Effects of hemorrhagic shock on endotoxemia and its molecular mechanism

AlthoughtherearegrowingevidencesindicatlugthatonlyweakendotoxemlaexistsintheearlystageafterhemorrhagicshockinhumanbeingsoranirnalsLI-3,antagonistsagainstendotoxinssuchasbacterlcldal/permeablllty--lucreproteinf'j,polymyxinBL4'andlactuloseL',exertsignificantprotectiveeffectsonthevictimsinshock.Thisseemsthatbacterlalendotoxinsplayanimportantroleinthedevelopmentofhemorrhagicshock.However,itremainsunclarifiedwhethertheroleofendotoxinsinshockisrelatedtotheincreaseofanIndividual'ssensitivitytoendot…     

无机纳米粒子对人肺癌细胞A549和小鼠成纤维细胞L929生物学特性研究

目的 :探讨无机纳米粒子对人肺癌细胞A54 9和小鼠成纤维细胞L92 9生长增殖的影响。方法 :用羟基磷灰石 (HAP)及碳酸钙 (CaCO3 )对A54 9人肺癌细胞和L92 9小鼠成纤维细胞进行体外培养研究 ,分对照组、CaCO3 组和HAP组。绘制细胞生长曲线 ,MTT法测细胞存活率 ,并测集落形成率。结果 :①经CaCO3 纳米粒子处理过的A54 9人肺癌细胞生长曲线明显下降 ,HAP及CaCO3 纳米粒子对L92 9细胞生长曲线无明显影响 ;②CaCO3 纳米粒子在 48h、72h对A54 9细胞的OD值分别为 0 .44± 0 .0 4;0 .42± 0 .0 3,较对照组明显降低 (P <0 .0 1) ;③经CaCO3 纳米粒子处理过的A54 9细胞集落形成率为 33.3% ,较对照组明显降低 (P <0 .0 0 1)。结论 :①CaCO3 对A54 9细胞生长和集落有一定抑制作用 ,对L92 9细胞无明显影响。②HAP对L92 9细胞亦无明显影响。     

胃癌患者应用加速康复外科治疗的安全性及有效性研究

目的观察快速康复外科（FFS）治疗在胃癌手术患者中的安全性和有效性。方法80例胃癌患者行D2根治切除手术,分为两组,每组40例。传统对照组采用传统的围手术期处理方法;FTS组采用TIS程序治疗,主要措施包括缩短患者术前的禁食时间,术前口服含碳水化合物的液体,不放置鼻胃减压管,使用生物蛋白胶封闭手术创面,不放置腹腔引流管,术后早期口服饮食,加强术后止痛,尽早下床活动等。观察比较两组手术及术后住院时间、营养状态、肠道功能、并发症发生及费用等情况。结果FT组与传统对照组相比,术后住院时间缩短,治疗费用减少,术后肠排气时间提前,停止静脉输液时间提前,手术后体重下降减轻,以上指标两组差异均有统计学意义。FTS组术后并发症的发生率并未增加。结论胃癌患者按FTS治疗安全、有效,可以减少住院时间与治疗费用,加速患者的康复。     

Congenital biliary dilatation may consist of 2 disease entities

Background/Purpose

This study aims to establish the possible mechanisms of pathogenesis of congenital biliary dilatation and to classify the disease accordingly.

Methods

Radiologic features of congenital biliary dilatation and pancreaticobiliary malunion in 107 affected children were examined and correlated with laboratory results. Relative lengths/diameters were calculated to provide comparison between children of different ages. Intraluminal pressures of common bile duct (CBD) were measured intraoperatively.

Results

The minimal relative diameters of distal CBD negatively correlated with the maximal relative diameters/lengths of dilated CBD, the maximal relative diameters of common hepatic duct, and left/right hepatic ducts. The intraluminal pressure in patients with a stenotic distal CBD (stenotic group) was significantly higher than that in patients with a nonstenotic distal CBD (nonstenotic group). The narrower the distal CBD, the more deranged the liver function. Conversely, serum/bile amylase levels were more elevated in the nonstenotic group. Common channel protein plugs were only found in the nonstenotic group, whereas common hepatic duct strictures, intrahepatic duct dilatations, and calculi were detected more frequently in the stenotic group.

Conclusion

We propose to categorize congenital biliary dilatation into 2 subgroups: (1) cystic type with stenotic distal CBD associated with deranged liver function and common hepatic duct stricture and (2) fusiform type with nonstenotic distal CBD associated with pancreatitis and common channel protein plugs. Different underlying pathologies of each group require different operative strategies.     

冠心病合并糖尿病患者dTP分析及随访

目的 分析冠心病(CHD)合并糖尿病(DM)患者11脱氢血栓素B2/6-酮前列环素比值(11-dh-TXB2/6-k-PGF1a,dTP)及与主要不良心血管事件(MACE)和再住院之间的关系.方法 选择2013年7月至2014年6月270例CHD患者作为研究对象,其中136例非DM患者(非DM组),134例合并DM患者(DM组).记录患者临床情况,测量身高、体质量、血压、心率等指标,完善心电图、超声心动图、冠状动脉造影等检查.测定两组患者11-dh-TXB2和6-k-PGF1a水平,计算dTP值.随访1年,记录患者MACE事件及再次住院情况.Epdate软件建库,SPSS17.0软件进行统计分析.结果 非DM组与DM组dTP分别为1.8±0.6和2.0士0.7,差异有统计学意义(P＜0.05).对于非DM组,hs-CRP、收缩压、舒张压、冠状动脉病变数及严重病变数与dTP相关(P＜0.05).而对于DM组,hs-CRP、血糖、胆固醇水平、冠状动脉病变数及严重病变数与dTP相关(P＜0.05).随访1年,非DM组和DM组患者发生MACE事件分别为33例(24.3％)和44例(32.8％),两组比较差异无统计学意义(P＞0.05).非DM组和DM组再次住院患者分别为12例(8.8％)和24例(17.9％),两组比较差异有统计学意义(P＜0.05).发生MACE的患者与无MACE的患者住院时dTP分别为2.3±0.8和1.8±0.6,差异有统计学意义(P＜0.05).再住院患者与未再住院组患者住院时dTP分别为2.4±1.0和1.9±0.6,差异有统计学意义(P＜0.05).结论 CHD合并DM患者dTP明显增高,提示血小板明显活化,且较高的dTP增加了患者MACE事件及再次住院风险,应该强化抗血小板治疗.     

椎管内肿瘤26例围手术期的护理

0　引言　手术切除椎管内肿瘤是唯一有效的治疗方法 .由于病变部位的特殊性 ,手术难度大、危险性大 ,术后易出现神经损伤、脊髓缺血、水肿 ,发生呼吸障碍、高热、消化道出血、四肢瘫痪或截瘫等严重并发症 .其护理工作也具有一定的复杂性和特殊性 .1　临床资料　我院 2 0 0 0 - 0 5 / 11收治椎管内肿瘤患者 2 6 (男19,女 7)例 ,年龄 9～ 6 1岁 .颈椎段 14例 ,胸椎段 6例 ,腰椎段 5例 ,骶管内 1例 . 7例为转移瘤 ,2例为原发性胶质瘤 ,其余均为良性肿瘤 .本组患者以颈段椎管内肿瘤居多 (5 4% ) .2　讨论　为使患者安全渡过围手术期 ,术前健康教…     

Efficacy and its predictor in microwave ablation for severe secondary hyperparathyroidism in patients undergoing haemodialysis

Background: Microwave ablation (MWA) can be used to treat severe secondary hyperparathyroidism; however, its efficacy and the predictor of its efficacy are unclear. In this retrospective study we determined the predictor of efficacy of MWA and compared the efficacy of MWA and parathyroidectomy.

Materials and methods: Patients with severe secondary hyperparathyroidism who had received MWA or parathyroidectomy were enrolled in the study. Participants with MWA were divided into response and no response groups based on efficacy. Possible predictors were analysed using logistic regression to determine efficacy predictors. The participants were divided into MWA and parathyroidectomy groups, and the efficacy (including rates of achieving recommended goals for intact parathyroid hormone (iPTH), calcium, and phosphorus levels) were compared between the two groups.

Results: Thirty-one participants were enrolled for predictor analysis. Only baseline iPTH level predicted efficacy (OR 0.997, P?=?0.018). The optimal threshold value of iPTH for predicting efficacy was 1493.5?pg/mL. To compare efficacy, 30 patients were enrolled in MWA (18/30) and parathyroidectomy (12/30) groups. The rates of achieving recommended goals for iPTH levels varied between 0 and 60%; a significant difference was found between the groups at 5 months (P?=?0.01). However, in the parathyroidectomy group, the iPTH level and rate of iPTH <124?pg/mL (lower limit of target range) were significantly lower than in the MWA group after treatment (40–75% versus 0–16.7%).

Conclusion: Baseline iPTH level is a good predictor of MWA efficacy for severe secondary hyperparathyroidism; parathyroidectomy is more effective for severe secondary hyperparathyroidism than MWA.     

血管内支架成形材料在脑供血动脉狭窄治疗中的应用

目的:总结近年来血管内支架成形材料在脑供血动脉狭窄治疗中的应用情况.方法:由作者应用计算机检索维普数据库中与血管内支架置入治疗脑供血动脉狭窄有关的文章,检索时限2000-01/2010-10.检索关键词:血管内支架成形术;脑供血动脉狭窄;缺血性脑卒中;并发症.纳入标准:血管内支架置入治疗脑供血动脉狭窄的文章.排除标准:重复研究或较陈旧文献.结果:金属内支架进入临床治疗后取得了令人瞩目的效果,但具有一定的致血栓形成性、永久性存留体内、再狭窄仍较高、金属表面难以附载药物等缺点.针对以上不足,近些年对支架材料、构形设计、制作工艺等均作了不少改进,更引人注目的是20世纪80年代末和90年代初覆膜支架的出现和生物学支架概念的提出,使血管内支架又进入了一个新的阶段.结论:随着血管内技术的发展,脑保护装置下血管内支架置入已成为治疗颅内外动脉狭窄的主要方法之一,支架技术的安全性和有效性已显著提高,但仍存在如血栓形成、脑出血、再狭窄以及过度灌注等问题.     

Patterns of transcription factor programs and immune pathway activation define four major subtypes of SCLC with distinct therapeutic vulnerabilities

1. Download : Download high-res image (242KB)
2. Download : Download full-size image

     

化妆品相关皮肤不良反应512例临床特点及致病成分分析

【摘要】 目的 分析化妆品相关皮肤不良反应的临床特点及主要致病成分，为化妆品不良反应起到预警作用并提供客观的风险评估依据。方法 收集2018年3月至2019年10月在重庆市中医院门诊就诊的512例化妆品不良反应可疑患者，男14例，女498例，通过填写统一制定的化妆品不良反应报告卡，记录患者的病史资料和所使用化妆品的相关信息；对其中103例（男3例，女100例）进行化妆品原物斑贴试验及化妆品成分斑贴试验，结合48和72 h斑贴试验结果综合判定并汇总分析。结果 512例可疑化妆品不良反应病例中，主要表现类型为接触性皮炎（495例，96.7%）。化妆品不良反应的皮损形态主要为红斑501例（97.9%）、丘疹313例（61.1%）、水肿249例（48.6%）、鳞屑166例（32.4%）；症状主要为瘙痒480例（93.8%），其次为灼热感359例（70.1%）和紧绷感297例（58.0%）。103例化妆品成分斑贴试验显示，阳性71例，最易引起化妆品不良反应的变应原分别为硫柳汞（31例，30.1%）、十二烷基硫酸钠（29例，28.2%）、秘鲁香脂（17例，16.5%）、布罗波尔（12例，11.7%）及三乙醇胺（10例，9.7%）。将化妆品变应原系列分为14个类别，阳性率前4位的类别分别为乳化剂54例（45.8%）、防腐剂47例（39.8%）、芳香剂17例（14.4%）和表面活性剂10例（8.5%）。2例男性和69例女性斑贴试验阳性，男女阳性率差异无统计学意义（2/3比69/100，χ2 = 0.01，P > 0.05）；18 ~ 29岁组、30 ~ 49岁组及50 ~ 70岁组阳性率分别是34%、34%、32.4%，各组间阳性率差异无统计学意义（χ2 = 0.693，P > 0.05）。结论 化妆品不良反应最常见的表现为接触性皮炎，致病成分具有多样性，最易引起化妆品皮肤不良反应的变应原分别为硫柳汞、十二烷基硫酸钠、秘鲁香脂、布罗波尔及三乙醇胺。