。结论:气管、支气管内特殊异物在临床特点及治疗方法等方面均不完全等同于普通异物。     

Lead aVL P‐Wave Polarity: Insight from Mapping and Ablation of Atrial Arrhythmia Initiated from Superior Vena Cava

We report a case of focal atrial tachycardia (AT) originating from prior superior vena cava isolation line. The P‐wave morphology in lead aVL during the AT differed from that during sinus rhythm although their foci were in close proximity to each other. We discuss the mechanism based on the activation maps of the right atrium. (PACE 2010; 33:e100–e101)     

应用MIPO技术锁定钢板内固定治疗胫骨粉碎性骨折

目的：观察应用MIPO技术(微创钢板接骨术)锁定钢板内固定治疗胫骨粉碎性骨折的临床效果。方法：使用MIPO技术对20例胫骨干粉碎性骨折进行锁定钢板内固定。术后平均随访8个月。结果：20例骨折均复位良好、顺利愈合,功能恢复良好。结论：运用MIPO技术锁定钢板内固定治疗胫骨干粉碎性骨折具有较高的临床应用价值。     

Clinicopathological significance of intestinal and diffuse types of gastric carcinoma in Taiwan Chinese

The present study sought to evaluate the clinicopathological features of our gastric cancer patients in terms of a modified Lauren's histological classification and compared the results with those from studies from Japan and Western countries. A total of 536 consecutive patients with gastric cancer were treated surgically between December 1987 and December 1993. A clinicopathological analysis was only performed for intestinal types (IT) and diffuse types (DT) of gastric cancer because patients falling into the ‘other’ category were too small to produce meaningful data. Of 536 cases of gastric cancer, 268 (50%) were IT, 231 (43.1%) were DT and 37 (6.9%) were of the other type. The overall IT:DT ratio was 1.2. Gastric cancer patients with IT (in contrast to DT) were characterized by older age, male dominance, smaller tumours, the tumour often being located in the lower and upper third of the stomach and less peritoneal metastasis. In both sexes, the peak incidence of gastric cancer patients was in the age group 65–74 years. Men had higher proportions of IT carcinoma than women. The IT:DT ratio for men and women was 1.4 and 0.4, respectively. Although the increased ratio of IT:DT paralleled the advance of age in both sexes, the transitional age (the age at which the IT:DT ratio exceeds 1.0) in male patients (age group 51–64 years) was earlier than for female patients (age group 65–74 years). Patients with IT gastric cancer had a significantly better survival rate than those with DT. However, the type of carcinoma (IT or DT) was not an independent predictor of survival. These data indicate that gastric cancer in Taiwan Chinese has different biological behaviour in terms of IT and DT. The clinicopathological features in IT and DT carcinoma are similar to studies from Japan and from Western countries.     

Variceal bleed: secondary prophylaxis- drugs versus endoscopy

Abstract   Variceal rebleeding is frequently encountered in cirrhotic patients surviving an episode of acute esophageal variceal hemorrhage. Endoscopic therapy has evolved from injection sclerotherapy to banding ligation. Medical therapy evolves from propranolol to combination of nadolol and isosorbide-5-mononitrate. Either endoscopic therapy or medical therapy could be helpful for the majority of patients. The combination of endoscopic therapy and medical therapy is a logical approach to prevent variceal rebleeding. For failure cases, rescue therapy with transjugular intrahepatic porto-systemic stent shunt or surgery ay be required.